Cross-country skiing: Regulations and rules. Cross-country skiing Rules for cross-country skiing competitions

Ski race.

The main types and rules of cross-country skiing competitions:

Competitions with general start (mass start)

Pursuit (pursuit, Gundersen system)

relay races

Individual sprint

Team sprint

Time trial competition

With a separate start, athletes start at a certain interval in a certain sequence. As a rule, the interval is 30 seconds (less often - 15 seconds, 1 minute). The sequence is determined by a draw or the current position of the athlete in the ranking (the strongest start last). Pair separate start is possible. The final result of the athlete is calculated by the formula "finish time" minus "start time".

Mass start competitions

In the mass start, all athletes start at the same time. At the same time, athletes with the best rating take the most advantageous places at the start. The final result coincides with the finish time of the athlete.

pursuit racing

Pursuit races (pursuit) are combined competitions consisting of several stages. At the same time, the starting position of athletes at all stages (except the first) is determined by the results of the previous stages. As a rule, in cross-country skiing, the pursuit takes place in two stages, one of which the athletes run in the classic style, and the other in the free style.

Break-in pursuit are held in two days, less often - with an interval of several hours. The first race takes place, as a rule, with a separate start. According to its final results, the gap from the leader for each of the participants is determined. The second race is played with a handicap equal to this gap. The winner of the first race starts first. The final result of the pursuit race coincides with the finish time of the second race.

Non-stop pursuit (duathlon) starts with a common start. After overcoming the first half of the distance with one style, athletes change skis in a specially equipped area and immediately overcome the second half of the distance with another style. The final result of the pursuit without a break coincides with the finish time of the athlete.

relay races

Teams consisting of four athletes (rarely three) compete in relay races. Ski relay races consist of four stages (rarely three), of which stages 1 and 2 are run in a classic style, and stages 3 and 4 are run in a free style. The relay starts with a mass start, while the most favorable places at the start are determined by a draw or they are received by the teams that took the highest places in previous similar competitions. The transfer of the baton is carried out by touching the palm of any part of the body of the starting athlete of his team, while both athletes are in the transfer zone. The final result of the relay team is calculated by the formula "finish time of the last team member" minus "start time of the first team member".

Individual sprint

Individual sprint competitions begin with a qualification (prologue), which is organized in the separate start format. After qualification, the selected athletes compete in the sprint finals, which take place in the form of races of various formats with a mass start, the mass start consists of four people (changes). The number of athletes selected for the final heats does not exceed 30. Quarter-finals are held first, then semi-finals and finally final A. The table of final results of the individual sprint is formed in the following order: results of the final A, participants in the semi-finals, participants in the quarter-finals, non-qualified participants.

Team sprint

The team sprint is held as a relay race with teams consisting of two athletes who alternately replace each other, running 3-6 laps of the track each. With a sufficiently large number of declared teams, two semi-finals are held, from which an equal number of the best teams are selected for the final. The team sprint starts with a mass start. The final result of the team sprint is calculated according to the relay rules.

Place of the sport in various classifications:

According to the qualifications of L.P. Matveev, based on the subject of the competition and the nature of the motor activity, cross-country skiing belongs to the first of six groups. This is a sport that is characterized by active motor activity with the utmost manifestation of physical and mental qualities. Sports achievements in this sport depend on the athlete's own motor abilities.

According to the form of competitive interactions in the qualification of T. T. Dzhamgarov in the confrontation of opponents, cross-country skiing refers to direct conditional physical contact. By the nature of the interaction of partners, jointly individual actions.

In the classification of A.Ts. Puni cross-country skiing ranks first in the group as a cyclical sport.

According to L.K. Greyscale ski racing is a record sport.

Also, sports can be divided according to the nature of their impact on the ligamentous-muscular and bone-articular apparatus of the athlete, according to the degree of participation of certain muscle groups in work and the characteristics of the sports working posture when performing specific physical exercises of the chosen sport into three groups: symmetrical, asymmetric and mixed sports. In this case, we will classify cross-country skiing as a symmetrical type of exercise in which the right and left halves of the athlete's body perform simultaneously or alternately the same movements or actions. In this case, the athlete's spine occupies a strictly median position, the athlete's body is in stable balance in the frontal plane. The muscles of the trunk, abdominals and limbs receive a uniform physical load

Requirements for psychomotor and mental processes:

In the practice of physical education and sports, it is customary to distinguish the following basic motor qualities: speed, agility, strength, flexibility and endurance. Everything can be attributed to the qualities of a skier, but to a greater extent endurance. Endurance reflects the ability of a person to perform work of a certain intensity without reducing its effectiveness for a long time. Depending on the conditions of manifestation, several types of endurance are distinguished: speed (the ability to maintain high speed of movement for a long time), strength (long-term maintenance of high physical stress), static (long-term maintenance of a certain muscle tension in the absence of movement) and others. Speed-strength endurance is the most important. According to another classification, general and special endurance are distinguished. The first is understood as the ability to perform the required level of any public work (walking, running, swimming) for a long time. Skiers, cyclists, long-distance runners have a particularly high level of general endurance - that is, those athletes whose training is associated with long-term loads. Special endurance is understood as the ability of a person to perform certain specific movements with high intensity for a long time without reducing the intensity itself. So, any of the highly qualified athletes in their type of activity has a high special endurance. There is no direct relationship between general and special endurance, although a person with a higher general endurance, other things being equal, is also distinguished by a more pronounced special endurance.

The specialized sensations and perceptions of the skier-racer include the feeling of skiing and snow, the same nuances depend on the profile of the track, the weather, the planned race tactics, and the situation that develops during the race.

Courage, determination and confidence in one's own strength are the most important qualities that a ski racer needs to overcome difficult tracks during training and competition, especially on descents passed at high speed with sharp turns. It is very important to educate these qualities as early as possible, from the first years of school skiing. Naturally, when cultivating these qualities, one cannot limit oneself only to training sessions in the section. This is carried out in the course of all lessons in ski training and other sports.

The characteristic training and competitive qualities and difficulties of a skier include various factors - low temperatures, difficult terrain, poor gliding, large loads in terms of volume and intensity. Overcoming these difficulties already contributes to the development of strong-willed qualities. During training and competition, a skier needs to show qualities that largely solve the problem of improving performance and achieving high sports results. First of all, these are perseverance and perseverance in overcoming difficulties and in achieving the set goal, the ability to exert maximum effort, courage and determination, self-confidence, etc. Persistence and perseverance in overcoming difficulties and achieving the set goal is an important and integral part of volitional training. During training sessions and competitions, young skiers constantly have to overcome difficulties of a different nature - objective and subjective. This is the fulfillment of a large training load, despite increasing fatigue, movement in adverse weather and sliding conditions, overcoming fear and uncertainty during difficult descents at high speed, painful experience of one's failures, self-doubt when participating in competitions. In addition to other methods for the development of volitional qualities, the competitive method is widely used when performing exercises and various tasks. To this end, the training session includes exercises that require maximum concentration of efforts to achieve the goal. At the same time, such exercises-tasks increase the emotional background of the lesson, contribute to the implementation of a larger amount of training with less psychological overload. At the same time, participation in competitions at various distances is one of the most important means of developing volitional qualities in the fight for victory, and in case of failure, it will give a powerful impetus to further training. Rarely there are athletes who do not seek revenge and resign themselves to defeat. For the development of volitional qualities, it is necessary to apply exercises or tasks that require the full mobilization of forces to achieve the goal. If the exercise and load (in terms of volume, intensity of coordinating and psychological tension) become habitual, their influence on the development of volitional qualities is significantly reduced.

The main reasons for technical and tactical errors are physical and psychological fatigue, irrational distribution of forces on the track, poor preparation of ski equipment.

It is known that before the start of the competition, skiers are in a different emotional state. Currently, there are 3 types of prelaunch state:

Alert. It is characterized by the active desire of the skier to fight on the track, self-confidence, concentration, attention and sharpening of the processes of perception of the environment, a clear understanding of the goals and objectives of the upcoming competition.

State of starting fever. When observing a skier in this state, attention is drawn to excessive excitement before the start, absent-mindedness, excessive fussiness and excitability, inadequately violent reaction to common external stimuli and the situation before the start, unstable mood, impaired control over one's actions and actions, etc. .

A state of initial apathy. In this state, the skier is usually passive, lethargic and indifferent to the competition itself and to the final result. He has no desire to start and fight at a distance, in addition, there is a bad mood.

The degree of manifestation of one or another starting state can be different, greater or lesser. At the same time, the timing of their manifestation can also be different - from several minutes to several days before the start. In boys and girls, the starting state is usually more pronounced.

The environment directly on the day of the competition and at the start (solemnity of the opening, colorful design of the start and finish, the presence and behavior of spectators and other skiers, etc.) has a certain impact on the starting state. The state of starting fever and starting apathy are similar in their negative impact on the functional state of the body as a whole and on individual characteristics, in particular, the technique of movement, working capacity, as well as the final result of the competition.

As a rule, positive results are obtained by distracting athletes from thoughts about upcoming competitions, hobby activities - reading books, visiting theaters, art galleries, watching movies, playing music, etc.

Autogenic training can also have a positive effect on the regulation of the prestart state. However, skiers must master the techniques of autogenic training in advance under the guidance of a coach.

One of the means that positively affects the emotional state of the athlete before the start is massage. Massage is allowed only by a specialist who is well aware of its effect. The nature of the massage (duration, techniques, intensity, etc.) must strictly correspond to the condition of the skier and the tasks set, otherwise the massage can only aggravate the condition and lead to negative results.

Voluntary regulation of breathing can have a positive impact on the emotional state of the athlete.

The warm-up before the start can be used not only to prepare the body, but also to regulate the pre-start state of the skier. Different in intensity and duration exercises and skiing, their various combinations can significantly change the emotional state of the ski racer. In the event that pre-start fever is observed to a greater or lesser extent, it is necessary to warm up with less intensity, in the form of a calm, but longer skiing. It is better to do this away from the starting town and spectators in order to avoid the additional exciting influence of these factors. The warm-up time depends on the individual skier and the level of excitement. Control over the condition of the skier in this case is carried out according to objective indicators: respiratory rate and heart rate. It is also necessary to take into account the subjective factor - the athlete's well-being. In the case of starting apathy, skiers, on the contrary, conduct a more intense warm-up, performing several short accelerations. All this increases excitability, improves mood and relieves apathy. Warming up before the start, taking into account the emotional state, is a purely individual matter, and skiers should learn how to do it in the process of training and before unimportant competitions. To normalize the mental state, various psychological methods and techniques are used, which are divided into operational and preventive. Operative methods are used immediately before the performance or in case of pronounced adverse reactions a few days before the competition. Preventive methods are aimed at maintaining neuro-psychic freshness by the time of the competition and can be applied at all stages of preparation. Various methods of rational psychotherapy coming from a coach or another person are persuasion, clarification, censure, conversation on an abstract topic, etc. Self-regulation techniques are also used. All these methods can be divided into several groups.

First aimed at eliminating external signs of emotional tension. This is achieved by the athletes developing conscious control over their emotional state and external signs of its manifestation with the help of an arbitrary delay in expressive actions characteristic of emotional experiences of pits, special physical exercises and their combination with breathing exercises.

Second is aimed at distracting the athlete's mind from obsessive thoughts. This is achieved by focusing not on the outcome of the competition, but on those technical and tactical techniques that the athlete intends to use in it.

Third covers the techniques by which the athlete himself influences himself: self-persuasion, self-order, self-soothing, self-review and various self-hypnosis.

Ability to withstand maximum stresses is a manifestation of the volitional capabilities of ski racers and largely determines the final sports result. However, the skier's capabilities are not always fully manifested in normal training conditions or in unimportant competitions. A powerful incentive for the manifestation of maximum volitional qualities can be the setting of a high goal, which is quite feasible with a concentration of physical and volitional capabilities. As a rule, this occurs when there is great responsibility to the team, in specific competitions, or when a victory enables an athlete to get into major competitions (country championship, international competitions, etc.) or into the national team (region, country), not to mention about winning major international tournaments, where athletes mobilize all their abilities.

Of the four types of temperament, the skier is suitable phlegmatic person- more than calm, one might even say, a little slow. Phlegmatic people are quite hardy, so sports associated with this particular quality are suitable for them. The formed skills and habits are distinguished by great strength and conservatism. Such athletes are very efficient and resistant to external stimuli, they prefer calm, monotonous exercises, they are prone to long and thorough development of the technique of individual exercises, painstaking work on the development of any quality.

The coach absolutely needs to maintain constant contact with the parents of young skiers and with the teaching staff of the school where the student is constantly studying. It is very important that not a single case of violation of discipline goes unnoticed. This does not mean that for any unseemly act or violation of discipline, it is necessary to immediately apply the methods of punishment. An individual approach to young skiers is very important here: it is enough for someone to make a remark (individually, or maybe in front of a group); it may be enough for another to make it clear that his violation has been noticed; in some cases, a more serious punishment is possible - removal from class or even expulsion from the section. Punishment must always correspond to the degree of misconduct.

At the same time, when educating discipline (as, indeed, other moral and volitional qualities), it is very important for the teacher-trainer to have a deep knowledge of the psychological characteristics of his students, their inclinations and hobbies, academic performance, behavior at school and at home, and other qualities. Education always requires an individual approach. However, the teacher-trainer must himself be a model of discipline, since in this case, personal example plays a very important role.

Skiing classes are held in a rather difficult environment for a teacher (on rough terrain, in a forest, field, mountains), with frequently changing and not always favorable meteorological conditions. Added to this is the almost constant stay of the group and the teacher in motion, the stretching of the group involved in explaining the exercises, the difficulty of individualizing classes, etc. All this requires the teacher to have general pedagogical and ski-specific knowledge, pedagogical skills and organizational and methodological skills.

A skiing coach should not only conduct training sessions, but also carry out political and educational work, as well as improve his skills in the theory, methodology and practice of skiing and his ideological, political and general cultural level.

The coach should be able to determine the sports form and general condition of the athlete not only according to medical control, but also guided by external signs: muscle condition, complexion, well-being and mood. Improving the technique of his students, the Coach must be able to see the movements performed and notice the mistakes, especially the main ones that interfere with the correct mastering of sports equipment. Finding a mistake and explaining why and how it interferes is to ensure the success of improving technology. The most characteristic mistakes should be briefly analyzed with the whole group, while not allowing ridicule and caustic jokes against those who make mistakes. Undesirable experiences, noticed in time by an experienced teacher, can be completely eliminated with the right response to them. At the right moment, one should raise the vigor of the students, “ignite sports anger”, and if necessary, reduce excessive ardor.

The coach should not fuss, get excited, angry and nervous, no matter what the problems are, as this only worsens the situation and negatively affects the mood of the skiers. Timely encouragement of students is of great importance. If a skier, diligently studying an exercise, has not yet mastered the correct form of its implementation and asks the teacher to evaluate how he performs the movement, you should not embarrass him by sharply pointing out his mistakes. On the contrary, it must be pointed out that the exercise is carried out satisfactorily for the most part, but it is still necessary to refine certain positions or movements, to indicate the correct way to study this exercise. A sharp negative assessment often kills a skier's initiative and desire to actively study sports equipment. At the same time, one should not unnecessarily praise and encourage those involved for any reason and without a goal; you need to know where, whom, how and in what case you should praise. The coach must constantly teach his students to be neat, monitor their posture and alignment so that they always have a taut look. Of great importance is the culture of the language of the trainer. The cheerful, cheerful mood of the teacher always enlivens the lesson and makes it more interesting.

Bibliography:

http://www.drmed.ru/s.

http://medbookaide.ru/books/

http://www.fizkult-ura.ru/

http://www.sports.ru/

Butin I.M. Skiing: Proc. allowance for students. higher ped. textbook establishments. - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2000. - 368 p.

National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health P. F. Lesgaft.

Department of Psychology.

Psychosportogram.

Completed: student of group 201

coaching faculty

Novoselova Anastasia.

The guidelines for all international races are the FIS-issued "Rules for International Competitions".

Competitive distances

The entire route is marked with flags of the same color. Distances of 30 and 50 km in most cases run in several circles.

For races over 30 km, two service points must be installed. The height difference between the lowest and highest section of the course for women must be no more than 100 m in the 5 km race and 150 m in the 10 km race.

For men - no more than 200 m in the 10 km race, 250 m in the 15 km race and all longer distances. In case of deep snow, the organizers lay, in addition to the main track, a pole track. At the start of the relay races, the ski tracks are used in the amount in which the teams enter the competition.

After about 200 m, these individual tracks merge into the main track. For each competition, a scheme of the route is prepared, on which the elevation changes and the length of the ascents are indicated.

Competitive disciplines

The Olympic competitive disciplines are 5 km, 10 km, 20 km and 4 x 5 km relay for women and 15 km, 30 km, 50 km and 4 x 10 km relay for men.

Course of the competition

In cross-country skiing, the start is taken one by one with an interval of at least 30 seconds. Starters are divided into 4 groups according to the results. Group 1 with the strongest riders starts at the end of all participants in tactically more favorable conditions.

Starting with the 1976 Olympic Games, the direct order of the numbers of the starting groups, i.e. from 1st to 4th, has been restored, in contrast to the reverse order that existed before. The 4th group is considered the strongest (i.e. the last one, which used to be under No. 1), but often this is not entirely true, because. the distribution of the riders of one team into groups takes place in accordance with the tactical considerations of the coach.

The order within the group is determined by a draw. Only in relay races and mass races is a general start given. If overtaking is not taken into account, the track cannot be left. Only at the request of "Skiing!" The one in front must step aside.

The competition rules are approved by the international association of cross-country skiing. Tournament organizers have the right to determine suitable disciplines and make other amendments that do not contradict the basic rules.

Track Requirements

A cross-country skiing track is a specially defined section of the terrain, which is suitably prepared, has a width of three or more meters, which allows the passage of special equipment for compacting snow and laying tracks.

According to the official rules, cross-country skiing is held on tracks that for this sport must be located in such a way that there is an objective possibility of assessing the technical, tactical and speed training of skiers.

The coefficient of complexity of the competition should be selected depending on the level of the competition, the age category and the skill of the participants.

The track provides for turns, descents, ascents, sections passing through the forest, as well as other features to avoid monotony. All natural obstacles must be in harmony on the track and not disrupt the overall rhythm of the race.

Descent zones are arranged so that skiers can overtake, and athletes with different speeds can pass sections without interfering with each other.

starting position

In this sport, several types of starts are used:

Personal (after 30 seconds interval);
Group;
General.

The start notification procedure is as follows:

The judge at the start for 10 seconds gives the command "Attention";
After 5 seconds, it starts the countdown;
At its end, the command "Start" or "March" follows;
In the case of electronic timing, a signal sounds synchronously with the start command;
The clock counting the starting seconds must be placed in good visibility for the athletes.

The skier at the starting position should be located in this way:

The skier's feet are in front of the starting line, the participant himself remains motionless until the “March” command;
Sticks are installed statically in front of the start line.

In the case of a false start and a manual countdown, the offending skier returns to his place, the countdown starts again, the start time is the data specified in the protocol.

Fixing the start time by electronic means allows the athlete to start within three seconds before and after the signal. An earlier move counts as a false start. The skier returns to the starting position, crosses the line behind the electronic gate and tries again. If a late start occurs three seconds after the signal, the time is recorded in a protocol way. A participant who has delayed his own start is not entitled to join in time with other athletes.

If the jury is of the opinion that uncontrollable forces contributed to the violation of the start, the actual start time may be taken into account.

The general start is the position that the highest ranked athlete leaves first. The rest of the participants start in descending order of rating positions.

Finish Features

The front of the skier's foot that crosses the finish line determines the time to complete the course.

The electronic reference system fixes the finish when the contact of the electronic chronometer is interrupted. The photocell should be placed 250 mm above the snow level.

Most cross-country skiing competitions use a photo finish. It is a pair of video cameras, one of which is located at the edge of the finish line, the second is placed at a certain angle in front of the participant. Sometimes an additional camera is used to record the numbers of the finishing athletes. This approach helps to avoid misunderstandings in the event of almost simultaneous completion of the race by several athletes.

If several skiers pass the finish with photofixation synchronously, the time is determined in the sequence in which the front feet of the participants overcome the vertical of the finish line, the width of which should not be more than 100 mm.

Passing the distance

The rules of cross-country skiing stipulate that when overcoming the distance, the skier is prohibited from using other devices for moving, except for skis and sticks.

The athlete is obliged to adhere to the intended route, pass through all control points. The skier is not allowed to shorten the distance of the race by cutting off. You can not go into the middle of the turning arc, if there is such a marking on the turns of the route.

If ski marking is provided, the entire path must be covered on inventory under one marking (it is forbidden to change skis).

It is forbidden to accompany the athlete in front, behind or to the side when he passes the track.

A skier who has committed a violation of the rules during the course is removed specifically from this track. It is unacceptable for an athlete to receive any assistance that is not provided for by the current rules.

to complete the tasks in this section, it is necessary to study the rules of cross-country skiing competitions, as well as use the theoretical information obtained in the classroom.

Purpose: To learn the rules of cross-country skiing competitions.

Topic 3.1. Documents regulating the holding of competitions

Task 1. Develop a regulation on a ski holiday.

1. Purpose: __________________________________________________________

2. Tasks: ______________________________________________________________

3. Venue _______________________________________________

4. Date of holiday __________________________________________________

5. Management of the holiday (it is necessary to indicate which organization provides general management, organization, holding the holiday) ________________________________________________________

6. Participating organizations and participants of the holiday ___________________

7. Applications and admission to participate in the holiday (it is necessary to indicate how many days in advance to submit a preliminary application, where to send, address) ____________________________________________________________

8. Ensuring the safety of participants and spectators ____________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Insurance and admission of participants _________________________________

Task 2. Develop a script for a ski holiday.

Name of the holiday _______________________________________________

Location __________________________________________________

Date of the holiday __________________________________________

Opening time of the holiday ___________________________________________

Competition start time __________________________________________

Time of the awards ceremony, closing of the holiday __________

Compiled by student:_________________

Topic 3.2. Selection and preparation of the ski run

Task 1. Draw a marking scheme for the starting camp on the instructions of the teacher (individual start in 30 seconds, mass start, relay race, sprint).

Compiled by student:_________________

Topic 3.3. Organization and holding of cross-country skiing competitions

To complete this task, it is necessary to draw lots of students in the study group.

Task 1. Draw up a protocol for the start of cross-country skiing competitions on the instructions of the teacher (individual stratum in 30 seconds, mass start, relay race, sprint).

STARTING LIST FOR CROSS-CROSS-CROSS COMPETITIONS

_____________________________________________________________________

(name of competition)

Venue Date

Start of the competition ______ hour. _______ min.

Starting number of the participant	Last name, first name	Year of birth	Sports qualification	Territory, FSO	Strat time	Start mark
1.
2.
3.

Compiled by student:_________________

Grade _________________________

Task 2. Draw up a protocol of the official results of the cross-country skiing competitions of your study group.

OFFICIAL RESULTS FOR CROSS-CROSS-CROSS COMPETITION

Venue Date

Group of participants Distance km Style

The start of the competition is ______. ________min. Track characteristics:

The end of the competition ______ hour. ________min elevation difference

Air temperature at the beginning of the race maximum climb

Air temperature at the end of the race

Started: __________ Did not finish the distance _________

Finished the distance _____________ Did not start _______________

Compiled by student:_________________

Grade _________________________

Task 3. Make a list of violations of the rules of cross-country skiing competitions.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Compiled by student:_________________

Grade _________________________

1. Antonova, O.N. Ski training: teaching methods: textbook. allowance for students. avg. ped. textbook institutions / O.N. Antonova, V.S. Kuznetsov. - M.: ACEDEMA, 1999. -208s.

2. Brown, N. Ski preparation. Complete guide / N. Brown. Per. from English. A. Nemtsov. - Murmansk: 2004. - 168 p.

3. Butin, I.M. Skiing: textbook. for stud. educate. medium institutions. prof. education / I.M. Butin. - M.: VLADOS-PRESS, 2003. - 192 p.

4. Skiing: textbook for physical culture institutes / ed. M.A. Agranovsky. - M .: Physical culture and sport, 1980. - 368 p.

5. Manzhosov, V.N. Skiing: a textbook for universities / V.N. Manzhosov, I.G. Ogoltsov, G.A. Smirnov. - M.: Higher school, 1979. - 151 p.

6. Manzhosov, V.N. Training ski racers: essays on theory and methodology / VN Manzhosov. - M .: Physical culture and sport, 1986. - 96 p.

7. Rules for cross-country skiing competitions. - Minsk.: Polygraphic Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 2008. - 100 p.

8. Ramenskaya, T.I. Young skier: a popular educational book about the long-term training of ski racers / T.I. Ramenskaya - M .: SportAcademPress, 2004. - 204 p.

9. www.fis-ski.com.

EXPLANATORY NOTE. . . . . . . 3

SECTION I. METHODOLOGY FOR TRAINING SKI RACERS

IN THE SNOWLESS TIME OF THE YEAR

Topic 1.1. Classification of exercises for cross-country skiers. . . four

Topic 1.2. Methods of teaching the technique of movement on skis. . 9

SECTION II. METHODOLOGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL

QUALITIES OF A RACING SKIER

Topic 2.1. Means and methods of strength development. . . . . 19

Topic 2.2. Means and methods of speed development. . . . twenty

Topic 2.3. Means and methods of development of endurance. . . . 21

Topic 2.4. Means and methods of development of coordination abilities. 22

SECTION III. Cross-country skiing rules

Topic 3.1. Documents regulating the holding of competitions. 25

Topic 3.2. Selection and preparation of the ski slope. . . . . 28

Topic 3.3. Organization and holding of cross-country skiing competitions. 29

The rules were approved by the order of the Ministry of Sports of Russia dated March 6, 2014 (relevant in 2016)

PART 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1 Cross-country skiing competitions are held in accordance with the rules (ICR) of the International Ski Federation (FIS), these rules (hereinafter ICR). In this edition of the rules, the numbering of the FIS rules has been retained. Sports situations that are not reflected in this edition of the Rules are interpreted on the basis of the FIS Rules.

1.2 Official sports competitions in cross-country skiing are held in sports disciplines in accordance with the All-Russian Register of Sports and in age categories in accordance with the Unified All-Russian Sports Classification.

1.3 (201.5) Sports competition.
A sports competition is a competition among athletes or teams of athletes in various sports (sports disciplines) in order to identify the best participant in the competition, held in accordance with the regulations (regulations) approved by its organizer.

1.4 Sports discipline
A sports discipline is a part of a sport that has distinctive features and includes one or more types, programs of sports competitions. For example, cross-country skiing is a sport, and sprint is a sport discipline.

1.4.1 (201.6.1) Cross-country skiing, roller skiing and mass cross-country skiing are FIS Nordic disciplines.

1.5 Participation in competitions

1.5.1 Participation in competitions.
Athletes of constituent entities of the Russian Federation are allowed to participate in official sports competitions with a status not lower than the “championship of the federal district of the Russian Federation” in cross-country skiing. To participate in sports competitions of at least the specified status, athletes must have an RUS code (the numeric code under which the athlete is registered in the database).
The procedure for the participation of athletes in sports competitions of a lower status is determined by the regional (local) sports Federations accredited for the sport of "cross-country skiing".

1.5.2 Participation in FIS competitions.
To participate in FIS calendar competitions held on the territory of the Russian Federation, athletes with a FIS code in accordance with paragraph 200.3 of the ICR are allowed.

1.6 When holding official all-Russian sports competitions, the appointment of a Technical Delegate is mandatory.

1.7 Classification of competitions of the Russian Federation

1.7.1 Classification of competitions by status and sporting significance:
International competitions (FIS) held on the territory of the Russian Federation, championships, Cups, championships of the Russian Federation, official all-Russian competitions, championships, championships of the federal districts of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the 1st category).
Championship, Cup, championship of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, other official competitions of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, (hereinafter referred to as the 2nd category).
Championships, championships of municipalities, other official competitions of municipalities, competitions of physical culture and sports organizations (hereinafter referred to as the 3rd category).

1.7.2 In accordance with the All-Russian Register of Sports (VRVS), cross-country skiing competitions are divided into: personal, personal-team, team.

1.7.3 In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and in order to popularize the sport, the All-Russian Sports Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Federation) has the right to conduct:
- mass competitions;
- competitions among certain groups of the population;
- competitions in the framework of preparing young people for service in the armed forces.
The procedure for organizing mass sports competitions cannot contradict these Rules.
Regulations on the relevant competitions are approved by the sports Federation or the organizing committee of the competition.

2.1 (206.1) The federation, its regional branches or accredited regional sports federations of cross-country skiing have the right to conclude agreements with organizations of any form of ownership for sponsorship and / or provision of goods or equipment, if this organization is recognized as an official sponsor or partner.
Advertising using photographs, images or names of athletes during the competition is prohibited.
Advertising of tobacco, alcoholic products or drugs with the participation of athletes, as well as the placement of such advertising on an athlete's equipment, is prohibited.

2.2 The extrabudgetary funds attracted for the organization and holding of competitions are spent by their organizer in accordance with the concluded agreements and contracts.

2.3 (206.3) All equipment received from a sponsor and used in competition must comply with the Marking and Trademark Rules (CSL 3).

2.4 Obscene words and/or symbols on clothing and equipment are prohibited.

2.5 (206.5) Athletes are not allowed to take off one or both skis before crossing the red line in the finish area designated by the organizer.

2.6 (206.6) At all cross-country skiing events, official ceremonies with the hoisting of flags and the singing of anthems, athletes are not allowed to take sports equipment (skis, poles, ski boots, helmet, goggles) with them. After the final completion of the ceremony (the awarding of prizes and medals, the performance of anthems), athletes are allowed to hold equipment on the pedestal for photographing.

2.7 (206.7) Presentation of winners/podium equipment

At all cross-country skiing competitions, during the unofficial presentation of the winners (flower ceremony), athletes can take the following items of equipment on the pedestal:
- Skis.
- Footwear: Athletes may wear their sports shoes during the awards ceremony on the podium. Other ways of wearing shoes are not allowed (e.g. around the neck). During the awarding, it is impossible to take out other shoes on the pedestal, with the exception of the one in which he is shod.
- Ski poles: separate from the skis, usually in the other hand.
- Glasses: either worn or hanging around the athlete's neck.
- Helmet: if worn, then only on the head of the athlete (but not on skis or ski poles).
- Ski clips: maximum two with the name of the ski manufacturer, possibly one with the name of the ski wax manufacturer.
- Clips for ski poles used in cross-country skiing competitions. Clamps can be used to hold two sticks together. The width of the staple can be two sticks, but not wider than 4 cm; allowable length (height) - 10 cm; the long side of the bracket is parallel to the sticks. The commercial marking of the stick manufacturer may cover the entire surface of the staple.
- All other accessories are prohibited: waist bags, mobile phones around the neck, backpacks, bottles, etc.

2.8 (206.8; 206.9) Immediately after the competition, before the protest deadline, an informal presentation of the winner (flower ceremony) and an anthemic honoring ceremony are permitted in the competition area, at the discretion and risk of the organiser. It is obligatory to have clearly visible starting numbers of the competitors.
The starting jerseys of the athletes in which they participated in the competition, as well as other outerwear, must be worn and clearly visible while in the restricted areas (including the podium and areas equipped for communication with TV reporters).

4 Use of rights for electronic media

4.1 The use of rights for electronic media is carried out in accordance with paragraphs 208, 209 of the ICR.

4.2 (208.1.4) Media Access to Competitions
When holding competitions, only personnel with appropriate accreditation are allowed in the areas allocated for the media.

5 (219) Prizes

5.1 (219.1) Record prizes are prohibited.

5.2 (219.2) If two or more athletes have the same time or the same number of points, they shall be placed in the same place. They receive the same prizes, titles and diplomas. Distribution of titles or prizes by lottery or other competition is not permitted.

5.3 (219.3) All prizes must be awarded no later than the last day of the competition or series of competitions.

6 (221) Medical care and doping control

6.1 Sports organizations that represent competitors are responsible for the health of their athletes and their readiness to compete. All athletes are required to regularly undergo a comprehensive in-depth medical examination.

6.2 Medical support at competitions is carried out by the medical staff of medical and physical education dispensaries (VFD), sports facilities, as well as doctors who constantly monitor this contingent of athletes; territorial and departmental health care institutions. To do this, no later than 3 days before the start of the competition, their organizers submit an appropriate application to the WFD or district (city) health authorities that provide medical support for these competitions.

6.3 Multi-day competitions and competitions with a large number of participants are served by a medical team headed by a responsible medical officer (chief physician). All decisions within his competence are binding on the participants, coaches, judges and organizers of the competition. At the disposal of the chief doctor is also the middle and junior medical staff, ambulance transport. Prior to the start of the competition, the chief doctor gets acquainted in detail with the sanitary and hygienic conditions of the competition venues, accommodation and meals for participants, the epidemiological situation, the sanitary and technical condition of sports facilities, first-aid posts, tracks, sports equipment, locker rooms, showers, and recreation areas for athletes. On the eve of the competition, together with the director of the competition, the sports base, accommodation and meals for participants, the doctor is guided by the current rules for maintaining facilities for physical culture and sports. The chief doctor submits to the organizing committee or the panel of judges a plan for the medical support of the competition and a report at the end of the competition.

6.4 The doctor present at the competition is only responsible for conducting a medical examination at the request of a representative of the team participating in the competition, or at the request of the competitor

6.5 (221.3) Doping is prohibited. Any violation of the FIS Anti-Doping Rules will result in the appropriate penalty.

6.6 (221.4) Doping control may be carried out during any official All-Russian sports competition, as well as at any other time. See the FIS Anti-Doping Rules for a detailed description.

6.7 (221.6) Medical services to be provided by competition organizers
The main task of the organizers of the competition is to ensure the safety and health of all participants in the competition. This rule applies to athletes, volunteers, course workers and spectators.
Features of the organization of the health care system depend on several variables:
- the scale, level and type of competition being held, as well as local standards of medical care, geographical location and specific circumstances;
- the expected number of athletes, attendants and spectators;
- the amount of responsibility that is assigned to the medical organization serving the competition (athletes, attendants, spectators).
Prior to the start of official training or competition, the organizer/head of medical and rescue services must confirm to the competition director or technical delegate that all necessary life-saving equipment is available. If an accident occurs or circumstances arise that prevent the original medical plan from being followed, a backup life-saving equipment must be available until official training or competition resumes.

7 (222) Competitive inventory

7.1 New developments in the field of equipment, regulations for the use of new sports equipment and the verification procedure are carried out in accordance with paragraph 222 of the ICR.

7.2 The athlete is responsible for the equipment he uses (skis, poles, bindings, ski boots, uniforms, etc.). It is his personal responsibility to check that his inventory complies with general security requirements. The inventory must be correct.

7.3 (222.2) The term "competition equipment" means all items of equipment used by an athlete during competition, including clothing and technical equipment. A complete set of competition equipment is considered as a functional unit.

7.4 It is fundamentally prohibited to use artificial or unnatural aids that change the physical capabilities of an athlete, introduce technical adjustments to his movements, as well as the use of equipment that is potentially hazardous to health.

PART 2. ORGANIZATION

8 (211) Organizer

8.1 The organizer of a cross-country skiing competition is a person or a group of persons who carry out the necessary preparation and organization of the competition at the venue.

9 (301) Organizing Committee

9.1 The Organizing Committee (Organizing Committee) consists of persons (natural or legal) who are authorized by the organizer. They have all the rights and obligations of the organizers.

9.2 The organizing committee is created for holding competitions of the 1st and 2nd category. The organizing committee must respect the rights and obligations of the organizer.

9.3 The organizing committee includes, incl. chief referee of the competition and director of the competition.

10 (212) Insurance

10.1 (212.4) All competitors must be insured against accidents in an amount sufficient to cover the costs of possible accidents, transport and rescue, including during the competition. Each sports organization is responsible for insuring all of its athletes. A sports organization and its athletes are obliged at any time at the request of the Federation, its representative or the Organizing Committee to provide an insurance policy (original document). The insurance of participants in the competition must be provided at the expense of the sending organization from budgetary or non-budgetary sources in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

11 Regulations on competitions

11.1 Regulations on competitions are developed by the Organizing Committee and must comply with these Rules.

11.2 Regulations on competitions determine the procedure for organizing and holding competitions.

11.3 The regulation must state:
one). Competition status.
2). Place and dates of the competition.
3). Competition organizers.
four). Requirements for participants in competitions and conditions for their admission.
5). Competition program.
6). Summing up conditions.
7). Rewarding.
eight). The procedure for submitting applications for participation.
9). Financing conditions.

11.4 Regulations on competitions of the 1st category are sent to the participating organizations no later than the deadline set by the Federation.

11.5 At competitions of the 1st category, the Organizing Committee (if necessary), in agreement with the Federation and the federal executive body in the field of physical culture and sports, can make additions and changes to the Regulations, change the dates and venue of the competitions or cancel them, informing the participants in a timely manner and all interested parties.

12 (213, 214) Competition program and announcement

12.1 For each competition, its organizers must publish a program that includes the following items:
- dates and place of the competition, information about sports facilities and the route to them;
- technical information about the competition and conditions for its participants;
- the composition of the main panel of judges;
- the time and place of the first meeting of the team representatives and the draw;
- schedule of official trainings and starts;
- location of the official bulletin board;
- time and place of the award ceremony;
- the final date and time of filing an application for participation, as well as the address for sending applications, including telephone, fax, e-mail.

12.3 (214.3) In Category 1 competitions, all postponements, cancellations and other changes in the program of the competition, the organizers must agree with the Federation, and notify the TD and assistant TD. The postponement of the competition to an earlier date must be approved by the Federation. For all participating sports organizations, information on the postponement, cancellation and other changes of competitions is published on the website of the Federation.

13 (302) Competition officials
- Technical Delegate (appointed by the Federation),
- Assistant to the Technical Delegate (appointed by the Organizing Committee, in agreement with the Federation),
- Chairman of the Committee for the organization and conduct of competitions (appointed by the Federation).

14 Competition Judges

14.1 (302.1) Appointment of competition judges.

14.1.1 For competitions of the 1st category, the Committee for the organization and holding of competitions of the Federation appoints a Technical Delegate (TD), chief judge and chief secretary (in agreement with the organizing committee).
For other competitions, the chief judge and chief secretary are appointed by the organizing committee of sports competitions.

14.1.2 The chief referee of the competition is a member of the main panel of judges (MCC) and is responsible for the appointment of its members and all refereeing teams.

14.2 (302.2.1) Composition of the Ground Jury:
- main judge,
- Deputy ch. judges,
- chief secretary
- Deputy ch. secretary,
- Deputy ch. track judges,
- head of the timing and results processing service,
- senior judge.

14.3 A sports referee is an individual authorized by the organizer of a sports competition to ensure compliance with the rules of a sport and the regulations (regulations) on a sports competition, who has undergone special training and received the appropriate qualification category. Each of them performs only one job, all of them should be easily recognizable by clothing, armbands or badges. All judges must take their positions in time to allow sufficient time to check the readiness of the competition venues.

14.4 (302.3) Sports referees and their duties.

14.4.1 (302.3.1) The Chief Referee of the competition is responsible for all aspects of the competition and supervises the work of all sports referees. Leads a meeting of team representatives, is a member of the jury and is a member of the Organizing Committee. He must keep the TD informed of the progress of the preparations and of any possible changes, as well as provide course maps, course profiles, stadium plans, schedules, etc., to the Jury members prior to their arrival at the competition site.

14.4.2 (302.3.2) The chief competition secretary is accountable to the chief judge of the competition.
Responsible for all secretarial work related to the technical aspects of the competition and supervises:
 the work of the admission commission (checking the official application, whether the participants of the competition have an individual numerical code (for competitions of the 1st category), quotas for competitions with limited admission),
- organization of meetings of team representatives,
 publication of unofficial results and dissemination of official results,
 preparation and dissemination of information about the competition (invitations, messages for teams),
 preparation of documentation for the start, manual timing, control, competition results,
 keeps minutes of meetings of team representatives and jury meetings,
 accepts protests and sends them to the Jury.

14.4.3 (302.3.3) The Deputy Chief Course Judge is accountable to the Chief Judge of the competition. Responsible for the preparation (sealing of the course, marking, installation of fences) of the competition course, ski testing areas and warm-up courses, as well as the correct installation and safe placement of any commercial marketing boards and structures.
Must:
 know the homologation requirements of the course and have a copy of the homologated course certificate with you,
 know how to use the equipment for optimal preparation of the ski run in various snow conditions;
 properly prepare the ski run and maintain it in a satisfactory condition,
 prepare a ski testing area, a warm-up ski track,
 organize the installation of markings and fencing of the track, measuring the temperature of air and snow, first aid points and food points on the track, as well as the installation of equipment for fixing intermediate finishes,
 lead a group of ski track rentals to keep the track in optimal condition, and after the end of the competition, the last participant must send at least two rentals or controllers to close the track, or a special car.

14.4.4 (302.3.4) The head of the timing and results processing service is accountable to the chief referee of the competition. Responsible for managing and coordinating the work of the judges working in the timing area (starter, finish judge, finish controller, timekeepers with manual and electronic timers, intermediate results timekeepers and data processors). Together with the Chief Judge, he coordinates the location of the start and finish lines. Coordinates the location of points for measuring intermediate results. Manages data processing and provides information support to the media.

14.4.5 (302.3.5) The Chief Judge is accountable to the Chief Judge of the competition. Responsible for all activities carried out on the territory of the stadium: controls the passage of athletes to the start, ski marking, commercial marking, ski marking at the finish line, the passage of athletes after the finish line, assists anti-doping controllers. It ensures the marking of the track, the installation of fences and signs on the territory of the stadium, and also controls the preparation of tracks at the stadium, the correct installation and safe placement of any commercial marketing boards and structures in the stadium, the safe and well-marked passage of athletes to the start. The chief referee is responsible for ensuring that there is adequate space for athletes, coaches, equipment suppliers, anti-doping officials and medical personnel at the finish area, and for working closely with the media and ceremonies at the finish area. Coordinates the location of the start and finish lines with the head of the timing and results processing service, provides convenient access to the stadium for athletes, coaches, service personnel and the media, prepares a mixed zone in the finish area.

14.5 Members of the organizing committee directly involved in the competition period

14.5.1 (302.3.6) The Chief of Competition Control, together with the Jury, is responsible for placing controllers in the appropriate places, for collecting all necessary information and control cards after the competition, and for reporting all incidents to the Jury.
At each checkpoint, the presence of two controllers is required. Athletes, coaches, team representatives and support staff should not be notified of their total number and location. All controllers record violations and the passage of participants in the competition. They may use video equipment. After the competition, controllers must report all violations of the rules to the head of control and security and must be ready to testify to the Jury.

14.5.2 The head of the competition security service is responsible for ensuring the security of the competition, access to the ski run, stadium and team training areas.

14.5.3 (302.3.7) The Media Information Officer ensures optimum working conditions for the media, equipment vendors and competition officials in the media areas. This includes responsibility for placement, installation of signs in the mixed zone. This includes the arrangement of a mixed zone, the accommodation of photographers, journalists and commentators. Premises for press conferences and appropriate media infrastructure should also be provided. He is also responsible for the access of representatives of the press, radio and TV to the information that should be provided to them.

14.5.4 (302.3.8) The Head of Medical and Rescue Services is responsible for organizing first aid and all medical services at the competition, as well as for the rapid transport of patients to the nearest medical facility.
The medical and rescue service must operate as usual and during training.
Medical requirements are detailed in Chapter 1 of the FIS Medical Handbook containing the Medical Rules and Recommendations.

15 (303) Jury and its duties

15.1 (303.1) Composition of the jury in competitions of the 1st category:
- Technical Delegate (Chairman of the Jury);
- chief referee of the competition;
- assistant technical delegate.
Note. For competitions of the 2nd and 3rd categories, the jury may have the following composition: chief referee of the competition, deputy. chief referee on tracks, senior referee.

15.2 (303.2) Technical Delegate (TD)

15.2.1 (303.2.1) Authority
The TD is sent by the Federation to the host organization and is the guarantee that the competition will be conducted in accordance with these rules.
The TD must hold a valid TD license and is responsible for the organization of the Jury.

15.2.2 (303.2.2) Assignment

15.2.2.1 For all official All-Russian sports competitions, the TD is appointed by the Committee for the organization and holding of competitions of the Federation. The TD must not be a representative of the regional branch of the Federation or the accredited regional sports federation of cross-country skiing on whose territory the competition is held.

15.3 (303.3) Duties of the Jury

15.3.1 (303.3.1) The Jury must ensure that the competition is organized and conducted in accordance with these rules. The Jury begins to perform its duties from the moment of appointment and ends their performance when decisions are made on protests from the last competition and the official results are announced. The first meeting of the Jury must take place before the first official practice.

15.3.2 (303.3.2) The Jury must consider and make the following decisions:
- postponement, interruption or cancellation of the competition;
- adjustments to the competition courses (if necessary) must be made with safety in mind. Additional safety measures (fences, protective materials, etc.) must be installed along the route;
- acceptance of late applications and replacements;
- acceptance of protests and announcement of sanctions or disqualification;
- application of sanctions to an athlete or coach;
- changes in the starting order or type of start in special cases;
- all issues not covered in these rules.

15.3.3 (303.3.3) At the venue of the competition, especially during official practice and competition, Jury members have the authority to issue verbal warnings and revoke accreditation for the current competition.

15.3.4 (303.3.4) Jury decisions are made by majority vote. In case of equality of votes, the Chairman of the Jury has the casting vote.

15.4 (303.4) Duties of the Jury before and during the competition

15.4.1 (303.4.1) All Jury members must arrive at the venue of the competition two (2) days prior to the start of the competition to check that the venue is ready for official training and competition and make any necessary adjustments.
The TD is responsible for the performance of the duties of the Jury members and allocates tasks among them according to their level of competence and experience.
The Jury members must be fit and able to ski the course in order to judge her level of performance.

15.4.2 (303.4.2) Prior to arriving at the competition site, the Jury must have:
- competition program;
- plans of ski tracks and stadium;
- information about snow conditions, contingency plans (in case of bad snow conditions).

15.4.3 Before the start of the competition, at the venue, the Jury must check:
- Ski slopes: homologation certificate, quality of preparation (snow conditions, piste preparation and equipment, availability of distributors, plans for extreme weather conditions), route markings, safety measures, coaching and non-coaching areas, food points, access routes for snowmobiles.
- Team area: lubrication rooms, ski testing area, warm-up tracks.
- Stadium: detailed diagrams, markings, fences, information boards and signs.
- Medical care: first aid stations, evacuation plans, means of transporting victims (snowmobile with sled, ambulance car), doping control (premises, accompanying persons).
- Accommodation of teams: Distance from the competition site to the accommodation, organization and quality of meals.
- Competition office: location, organization, equipment, opening hours, information for teams, forms, lists (valid lists of competition points, ratings, written warnings), entries (confirmation of eligibility to participate in competitions, admissions and quotas, RUS codes, group formation, if applicable).
- Team officials meeting: Venue, schedule, room equipment, refreshments, agenda, presentation, information for teams, trial draw (if applicable).
- Timing: start and finish procedures, photo finish, main timing device, auxiliary timing device, data processing, content and format of start protocols, content and format of competition results protocols, data transmission to the Federation in the established format.
- Competition control: track control points, vehicle control, equipment, video and photo viewing area, procedures, ski markings (if applicable).
- Jury: room for work, identification, means of communication.
- Ceremonies: schedule, awarding prizes, protocol.
- Media (if applicable): press room, media information, press conferences.
- Security: accreditation system, identification, access points and access control.
- Transport services and parking.

15.4.4 (303.4.4) Duties of the Jury during the Competition:
- All Jury members must arrive at the competition site well in advance (2 hours before the first start).
- They have to make sure that the competition starts as scheduled.
- If necessary, make changes to the warm-up and ski testing procedures on the track.
- The Jury members must decide on the need to re-prepare the course, change the schedule of the distributors.
- Informing the teams about the decisions of the Jury.
- Monitoring of the competition.
- Decision-making regarding all violations of these rules (including paragraph 3 of the PSG) and late starts (if the late start was caused by force majeure).
- Deciding on submitted protests.
- Documentation of the decisions of the Jury with evidence to be used in the event of an appeal.
- Checking the timing and record of results, calculation of the race penalty, announcement of the official results.
- The Jury members must ensure that the official results are published on the Federation website.
- The TD must prepare an appropriate report within 3 days after the competition

16 (304) Conditions for admission of TD and TD assistant
The conditions for ensuring the activities of the TD and the TD assistant are carried out in accordance with the Regulations of the Federation.

17 (305) Team representatives meeting

17.1 (305.1) Procedure

17.1.1 (305.1.1) Before each competition there is a meeting of team representatives. It must be held the day before the start of the competition.

17.1.2 (305.1.2; 216.1) The time and place of the first and subsequent meetings of the team representatives, as well as the draws, must be indicated in the Competition Program. The Jury members determine how many representatives from each participating team and how many accredited officials may attend the team representatives' meeting. At the first meeting, team representatives are invited to all subsequent meetings. Extraordinary meetings must be announced in advance.

17.1.3 (305.1.5) The meeting of team representatives is presided over by the Chief Referee of the competition.

17.1.4 (216.3) Team representatives and coaches must be accredited by the organizers in accordance with the current quotas.

17.1.5 (216.2) During discussions at meetings of representatives, it is prohibited to replace a representative with a representative of another subject of the Russian Federation.

17.1.6 (216.4) Team officials and coaches must abide by these rules, the decisions of the Jury and conduct themselves in a proper and ethical manner.

17.1.7 (305.1.6) During a meeting, team representatives may, by majority vote, make recommendations to the Jury. Each team has 1 vote.

17.1.8 (305.1.7) If necessary, the Jury may adjourn the meeting to make a decision on the recommendations and announce a decision and then continue the meeting (CAP 15.3.2).

17.2 (305.2) Meeting agenda

17.2.1 (305.2.1) A written agenda must be presented to the team representatives' meeting. It is prepared by the chief secretary of the competition together with the chief judge of the competition and the Jury.

17.2.2 (305.2.2) For all competitions, the agenda consists of the following items:
- roll call;
- introduction of members of the Organizing Committee;
- introduction of the Jury;
- weather forecast;
- checking the lists of participants and grouping athletes;
- drawing of lots or the procedure for the formation of the starting protocol for the competition points;
- description of the stadium (access, ski markings (if applicable), start, finish, handover area, changing tents, exit, etc.);
- description of the course (access, profile, location of food and timing points for intermediate segments, safety issues, course markings, etc.);
- preparation of the route;
- time, place and rules of ski testing;
- time and tracks for training / warm-up;
- general information from the TD;
- general information from the organizer.

17.2.3 (305.2.3) Minutes must be kept of the meeting of the team representatives, which reflects all the topics of discussion, proposals made and decisions made by the Jury.

PART 3. CROSS-CROSS COMPETITION

18 (310) Formats and competition programs

18.1 (310.1) Table of distances and course lengths

Race format	Distance (km)	Track length (km)
Time Trial Racing	3, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50	2.5, 3.3, 3.75, 5, 7.5, 8.3, 10, 12.5, 15, 16.7
Mass start racing	10, 15, 30, 50	2.5, 3.3, 3.75, 5, 7.5, 8.3, 10, 12.5; 16,6
Mass competitions	Without Borders	Without Borders
Skiathlon	5+5; 7,5+7,5; 10+10; 15+15	2,5; 3,3; 3,75; 5, 7,5; 10
Pursuit (part 2)	5, 7.5, 10, 15	2.5, 3.3, 3.75, 5, 7.5, 10
Relays (3-4 participants per team)	2.5, 3.3, 5, 7.5, 10	2.5, 3.3, 3.75, 5
Individual sprint (men)	1 – 1,8	0,5 – 1,8
Individual sprint (women)	0,8 – 1,6	0,4 – 1,6
Team sprint relay (men)	2x (3-6) x 1 - 1.8	0,5 – 1,8
Team sprint relay (women)	2x(3-6) x 0.8 - 1.6	0,4 – 1,6

Note: Ski track - a specially prepared area of area with a width of at least 3 meters for the passage of special snow-compacting machines of the Ratrak type, for compacting snow and laying ski tracks; distance - the distance on the tracks, due to these rules. This table is valid for arranging multi-lap races, but if a short course with many laps is chosen, the total distance, type of start and track width must be taken into account. Individual and team sprint competitions may take place over one or more laps.

18.2 (310.2) Definition of competitive styles

18.2.1 (310.2.1) Classic style

18.2.1.1 (310.2.1.1) Classical style refers to the techniques of alternate and simultaneous moves, herringbone technique without sliding phase, descent and turning techniques.

18.2.1.2 (310.2.1.2) Skating is not permitted.

18.2.1.3 (310.2.1.3) Turning techniques include steps and pushes (push) to change direction. Where there is a cut track, the skating takeoff turning technique is prohibited. The same rule applies to athletes going on a turn outside the cut track.

18.2.2 (310.2.2) Free style. Freestyle includes all the techniques of cross-country skiing.

18.3 Competition program of the Championship of Russia (CR):

where C (classic) - classic style, F (freestyle) - free style.
Note: The competitive style of the Czech Republic is determined annually.
When compiling a program, the factor of television broadcasts is most important.
Skiathlon is always held first in the classical and then in the free style.
Relay races consist of 2 legs in classical style, then 2 legs in free style.

18.4 (310.3.3) Program of the Cup of Russia (KR). The Russian Cup program for the competitive season is determined annually by the Federation. The program is based on competitions of the same formats and distances as in the CR program. Distances and style are determined annually. In order to further develop cross-country skiing, trial (new) formats of competitions may be part of the program of the Kyrgyz Republic. Long-distance competitions may also be included.

18.5 (310.3.4) Russian Championship Program (PR)

18.5.1 Juniors and juniors 21 - 23 years old

18.5.2 Juniors and juniors 19 - 20 years old

*- the competitive style in time trials, mass start and sprint races changes every year.

18.6 The participation of athletes in all-Russian competitions (ChR, Final of the Kyrgyz Republic, PR) is carried out in accordance with the approved admission of the Federation.

18.7 Competitions on the territory of the Russian Federation, including FIS competitions.
The distances and their format are determined in accordance with clause 18.1 of the CSLG:
A Pursuit may be organized on the same day or on different days with different competition styles, same or different distances.

19 (311) Tracks for cross-country skiing competitions

19.1 (311.1) General characteristics

19.1.1 (311.1.1) Cross-country skiing tracks must be laid out in such a way that they allow the evaluation of the technical, tactical and physical fitness of the athletes. The level of difficulty must correspond to the level of the competition, the age and qualification of the participants. The course should be laid out in the most natural way to avoid monotony, as well as have a hilly surface, uphill and downhill sections. Where possible, the route should pass through forest. The rhythm of the race should not be disturbed by a large number of sudden changes in direction or steep climbs. Downhill sections must be located so that the athletes can overtake each other. It is necessary that skiers with different speeds can simultaneously pass along the track without interfering with each other.

19.1.2 (311.1.2) Basic principle of cross-country skiing
- 1/3: climbs with an angle of 9 (1:1) to 18% (1:5.5) with a height difference of more than 10 meters, as well as several short climbs with a steepness of over 18%;
- 1/3: hilly rugged terrain, including short ascents and descents (with a height difference of 1 to 9 m).
- 1/3: Varied descents requiring different descent techniques.

19.1.3 (311.1.3) In FLGR and FIS Cross-country skiing competitions, the courses are used only in one direction as specified in the homologation certificates.

19.1.4 (311.1.4) A ski glide test area with test tracks for all participating teams must be located adjacent to the stadium. It should be located next to the ski preparation cabins and the warm-up track. Test tracks must be prepared to the same standards as the competition tracks.

19.1.5 (311.1.5) Warm-up courses must be located as close as possible to the stadium.

19.2 (311.2) Homologation

19.2.1 (311.2.1) All official All-Russian cross-country skiing competitions must be held on homologated tracks. Detailed information on the homologation procedure can be found in the Federation Cross-Country Course Homologation Manual.

19.2.2 (311.2.2) In competitions to promote skiing, courses that do not comply with the homologation standards may be used, provided that such courses have been approved by the Rules, Control and Homology Committee of the Federation.

19.2.3 (311.2.3) The organizer must provide copies of course maps and a homologation certificate to his TD. Maps should have a north arrow and a scale bar.

19.2.4 (311.2.4) Definitions

19.2.4.1 (311.2.4.1) HD (altitude difference) is the height difference between the highest and lowest points of the competition course.

19.2.4.2 (311.2.4.2) MC (Maximum Climb) - The ascent with the maximum vertical drop (largest ascent). The ascent may be interrupted by a section of hilly terrain, the length of which does not exceed 200 m (in length) or a descent with a height difference of not more than 10 m (in height).

19.2.4.3 (311.2.4.3) TC (sum of elevation changes) is the total sum of all climbs on a course.

19.2.5 (311.2.5) Cross-country skiing course standards. HD, TC and MC of homologated competition courses must comply with the following standards:

Route length	HD	MC	TC
Sprint (free style)	Max. 50 m	0-30 m	0-60 m
Sprint (classic style)	Max. 50 m	10-30 m	20-60 m
2.50 km	Max. 50 m	30-50 m	75-105 m
3.3 km	Max. 65 m	30-65 m	100-135 m
3.75 km	Max. 80 m	30-80 m	100-150 m
5 km	Max. 100 m	30-80 m	150-210 m
7.5 km	Max. 125 m	30-80 m	200-315 m
8.3 km	Max. 125 m	30-80 m	210-350 m
10 km	Max. 125 m	30-80 m	250-420 m
15 km	Max. 150 m	30-80 m	400-630 m
more than 15 km	Max. 150 m	30-80 m

19.2.6 (311.2.6) Path width categories.
The width of the tracks must comply with the following parameters:
Category A. The minimum width of the route: uphills - 3m, rough terrain - 3m, downhills - 3m. Usage: Time trial competition classic style.
Category B. The minimum width of the route: uphills - 4m, rough terrain - 4m, downhills - 4m. Usage: Time trials free style; relay race classic style
Category C. The minimum width of the route: uphills - 6m, rough terrain - 6m, downhills - 6m. Usage: Mass start competition classic style; Skiathlon classic part; Persuit classic style; Relay freestyle; Sprint classic style; Team sprint classic style.
Category D. The minimum width of the route: uphills - 9m, rough terrain - 7.5m, downhills - 6m. Usage: Mass start free style competitions; Skiathlon free part; Persuit free style; Sprint freestyle; Team sprint freestyle.
Category E. The minimum width of the route: climbs - 12m, rough terrain - 9m, descents - 9m. Usage: Skiathlon (both styles on the same track).

19.2.6.1 You can use a lower category of tracks for competitions of the 2nd and 3rd category. The number and level of participants must be taken into account.

19.2.7 (311.2.7) In All-Russian competitions, the highest point of the cross-country skiing course must not exceed 1800 m (a.s.l.).

19.3 (311.3) Course preparation

19.3.1 (311.3.1) Course preparation before the start of the competition season

The trails must be ready before winter so that they can be driven even with a thin snow cover. Stones, roots, bushes, stumps and similar obstacles must be removed. Sections of the course with drainage systems must be corrected. Summer preparations must take into account the standards to which the competition is held with a snow thickness of approximately 30 cm.

19.3.2 (311.3.2) Basic Competition Preparations

19.3.2.1 (311.3.2.1) The course must be fully prepared using mechanical equipment. To prepare the competition course of the 1st category, a snow-compacting machine (of the “Ratrak” type) is used, it must follow the natural terrain in order to maintain the ruggedness of the terrain.

19.3.2.2 (311.3.2.2) The width of the course must be in accordance with the format of the competition and the Homologation Guidelines. The course must be prepared so that the athletes can move freely. Sections of slopes where the course ascends or descends in a zigzag pattern should be wide enough to allow good preparation.

19.3.2.3 (311.3.2.3) The runs and the warm-up track must be fully prepared before the official practice, well marked and marked with kilometer marks.

19.3.2.4 (311.3.2.4) It is essential that all athletes are on an equal footing during the competition. If it snows or strong winds blow, a sufficient number of qualified ski-rollers and/or specially equipped patrols must be used to ensure a level playing field. For such cases, a plan of action must be prepared with the Jury.

19.3.2.5 (311.3.2.5) All artificial methods of improving the glide properties of snow are prohibited. In special cases, the use of chemicals is allowed to prevent the soft condition of the snow surface.

19.3.3 (311.3.3) Preparing Courses for Classic.

19.3.3.1 (311.3.3.1) The number of tracks is determined by the Jury according to the length, width, course profile, competition format and the number of competitors (see section B of the PSL).

19.3.3.2 (311.3.3.2) The track must be laid out along the entire competition course in an optimal trajectory. The track is laid in the middle of the track, with the exception of turns.

19.3.3.3 (311.3.3.3) On turns, the track is laid only if the skis will slide on it unhindered. Where the turns are very tight and the speed may be too high to keep on the track, the track does not cut through. On turns, the track must be located close to the fence to avoid the possibility of passing between the track and the fence.

19.3.3.4 (311.3.3.4) The ability of the best athletes and their highest possible speed must be taken into account in making course and track preparation decisions.

19.3.3.5 (311.3.3.5) The track must be prepared in such a way that it is possible to steer and slide the skis without the effect of lateral braking by any part of the binding. The distance between the left and right tracks should be 17 - 30 cm, measured from the middle of each track. The track depth should be 2 - 5 cm even on hard or frozen snow.

19.3.3.6 (311.3.3.6) If two or more tracks are used, the distance between them must be at least 1.2 m, measured from the middle of each track.

19.3.4 (311.3.4) Preparing Courses for Freestyle

19.3.4.1 (311.3.4.1) The course must be well prepared throughout. The width of the course must be in accordance with the format of the competition (see section B of the CRS).

19.3.4.2 (311.3.4.2) The location and nature of the pistes on the slopes is determined by the Jury.

19.4 (311.4) Marking the course

19.4.1 (311.4.1) The markings on the course must be such that the competitor is in no doubt as to where the course is going. For CR competitions, the colors of the markings must be specified in the course description.

19.4.2 (311.4.2) Kilometer marks must represent the total distance traveled on the course, with each kilometer marked.

19.4.3 (311.4.3) Forks and junctions on the course must be clearly marked and unused parts of the course must be fenced off or V-boarded.

19.5 (311.5) Food outlets

19.5.1 (311.5.1) The Organizing Committee must provide at least one food service (in the finish area).

19.5.2 (311.5.2) The Jury determines the locations of food stations on the competition course, as well as possible restrictions.

19.6 (311.6) Track protection

19.6.1 (311.6.1) In the CR, the tracks must be fenced off on both sides in all places where spectators can interfere with the athletes.

19.7 (311.7) Training and course review

19.7.1 (311.7.1) Competitors, coaches, team representatives and support staff must be given the opportunity to practice and learn the course under conditions similar to those of the competition. If possible, access to the course must be granted two days before the competition. The Jury may close the course or allow it to be used only in certain areas or during certain hours.

20 (312) Cross-country skiing stadium

20.1 (312.1) Stadium area

20.1.1 (312.1.1) A cross country stadium must be prepared with well designed start and finish areas.

20.1.2 (312.1.2) The stadium must be a single functional facility, divided and controlled where necessary by gates, fences and marked areas. It must be prepared in such a way that:
- athletes could pass through it several times;
- athletes, team representatives and attendants, media representatives, spectators could easily get to their seats;
- there was enough space for competitions of all formats.

20.2 (312.2) Start area

20.2.1 (312.2.1) The first 50 meters are the starting area. This zone can be divided into corridors. The number, width and length of the corridors are determined by the Jury in accordance with the format of the competition (see section B of the CLG) and the stadium plan.

20.2.2 (312.2.2) Starting positions are also determined according to the format of the competition (see section B of the CLSP).

20.3 (312.3) Finish area

20.3.1 (312.3.1) The last 50-100 meters must be straight, which is the finish area divided into corridors. The corridors must be clearly marked and clearly visible, the markings must not interfere with the movement of athletes. The number, width and length of the corridors are determined by the Jury in accordance with the format of the competition (see section B of the CLG) and the stadium plan.

20.3.2 (312.3.2) The finish line must be clearly marked with a colored line. The width of the finish line should not exceed 10 cm.

20.3.3 (312.3.3) The control line is located 10-15 meters from the finish line. Athletes are not allowed to take off their skis before crossing the control line (CSL 2.5). Appropriate violations are reported to the Jury.

20.4 (312.4) Transfer zone

20.4.1 (312.4.1) In team competitions, the handover zone must be sufficiently wide and long; it must be clearly marked and placed on a level or slightly raised surface within the stadium.

20.4.2 (312.4.2) The size of this area (length and width) must be in accordance with the format of the competition (see also section B of the CLSP).

20.5 (312.5) Pit boxes

20.5.1 (312.5) If changing skis is permitted, the pit box area must be organized in such a way that there are separate boxes for all competitors, marked with the athlete’s serial number on them, and also that athletes do not interfere with each other when they leave this area . A bypass corridor should be provided so that athletes who do not need to change skis in their pit boxes can bypass this area in the shortest possible distance.

20.6 (312.6) Operating conditions

20.6.1 (312.6.1) Competition officials, Jury members, coaches, media and support staff must have appropriate areas to work within the stadium grounds. The access of these persons to the stadium area must be controlled.

20.6.2 (312.6.2) The timing and scoring service must be located in a building (heated room) from where the start and finish areas are clearly visible.

20.6.3 (312.6.3) In Category 1 competitions, Federation Officials and Jury members must have a work area in the immediate vicinity of the stadium, from where the stadium can be clearly seen.

20.6.4 (312.6.4) A heated room near the stadium must be prepared for the medical station.

20.7 (312.7) Additional objects

20.7.1 (312.7.1) At Category 1 competitions, supervised (fenced or directly supervised) team training areas with ski lubrication booths must be located in the immediate vicinity of the stadium. Lubrication booths must be heated and well ventilated with air exchangers.

20.7.2 (312.7.2) Toilets must be provided near the stadium for athletes. They must be easily accessible from the starting area.

20.8 (312.8) Means of presenting current information

20.8.1 (312.8.1) There must be a bulletin board near the stadium and oil booths showing the results of the competition, important information from the Organizing Committee and the Jury, as well as snow and air temperature. Temperature readings must be displayed 2 hours before the start, one hour before the start, half an hour before the start, during the start, half an hour after the start and one hour after the start.

20.8.2 (312.8.2) Temperature measurements must be taken within the grounds of the stadium and at points on the course where extreme temperatures are observed (low, high and open areas).

20.8.3 (312.8.3) Loudspeakers must be used to announce important information in the competition.

20.8.4 Electronic scoreboards must be used to display intermediate and unofficial results.

20.9 Additional terms.

20.9.1 To serve the competitions, the administration of the rented sports facility organizes a commandant's service.

20.9.2 The management of the sports facility signs an act on the readiness of the sports facility for competitions, on ensuring public order and security for athletes, judges, spectators and other persons located in the area of the sports facility during the competition.

21 (313) Applications for participation in competitions

21.1 (215) Official and technical entries for participation in competitions

21.1.1 Official entries

21.1.1.1 (215.1) A complete and final list of participants in the competition is submitted to the Organizing Committee no later than 24 hours before the start of the first draw.

21.1.1.2 (215.2) It is prohibited to enter one athlete in more than one competition during the day.

21.1.1.3 The procedure for filing applications for all-Russian competitions is determined by the competition regulations approved by the Federation.

21.1.1.4 The official application is submitted by the representative of the team.

21.1.1.5 The official application for participation in competitions is filled in on the form approved by the Federation (see Appendix 1).

21.1.1.6 (313.2.1) Official entries and lists of competitors divided into groups (if used) must be received and checked by the Competition Secretary no later than the set time. Closing time for official applications and lists of participants, approved by GSK.

21.1.1.7 (215.3.1) Each official entry must contain: FIS/RUS code (for competitions of the 1st category), last name, first name, day, month, year of birth, participant's belonging to a subject of the Russian Federation (municipal formation, sports school, etc.). etc.), personal admission of a doctor, seal of a medical institution, seal of a sending organization.

21.1.2 Technical applications

21.1.2.1 The organizers of the competition are obliged to provide the technical application form (see Annex 2) to the representatives of the teams indicating the disciplines in accordance with the competition program.

21.1.2.2 Technical applications must be received and verified by the competition secretary no later than 2 hours before the start of the meeting of team representatives.

21.1.2.3 The technical application must contain: FIS / RUS code (for competitions of the 1st category), last name, first name, gender, list of sports disciplines, start group.

21.1.2.4 (313.2.2) If the grouping method is used to determine the starting order, then the competition secretary will follow the group number indicated on the technical entry when assigning competitors to groups.

21.1.2.5 If the technical application does not indicate the division of participants into groups, the competition secretary will use the order available in the technical application.

21.1.2.6 (313.2.3) If the starting order is determined on the basis of competition points, the competition secretary must take into account the value of the points of the competitors in the current List.

21.2 (313.3) Late bids

21.2.1 (313.3.1) Late entries may be accepted by the Jury before the start of the draw.

21.2.2 (313.3.2) Late entries will not be accepted after the draw.

21.3 (313.4) Substitution

21.3.1 (313.4.1) After the draw has taken place, a competitor can only be replaced if he is unable to start due to force majeure (injury, illness, etc.) and if the Jury authorizes the replacement. The physical condition of the athlete must be confirmed by a doctor, after which it must be reported to the Jury at least 2 hours before the start.

21.3.2 (313.4.2) If an accident occurs during the warm-up, the Jury may authorize a substitution at a later date than 2 hours before the start, if such an accident has been reported in time and confirmed by the head of the medical and rescue service of the Organizing Committee.

21.3.3 (313.4.3) If an Athlete who has been substituted is selected to undergo Doping Control, he must pass the same as the substituted Athlete. If the athlete who has been replaced has a positive sample, the substitution is not allowed.

21.3.4 (313.4.4) The Starting Positions of the Substitute Athlete are also determined according to the Competition Format (See Section B of the SRBC Competition Formats).

21.3.5 (313.4.5) Team officials must report no later than 30 minutes before the start of those competitors listed on the start list who are unable to start due to injury or other reasons. Participants who have been selected for doping control must pass it.

21.4 (313.5) Grouping

21.4.1 (313.5.1) If the grouping method is used to determine the starting order, the team official must evenly allocate the competitors to the groups. This must be done no later than 2 hours before the draw. If the team representative enters more athletes than groups, he will allocate additional athletes to groups, one per group, at his discretion. This rule also applies to teams with fewer participants than the number of groups.

21.4.2 (313.5.2) If the number of competitors is 20 or less, only two groups, I and II, are used. If the number of participants is between 21 and 40, groups I, II, III are used. If the number of participants is more than 40, all 4 groups are used.

22 (314) Starting order

22.1 (314.1) Principles

22.1.1 (314.1.1) The start list may be formed based on the draw, points system, ranking points, places in the standings of a multi-stage competition, qualification system and other methods.

22.2 (314.2) Draw

22.2.1 (217.1) The starting order of competitors for each competition and each discipline is determined by a special formula by means of a draw, the number of current ranking points, and/or the current list of competition points of the Federation.

22.2.2 (217.2) Athletes shall participate in the draw for which entries submitted by team representatives in writing have been received by the competition organizer before the deadline for submission of entries.

22.2.3 (217.3) If an Athlete is not represented at the Draw by a Team Representative or Coach, he will participate in the Draw provided it is confirmed by telephone, telegram, e-mail, telefax prior to the start of the meeting that the Athletes who have been nominated will take part. in competition.

22.2.4 (217.4) If the Drawn Athlete is not present at the Competition, the TD must include this information in his report, stating, if possible, the reason for the absence.

22.2.5 (217.5) Representatives of all teams participating in the competition must be invited to the draw. In some cases, the drawing of lots is possible under the supervision of the Jury.

22.2.6 (217.6) If the competition is rescheduled, the draw must be made again.

22.2.7 (314.2.1) The draw may be carried out manually and using a computer.

22.2.8 (314.2.2) The drawing of lots is carried out according to the method of double random selection.

22.2.9 (314.2.3) When groups are formed, the starting numbers within each group are determined by lottery. The starting order of the groups is as follows: I, II, III and IV. The distribution of competitors in groups cannot be changed during the draw.

22.3 (314.3) Manual Draw

22.3.1 The draw by hand is carried out in groups using cards, by random selection.

22.4 (314.4) Computer Draw

22.4.1 (314.4.1) The correctness of the draw using a computer must be controlled by a member of the Jury.

22.4.2 (314.4.2) This method requires the names and groups of athletes to be entered into a computer. The program provides at least four stages of displaying information on the monitor.
1. A list of participants with their serial numbers within the group is displayed on the monitor.
2. The name of the participant is displayed on the monitor, which is randomly selected by the computer.
3. The computer randomly selects the competitor's starting number. Now the monitor displays the name of the participant and his start number.
4. The monitor displays the start protocol, in which this participant is included.

22.5 (314.5) Determining the starting order using the points system

22.5.1 (314.5.1) Competitors may be grouped on the basis of competition points, current sprint list or distance list.

22.5.2 (314.5.2) The regulations and scheme for calculating RUS points, to determine the valid sheets, are located on the website of the Federation.

22.6 (314.6) "Red Group"

22.6.1 (314.6.1) The "Red Group" is an exception. It includes the best athletes taking part in the competition. The "Red Group" is determined based on the performance of the athlete or the Federation's current rating or current rating in multi-stage competitions.

22.6.2 (314.6.2) The "Red Group" consists of:
"main age" - 30 best men, - 30 best women;
"juniors and juniors" 21-23 years old - 20 best juniors, - 20 best juniors;
"juniors and juniors" 19-20 years old - 20 best juniors, - 20 best juniors;
"boys and girls" - 20 best boys, - 20 best,
in the current ratings of the Federation (distance and sprint).
Athletes from this list cannot be replaced by others during the competition. After each competition, new current ratings are formed, valid for the next competition. Athletes who stop competing before the start of the competitive season are removed from the rankings and replaced by others in order.

22.6.3 (314.6.3) All competitors included in a "Red Group" must start in that group.

22.6.4 (314.6.4) The starting position of the "Red Group" is determined by the Jury depending on the format of the competition in accordance with the rules of the specific competition. The "Red Group" starts from the most advantageous positions.

22.7 (314.7) Bib numbers (start numbers)

22.7.1 (314.7.1) Design.
Start numbers must be clearly visible both from the back and from the front. They should not interfere with the athlete. The size, shape, and attachment method cannot be changed.
Ensuring the supply of quality numbers is the responsibility of the organizer. The start numbers used in the Sprint, Handicap and Mass Start races must additionally appear under both arms of the athletes. Additional numbers can be used in other types of competitions.

22.7.2 (314.7.2) Leg numbers

22.7.2.1 (314.7.2.1) In Mass Start, Skiathlon, Pursuit, Individual Sprint competitions, serial numbers must be attached to the competitor's foot closest to the camera at the finish line.

22.7.2.2 (314.7.2.2) In the Team Sprint and Relay events, serial numbers must be affixed to the finishing athlete's foot, which is closest to the camera placed at the finish line.

23 (315) Start procedure

23.1 (315.1) Types of starts

23.1.1 (315.1.1) In sports competitions, the following types of starts are used: individual start, mass start, handicap start and race start.

23.2 (315.2) Time Trial Procedure

23.2.1 (315.2.1) Time Trials use half-minute intervals and 15-second intervals for the sprint qualifying heat. The Jury may approve the use of shorter or longer intervals.

23.2.2 (315.2.2) Five seconds before the start, the countdown begins: "5-4-3-2-1", followed by the start signal "March". The command is given by voice or by means of an audio signal. If electronic timing devices are used, an electronic signal sounds at the same time as the start command. The start clock must be positioned so that the competitor can see it clearly.

23.2.3 (315.2.3) The athlete must place his feet behind the start line and remain motionless until the start command is given. The sticks must be stationary in front of the starting line and/or in front of the starting gate.

23.2.4 (315.2.4) An athlete may start at any time within 3 seconds before the start signal and 3 seconds after the start signal. If he starts earlier than 3 seconds before the start signal, it is considered a false start. If an athlete starts later than 3 seconds after the start signal, this is considered a late start and the start time from the start list counts.

23.2.5 (315.2.5) An athlete who has delayed his start must not overlap with other starting athletes.

23.2.6 (315.2.6) If the Jury considers that the start delay is due to force majeure, the actual start time (when using both manual and electronic timing) may be taken into account.

23.3 (315.3) Mass start procedure

23.3.1 (315.3.1) The Mass Start is organized using an angled start line (in the form of an arrow). This means that the athlete with bib number 1 is in the most advantageous starting position, followed by the athlete with bib number 2, and so on. All participants are located at a certain distance from each other. The first number is in the middle position, the even numbers are on the right and the odd numbers are on the left. The numbering of the track is located on the right or in the middle.

23.3.2 (315.3.2) Start procedures for Mass Starts begin two minutes before the start signal. At this time, all athletes standing on the starting line are given instructions regarding the start. The last instruction for the athletes is to take their positions at the start, after which "one minute before the start" is announced. The next command is "30 seconds to start". When all athletes are frozen in their positions, the starting command, shot or signal is given.

23.4 (315.4) Handicap Start Procedure

23.4.1 (315.4.1) Starting order and intervals are determined by the results of the first competition or by the current ranking in multi-stage competitions. Tenths of a second are not taken into account when forming the start protocol.

23.4.2 (315.4.2) In order to avoid lapping athletes who start late or delaying the race time, the Jury may authorize a mass start or race start for late starting athletes. The Jury may also reduce the number of starting athletes.

23.4.3 (315.4.3) Under the handicap system, the starting time is kept without the use of an electronic start gate. A video camera must be used to record the entire start process so that the Jury can review it again.

23.4.4 (315.4.4) In order to guarantee an accurate start time, there must be a large electronic clock board in front of each start lane, which also displays the start number and start time of the competitor starting from that lane. The start must be prepared in such a way that two athletes or several athletes can start next to each other.

23.5 (315.5) Race start procedure

23.5.1 (315.5.1) The start area is bounded by the start line and the pre-start line parallel 1 meter in front of it.

23.5.2 (315.5.2) With the permission of the Jury, electronic and/or mechanical start gates may be used.

23.5.3 (315.5.3) During pre-start instructions and allocation of start lanes, athletes are on the pre-start line. After the command “To the start”, the athletes move to their places, to the starting line. At the command "Attention!" athletes must stop all movements and take a stationary position. Approximately 2-5 seconds after the “Attention!” command is given, when all athletes stop moving, the starter gives the starting signal, fires or makes the starting command “March”.

23.5.4 (315.5.4) The start procedure, where no start gate is used, follows the same rules as in the previous paragraph.

23.6 (315.6) Starter duties

23.6.1 (315.6.1) The Starter must ensure that all athletes start on time in accordance with the start protocol. An assistant is located next to the starter, who registers any violations at the start and their details.

23.7 (315.7) Consequences of a false start

23.7.1 (315.7.1) In a time trial or handicap start competition, an athlete who has committed a false start will not be returned to the starting line. All false starts must be reported to the Jury.

23.7.2 (315.7.2) In Mass Start or Heat Start competitions, in the event of a false start, the competition will restart. In this case, the starter gives a second signal (second shot), while his assistants must be at a sufficient distance ahead of the track to be able to return the athletes to the start.

23.8 (315.8) Ski marking

23.8.1 (315.8.1) The Jury decides whether ski markings are appropriate. For control purposes, both skis are marked before the start. The athlete must personally approach the official ski marking point, having previously put on his start number.

23.8.2 In all sprint competitions, ski markings are not used.

23.8.3 In the skiathlon, both pairs of skis must be marked before the start.

23.9 (315.9) Temperature
If the temperature at the coldest point of the course is below -20˚С (in the regions of the middle and southern strip of the Russian Federation) or -25˚С (in the northern and equivalent regions), the Jury must decide to postpone or cancel the competition. Under difficult weather conditions (eg strong wind, high air humidity, heavy snowfall, high temperature) the Jury may, after consultation with the team representatives and the head of the medical and rescue service of the competition, postpone or cancel the competition.

24 (316) Timing

24.1 (316.1) In Category 1 competitions, an electronic timing system must be used. Electronic timing is always backed up by manual timing and the results of the two systems are cross-checked.

24.2 (316.2) If the electronic timing fails temporarily, the manual timing system is used and the average time difference between the electronic and manual systems is corrected. If the electronic system fails completely or too frequently, manual timing is used for all athletes. The actual starting time must be used when scoring results obtained by manual timing.

24.3 (316.3) When manual timing is used, the finish time is recorded at the moment the competitor's foot in front crosses the finish line.

24.4 (316.4) Electronic timing.

24.4.1 (316.4.1) The following electronic timing technologies may be used to determine the official finish time:
- Electronic timing system based on photocells. The measuring point of the light barrier or photocell should be 25 cm above the snow surface.
- Electronic timing system based on transponders.
- Photo finish system. The measuring point is the toe of the boot that reaches the finish line first.

24.5 (316.5) If an athlete falls while crossing the finish line, his finishing time will be set in accordance with 24.3 or 24.4 of the FCL, provided that all parts of the athlete's body are beyond the finish line without assistance.

24.6 (316.6) Start and finish times must be recorded to the nearest 1/100 (0.01). The competitor's net time is calculated by subtracting the start time from the finish time. The final result of each skier is determined with an accuracy of 1/10 (0.1) by discarding hundredths of the net time. For example, the time 00:38:24.38 would become 00:38:24.3.

24.7 (316.7) Photo finish cameras must be installed in Category 1 competitions. For video control in the finish area, two video cameras are used. It is also recommended to additionally use a third video camera to shoot the starting numbers from behind.

24.8 (316.8) The finish judge must record the arrival of the athletes in the order in which they cross the finish line. After that, he passes the list to the head of the timing service.

24.9 It is forbidden to lay other (not related to the electronic timing system) electrical cables within ± 2 m from the finish line.

25 (317) results

25.1 (317.1) Scoring

25.1.1 (317.1.1) Results are obtained by calculating the difference between finish and start times. When conducting multi-stage competitions, the actual time, bonus seconds and penalties from each stage are summed up.

25.1.2 (317.1.2) If several athletes pass the photo finish at the same time, their arrival at the finish line is recorded in the order in which the toe of each athlete's front foot crossed the vertical plane of the finish line.

25.1.3 If the results of two athletes are the same, they must take the same place in the results list, while the athlete with the lower start number is placed first, the places after him are not taken.

25.2 (218, 317.2) Publication of results

25.2.1 (218.1) The unofficial and official results of each competition must be published in accordance with these Rules.

25.2.2 (218.1.1) Communication of results During the competition of the 1st category, there must be a direct link between timing and start, finish. The data center must have access to the Internet (at least an ADSL connection).

25.2.3 (218.2) All data and results of the competition may be used by the organizer, participants in their own publications, including websites. The use of data and results on websites is governed by the terms set out in the Federation Internet Policy (this document is available on the Federation website).

25.2.4 (317.2.1) Unofficial competition results must be published on the official information board as soon as possible, indicating the time of publication.

25.2.5 (317.2.2) The official score sheet must contain the final order of the athletes, their RUS/FIS codes, start numbers, their times, their split times, competition points (in Category 1 competitions) and Federation Ranking Points. The style of movement is also indicated; number of athletes; the names of those athletes who started but did not finish; the names of all disqualified athletes; technical features of the route; distance length; HD; MC; TC; weather conditions, temperature data; composition of the Jury. Samples can be obtained from the Federation website or from the Federation office.

25.2.6 (317.2.4) The TD and the Competition Secretary sign the official score sheet to certify that it is correct.

PART 4 COMPETITION FORMATS

26 (321) Time Trials

26.1 (321.1) Definition
In time trial competitions, all athletes start at their designated time.

26.2 (321.2) Tracks and stadium

26.3 (321.3) Applications - Substitutions

26.3.1 (321.3.1) Substitution is possible in accordance with clause 21.3 of the CSL.

26.3.2 (321.3.2) The starting position of the substitute athlete is determined by the Jury.

26.4 (321.4) Starting Order and Starting Procedure

26.4.1 (321.4.1) Time Trial Must Be Used (CSL 23.2)

26.5 (321.5) Timing and results

26.5.1 (321.5.1) If two competitors are on the same time, they must be placed in the same place on the results list, with the competitor with the lower start number listed first (CRS 5.2).

26.6 (321.6) Jury and protests

27 (322) Mass start competitions

27.1 (322.1) Definition
In mass start competitions, all athletes start at the same time, and the results are determined by the order of arrival at the finish line.

27.2 (322.2) Tracks and stadium

27.2.2 (322.2.2) The course must be free of sections where congestion of athletes may occur.

27.2.3 (322.2.3) If changing skis is permitted, the stadium must be organized in such a way that athletes who are about to change skis cover a longer distance than athletes who will not change skis.

27.3 (322.3) Entries - Substitutions

27.3.1 (322.3.1) Substitution is possible in accordance with clause 21.3 of the CSL.

27.3.2 (322.3.2) The starting position of the substitute athlete is determined by the Jury in accordance with the procedure for determining the start list. The starting position of the participant is located between the starting positions of the participants starting in front of him and after him.

27.3.3 (322.3.3) The competitor wears the start number of the competitor he is replacing.

27.3.4 (322.3.4) The original starting position is left empty.

27.4 (322.4) Starting Order and Starting Procedure

27.4.1 (322.4.1) The mass start procedure must be applied (CSL 23.3).

27.5 (322.5) Timing and results

27.5.1 (322.5.1) For laps behind athletes, CL 35.14 applies.

27.6 (322.6) Jury and protests
.

28 (323) Skiathlon

28.1 (323.1) Definition
A skiathlon is a mixed competition with a classic mass start in the first part of the competition, followed by a mandatory change of skis in the pit boxes at the stadium, followed by the second part of the freestyle competition.

28.2 (323.2) Tracks and stadium

28.2.2 (323.2.2) Pit box area

28.2.2.1 (323.2.2.1) In the equipment change pit area, running style is not controlled.

28.2.2.2 (323.2.2.2) The track along the pit boxes on the entry side must be at least 4 meters wide. The track along the boxes from the side of the exit must be at least 6 meters wide.

28.2.2.3 (323.2.2.3) Freestyle equipment must be placed in the appropriate box prior to the Mass Start. It is forbidden to put any other inventory in the boxes.

28.2.2.4 (323.2.2.4) The change of equipment is made by the athlete himself without outside help inside his pit box. Replaced equipment must be left in the pit box until the athlete has finished the competition.

28.2.2.5 (323.2.2.5) Coaches and support staff must leave the pit box area to change equipment no later than 5 minutes before the start.

28.3 (323.3) Entries - Substitutions

28.3.1 (323.3.1) Substitution is possible in accordance with clause 21.3 of the CSL.

28.3.2 (323.3.2) The starting position of the substitute athlete is determined by the Jury in accordance with the procedure for determining the start list. The starting position of the participant is located between the starting positions of the participants starting in front of him and after him.

28.3.3 (323.3.3) The competitor wears the start number of the competitor he is replacing.

28.3.4 (323.3.4) The original starting position is left empty.

28.4 (323.4) Starting Order and Starting Procedure

28.4.1 (323.4.1) The Mass Start procedure must be applied (CSL 23.3).

28.5 (323.5) Timing and results

28.5.1 (323.5.1) For lap-lag athletes, CSL 35.14 applies.

28.6 (323.6) Jury and protests
There are no special rules.

29 (324) Persuit

29.1 (324.1) Definition
The Pursuit is run as a mixed event, where the starting time of the athletes is determined by the results of the previous competitions, and the final results are determined by the order of arrival at the finish line in the last competition.

29.2 (324.2) Tracks and stadium

29.3 (324.3) Applications - Substitutions

29.3.1 (324.3.1) In accordance with the clause 21.3 of the CLSG, substitution is possible only up to the first part of the Pursuit.

29.4 (324.4) Starting Order and Starting Procedure

29.4.1 (324.4.1) A handicap starting procedure must be applied (CSL 23.4).

29.5 (324.5) Timing and results

29.5.1 (324.5.1) Persuit results are calculated by adding the final results (actual times) of the previous race without tenths of a second and the final results of the second race with tenths of a second. The position in the final protocol is determined by the order of finishing.

29.5.2 (324.5.2) For laps behind athletes, CL 35.14 applies.

29.5.3 (324.5.3) Depending on weather conditions, the Jury may postpone the start or cancel the competition. If the competition is cancelled, the results of the first part are considered final.

29.6 (324.6) Jury and protests
No special rules

30 (325) Individual sprint

30.1 (325.1) Definition
Individual sprint competitions begin with a qualification, which is held in the time trial format. After qualification, the selected athletes compete in the final part of the sprint, which takes place in the form of knockout races (sprint races).

30.2 (325.2) Tracks and stadium

30.2.2 (325.2.2) The same course must be used for the qualifying round and for the finals.

30.2.3 (325.2.3) Sections of the course must be long enough, straight and wide enough to allow overtaking.

30.3 (325.3) Entries - Substitutions

30.3.1 (325.3.1) Substitution is possible prior to qualification in accordance with CL 21.3.

30.3.2 (325.3.2) The starting position of the substitute athlete is determined by the Jury.

30.4 (325.4) Starting Order and Starting Procedure

30.4.1 (325.4.1) Qualification

30.4.1.1 (325.4.1.1) The separate start procedure must be applied (CSL 23.2). Start intervals can be 10, 15, 20 or 30 seconds.

30.4.1.2 (325.4.1.2) If athletes complete two laps, block starts may be used.

30.4.1.3 (325.4.1.3) If the qualifying times of the athletes qualifying for the quarter-finals are the same, they will be ranked according to their sprint competition points. In case of equal qualifying results, the maximum number of athletes selected for the final races does not change (30/24/16).

30.4.2 (325.4.2) Final heats (quarter-finals, semi-finals and finals).

30.4.2.1 (325.4.2.1) The starting procedure for races must be applied (CSL 23.5).

30.4.2.2 (325.4.2.2) In Category 1 races, Quarter-Finals, Semi-Finals and A-Final races are held. Bib numbers are issued anew from the first number. In other competitions, the heats are determined by the Jury, and a B final may also be added.

30.4.2.3 (325.4.2.3) Athletes' Starting Positions are determined as follows:
- Quarter-finals: qualifying time (place);
- Semi-finals: place in the quarter-finals and qualifying time;
- Finals: place in the semi-finals and qualifying time.

30.4.2.4 (325.4.2.4) Quarter-final races will be ranked according to qualification places. Distribution in subsequent races is also based on placings or results from previous races.

30.5 (325.5) Timing and results

30.5.1 (325.5.1) In Category 1 competitions in qualifying heats in the sprint and at the start of heats, the start and finish times are recorded to the nearest 1/1000 and the final result to the nearest 1/100. In other sprint competitions, timing to 1/100 is acceptable, but the final score must also be to 1/100.

30.5.2 (325.5.2) Qualification

30.5.2.1 (325.5.2.1) If the qualifying times of the athletes qualifying for the quarter-finals are the same, they will be ranked according to their sprint competition points. Athletes with the same qualifying time, who did not qualify for the final, occupy the same places.

30.5.3 (325.5.3) Finals

30.5.3.1 (325.5.3.1) Athletes who are tied in the quarter-finals or semi-finals (if there is no B-final) but do not advance to the next final will be placed on the results list according to their time in qualifying.

30.5.3.2 (325.5.3.2) For a sprint with 30 competitors in the quarter-finals, the score sheet shall be drawn up as follows:
Places from 31st to last: Qualifying results are used.
26th to 30th Places: The 6th place finishers in the Quarter-Finals are ranked according to their qualifying results.
21st to 25th Places: The 5th place finishers in the Quarter-Finals are ranked according to their qualifying results.
16th/17th to 20th Places: Quarter-final 4th place finishers ranked according to their qualifying performance (except those who qualified for the semi-finals).
13th to 15th/16th Places: Quarter-final 3rd place finishers who did not advance to the semi-finals are ranked according to their qualifying results.
7th to 12th places: distributed according to the order of finishing in final B; if a B final is not held, the athletes will be ranked according to their performance in the semi-finals and qualifications.
1st to 6th places: distributed according to finishing order in final A.

30.5.3.3 (325.5.3.3) In a sprint with 16 competitors in the quarter-finals, the results list is drawn up as follows:
Places from 17th to last: qualification results are used.
13th to 16th Places: The 4th place finishers in the Quarter-Finals are ranked according to their qualifying results.
9th to 12th Places: The 3rd place finishers in the Quarter-Finals are ranked according to their qualifying results.
5th to 8th places: distributed according to finishing order in final B.
1st to 4th places: distributed according to the finishing order in final A.
In sprint finals with a different number of participants, the same principle is used.

30.5.3.4 (325.5.3.4) In the event of a tie in a quarter-final or semi-final, the competitor with the best qualifying time is ranked higher. In case of the same time shown in Final A or Final B, the athletes shall take the same places in the results list.

30.5.3.5 (325.5.3.5) If an athlete does not start his heat or does not complete the entire course, he will be awarded the last place among all participants in the race: final, semi-final or quarter-final (place 6, 12, 30 or 4, 8, 16).

30.5.3.6 (325.5.3.6) If an athlete does not finish a race due to force majeure, he shall be placed last in that race.

30.6 (325.6) Jury and protests

30.6.1 (325.6.1) In Category 1 Sprints, a unanimous decision by at least three Jury members (including TDs) counts as a Jury decision.

30.6.2 (325.6.2) Due to the tight timetable for consecutive qualifying heats, protests during the quarter-finals and semi-finals will not be considered. Protests are considered only after the finals.
When holding quarter-finals and semi-finals, clause 38.7 of the PSLP does not apply.

31 (326) Team sprint

31.1 (326.1) Definition
The team sprint is held as a relay race with the participation of two athletes who alternately replace each other, running 3-6 laps each.

31.2 (326.2) Track and stadium

31.2.2 (326.2.2) Sections of the course must be long enough, straight and wide enough to allow overtaking.

31.2.3 (326.2.3) The ski preparation area must be adjacent to the changeover area. The jury determines the number of service personnel per team and regulates the use of lubrication tables.

31.3 (326.3) Entries - Substitutions

31.3.1 (326.3.1) No later than two hours before the meeting of team officials, the list of athletes taking part in the competition must be submitted to the organizer.

31.3.2 (326.3.2) Substitution is possible in accordance with clause 21.3 of the CSL.

31.3.3 (326.3.3) The substitute athlete must start on the same leg as the replaced athlete. The starting order in the team (by stages) cannot be changed.

31.3.4 (326.3.4) If the substitute athlete was included in another team, the team from which the substitution occurred is not allowed to start.

31.3.5 (326.3.5) In the event of a substitution, the team loses its starting position and starts from the end of the court. The starting order at the end of the court is the same as the original starting order. The original starting positions are left empty.

31.4 (326.4) Starting Order and Starting Procedure

31.4.1 (326.4.1) The Mass Start procedure must be applied (CSL 23.3).

31.4.2 (326.4.2) To qualify the teams for the finals in the team sprint competition, 2 semi-finals are held (for example: A and B). Teams are distributed to the semi-finals as follows:
- the best team in terms of the total number of points, participates in the semi-final A;
- the rest of the teams are distributed in subsequent pairs according to the points scored (for example, teams 2 and 3, teams 4 and 5, etc.) to the respective semi-finals.

31.4.3 (326.4.3) The number of teams in one semi-final heat cannot exceed 15. The number of teams in the final cannot exceed 10.

31.4.4 (326.4.4) The order of the semi-finals is determined by a draw.

31.4.5 (326.4.5) Starting Positions for Semi-Finals: The team with the fewest total sprint or distance points scored by team members will start number one. The team with the second lowest total starts at number 2, and so on. If several teams have an equal number of total points, the first team to start will be the one with the lowest number of points. If this is not enough to determine the starting order, a draw will be held.

31.4.6 (326.4.6) Qualification of teams to the final:
- if time is not fixed in the semi-finals, the top 5 teams from each semi-final advance to the final;
- if the time in the semi-finals is fixed, the 2 best teams from each heat, as well as the next 6 best teams from among the 3rd to 8th places with the best time, advance to the final.

31.4.7 (326.4.7) The starting positions for the finals are allocated based on the results of the semi-finals (place, then time).

31.5 (326.5) Timing and results

31.5.1 (326.5.1) In Category 1 competitions in the team semi-finals and finals in the sprint, the start and finish times are recorded to the nearest 1/1000, and the final result to the nearest 1/100. In other sprint competitions, timing to 1/100 is acceptable, but the final score must also be to 1/100.

31.5.2 (326.5.2) For laps behind athletes, CL 35.14 applies.

31.5.3 (326.5.3) The final results are published in accordance with the following rule.
In the final, the teams are placed on the results list according to their place.
If semi-final heats are used, the teams that did not qualify for the final are placed in the results list in the remaining places in parallel.
For example, if 5 teams from each semi-final qualify for the final, then the teams finishing 6th in each heat will be awarded 11th and 12th places according to their time in the semi-finals; teams hiring 7th in each heat will be awarded 13th and 14th places, and so on.

31.6 (326.6) Jury and protests

31.6.1 (326.6.1) In the Team Sprint Category 1 Competition, a unanimous decision by at least three Jury members (including TDs) counts as a Jury decision.

31.6.2 (326.6.2) Due to the tight timetable for consecutive qualifying heats, protests will not be considered during the semi-finals. Protests are considered only after the finals.

31.6.3 (326.6.3) For the semi-finals, clause 38.7 of the PSG does not apply.

32 (327) Relays

32.1 (327.1) Definition

32.1.1 (327.1.1) The team, according to the program, consists of three or four athletes, each of whom runs one stage. At competitions of the 1st category, the relay team consists of four athletes.

32.1.2 (327.1.2) In Category 1 competitions, the first two legs will be played in the classical style on the classic course and the next two legs in the free style on the freestyle course.

32.2 (327.2) Track and stadium

32.2.2 (327.2.2) The length of the first relay leg may differ from the other legs by +/- 5% depending on the layout of the stadium.

32.3 (327.3) Applications - Substitutions

32.3.1 (327.3.1) No later than two hours before the meeting of team representatives, the list of athletes participating in the competition must be submitted to the organizer.

32.3.2 (327.3.2) Substitution is possible in accordance with clause 21.3 of the CSL.

32.3.3 (327.3.3) When a competitor is replaced, the starting order cannot be changed.

32.3.4 (327.3.4) If the substitute athlete was included in another team, the team from which the substitution occurred is not allowed to start.

32.3.5 (327.3.5) This team's starting position on the starting grid remains the same.

32.4 (327.4) Starting Order and Starting Procedure

32.4.1 (327.4.1) The Mass Start procedure must be applied (CSL 23.3).

32.4.2 (327.4.2) Starting order.
At competitions of the 1st category, the starting order is determined on the basis of the places taken at previous competitions of the 1st category of a similar status. For those teams that do not have results in the specified competitions, a draw is held.

32.4.3 (327.4.4) Stages and colors of numbers.
In relay events, start numbers of different colors should be used. At competitions of the 1st category, colors are used: 1st stage: red; 2nd stage: green; 3rd stage: yellow, 4th stage: blue.

32.5 (327.5) Timing and results

32.5.1 (327.5.1) The time of each leg is recorded when the athlete crosses the pass line of the leg. This time is the starting time of the next athlete.

32.5.2 (327.5.2) The relay time of a team is the time from the start of the first athlete to the finish time of the last athlete. The order in which the athletes finish in the last leg of the relay determines their place in the final standings of the relay.

32.5.3 (327.5.3) For laps behind athletes, CL 35.14 applies.

32.6 (327.6) Jury and protests
No special rules

PART 5. COMPETITIONS AND PARTICIPANTS

33 (341) Requirements for athletes

33.1 (341.1) Age categories

33.1.1 (341.1.1) The competition year begins on 01 July and ends on 30 June of the following year.

33.1.2 (341.1.2) Women and men of general age must be at least 24 years of age during the calendar year (01.01 - 31.12). The right to participate in competitions comes into force with the beginning of the competitive season (for example, for 2014 from July 01, 2013 onwards).
Juniors and juniors 21-23 years old must be no older than 23 years old during the calendar year (01.01-31.12). Years of birth of juniors and juniors aged 21-23, starting from 2014
Juniors and juniors 19-20 years old must be no older than 20 years old during the calendar year (01.01-31.12).
A participant in the Russian Championship in cross-country skiing among juniors and juniors aged 19-20 must reach his 16th birthday before the end of the calendar year (from January 1 - December 31).

33.1.3 The division of participants into groups by age and gender:

Groups	Age, years	Recommended distance, km (W/M)
Young girls and boys	Up to 14	up to 5/7.5
Girls and boys of middle age	15 – 16	up to 10/15
Older girls and boys	17 – 18	until 15/30
Juniors and juniors	19 – 20	up to 30/50
Juniors and juniors	21 – 23	Without Borders
Women and men of basic age	24 and older	Without Borders

33.1.4 Girls and boys of younger, middle and older age, juniors and juniors 19-20 years old, juniors and juniors 21-23 years old can compete in sports competitions of older age groups at distances recommended for this group, unless otherwise agreed.

33.1.5 To participate in sports competitions among women and men of the main age (CR, KR and other sports competitions of the 1st category), the age of the participant must be at least 16 years old:
- until the end of the calendar year (01 January - 31 December):
- Czech Republic 2013/14, participant 1998 and older;
- Czech Republic 2014/15, participant 1999 and older;
- Czech Republic 2015/16, participant 2000 and older.

34 (205) Rights and obligations of participants in competitions

34.1 (205.1) Competitors must be familiar with and comply with these rules and any additional instructions from the Jury.

34.2 (205.2) Competitors are prohibited from doping (see FIS Anti-Doping Rules and Procedural Guidelines).

34.3 (205.3) Competitors have the right to report to the Jury their concerns regarding the safety of training and competition tracks.

34.4 (205.4) Athletes who are absent from the awards ceremony for no valid reason will forfeit their right to the prize. In exceptional cases, an athlete may be represented by another member of his team, but he is not entitled to take a place on the podium.

34.5 (205.5) Athletes must behave properly towards members of the Organizing Committee, competition officials, judges, volunteers, spectators and comply with the requirements of sports ethics.

35 (343) Responsibility of competitors

35.1 (343.1) In all situations during training and competition, athletes must behave with due care, taking into account the conditions of the course, visibility and the possibility of congestion of other competitors.

35.2 (343.2) In all training and competition situations, athletes must always ski in the direction of the competition course.

35.3 (343.3) Competitors must follow the specific instructions of the Jury or the Organizing Committee to ensure order on the course, stadium and team preparation area before, during and after the competition (course opening times, wearing bibs, training, ski testing, etc.). ).

35.4 (343.4) The competitor must arrive at the start and start at the scheduled time.

35.5 (343.5) Athletes are required to wear transponders or GPS devices if they are used in competition.

35.6 (343.6) Athletes must cover the entire marked course from start to finish, including all checkpoints.

35.6.1 (343.6.1) If an athlete has gone in the wrong direction or gone off the marked course, he must return to the point where the mistake was made. To do this, the athlete may move in the opposite direction from the correct direction of movement, while he is solely responsible for not interfering with the rest of the competitors and not endangering them. There are no penalties for making this mistake, provided that the athlete did not gain time / gain an advantage and did not interfere with other competitors.

35.7 (343.7) Athletes must cover the entire distance only on their own, on their skis. Leader assistance or pushing is prohibited.

35.8 (343.8) In Classical Competitions, athletes must use Classical Style only.

35.9 (343.9) Interference is prohibited in all competitions. Interference is considered to be intentional obstruction, blocking (when the athlete does not follow the optimal trajectory), hitting or pushing any competitor with any part of the body or ski equipment.

35.10 (343.10) Overtaking

35.10.1 (343.10.1) In time trial competitions, the overtaken athlete must yield the track on first demand.
The rule applies to classic style courses, even where there are two tracks, and on free style courses, when the athlete being overtaken is forced to limit his movements.

35.10.2 (343.10.2) In all other competitions, when overtaking, competitors must not interfere.
It is the responsibility of the overtaking athlete to overtake correctly without interference. The overtaking athlete must place the heels of his skis in front of the toes of the overtaken athlete before taking the desired track.

35.11 (343.11) In areas with marked lanes, competitors must choose a lane and move within it. The competitor is allowed to change lanes, adhering to 35.9 of the CLRS (with the exception of start lanes where competitors are not allowed to change lanes).

35.12 (343.11) Replacement of inventory

35.12.1 (343.12.1) Poles may be changed in all competitions.

35.12.2 (343.12.2) Skis may only be changed if:
- breakage or damage to skis or bindings. The fact of equipment damage must be proven by the Jury after the competition.
- at competitions, pit boxes for changing equipment should be provided.

35.12.3 (343.12.3) If a change of skis is required, the athlete must carry it out off the course without assistance.

35.12.4 (343.12.4) In long-distance races and in skiathlon, athletes are allowed to change skis in the pit boxes once or more. The maximum number of ski changes allowed is determined before the meeting of the team representatives. This number is determined by the length of the track and lap and should not exceed:
- 3 times in competitions with a track length of up to 30 km,
- 5 times in competitions with a track length of more than 30 km,
- 1 skiathlon.

35.12.5 (343.12.5) If pit boxes are provided for changing skis, then overtaking in the pit box area is only permitted on the far side of the pit box.

35.12.6 (343.12.6) Rubbing, scraping and cleaning skis during the competition is prohibited. Exception: in the classic style, athletes can clean their skis from snow and ice and lubricate them. Skiers are allowed to take tools or materials, clean and oil their skis only off the track and without outside help. It is forbidden to place equipment, tools and materials on or near the competition track.

35.13 (343.13) Transfer of relay

35.13.1 (343.13.1) In team competitions, the handover is made by touching with the hand of any part of the body of the starter of his team, while both athletes are in the handover zone. The athlete may only enter the transfer zone when called. Pushing the starting athlete in any form is prohibited.

35.14 (343.14) Lap delay

35.14.1 (343.14.1) In Pursuit, Skiathlon, Mass Start, Team Sprints and Relays, athletes or teams that are one lap behind or ordered by competition officials must retire from that competition. In all types of competitions, athletes or teams are indicated in the final protocol (excluding time) in accordance with the position they occupied on the track at the last intermediate timekeeping point.

35.14.2 (343.14.2) For Category 1 competitions, CLSG 35.14.1 applies.

35.14.3 (343.14.3) For other competitions, it is the Jury who decides whether to apply 35.14.1 of the CML.

35.14 (343.14) It is prohibited to use wireless devices for communication between coaches and athletes or between athletes.

35.15 (343.15) The athlete must obey the instructions of the competition officials.

35.16 (343.16) The Athlete must comply with all medical regulations (paragraph 6 of the CPL).

36 (344) Obligations of representatives and attendants of teams, coaches, referees and other persons

36.1 Representatives and attendants of teams, coaches and other persons must know and comply with these Rules, as well as the requirements of the organizers of the competition, members of the Jury, sports referees.

36.2 (344.1) If necessary, the Jury may give additional instructions before, during and after the competition to representatives and support staff of the teams, coaches, the press and other non-competitors, in order to ensure order in the stadium, on the track and in the team preparation area .

36.3 (344.2) The following rules apply to ensure order and control on the courses:
- in the period starting 5 minutes before the start and ending with the finish of the last participant, team representatives and support staff, coaches, non-competitors and other accredited persons are not allowed to ski on the track. During the competition, these persons must stand off the course without skis on;
- representatives and attendants of teams, coaches and other persons informing athletes of intermediate results and other information are not entitled to run more than 30 meters next to athletes;
- at this time, the judges must ensure that nothing interferes with the movement of the athletes;
- when transferring food or drinks to an athlete, coaches must ensure that they do not interfere with the competitors; while they must remain in place.

36.4 (344.3) For optimal television coverage of the competition, as well as for safety reasons, some sections of the course may be closed to all persons, except for the athletes participating in the competition. On some sections of the course before and during the competition, the Jury may allow the athletes to test skis and warm up. Athletes and service personnel with special bib numbers may be allowed to ski on these sections of the track.

36.5 (344.4) Ski testing and warm-ups on the competition course may only be carried out in the direction intended for the movement of athletes on the course during the competition. Anyone testing skis on a piste must be concerned about the safety of others and the condition of the prepared piste. During competitions or official training, it is prohibited to test skis on the track using electronic devices.

36.6 (205.8) Tote.
Athletes, coaches, referees, team representatives and support staff are prohibited from placing bets on the result of the competition.

37 (223) Sanctions

37.1 (223.1) General provisions

37.1.1 (223.1.1) Violations that may be sanctioned and penalized:
- Violation or non-observance of the Competition Rules
- or non-compliance with the instructions of the Jury or its individual members (clause 38.2 of the PSG)
or unsportsmanlike conduct.

37.1.2 (223.1.2) Acts that may also be considered a violation:
- an attempt to commit a violation;
- provoking other persons to commit a violation or assisting others in committing a violation;
- inciting others to commit a violation.

37.1.3 (223.1.3) In determining whether an act is a violation, the following factors are taken into account:
- whether the action was intentional or unintentional;
- whether the action is caused by extraordinary circumstances.

37.1.4 (223.1.4) All competitors must accept and acknowledge these Competition Rules and the sanctions for breach thereof, which are subject to a right of appeal in accordance with these rules and the International Competition Rules (ICR).

37.2 (223.2) Scope

37.2.1 (223.2.1) Sanctions apply:
- to all persons, participants of the competition, located both in the area of the competition, and in any area related to the competition;
- to all other persons (spectators, etc.) who are in the area of the competition.

37.2.2 (200.6) Every sanction applied to an athlete, coach or official is recognized by the Federation or the Organizing Committee.

37.3 (223.3) Punishments

37.3.1 (223.3.1) The following measures may be taken against a person who has committed a violation:
- written or oral warning;
- withdrawal of accreditation;
- denial of accreditation;
- temporary penalty;

37.3.1.1 (223.3.1.1) Regional branches of the Federation, accredited regional sports federations of cross-country skiing, heads of organizations of participants in the competition are responsible for strict compliance with the Regulations of the Federation in terms of penalties imposed by the participant in the competition.

37.3.1.2 (223.3.1.2) Persons who are not subject to the provisions of paragraph 37.3.1.1 of the PSLP are also liable to the organizers of the competition for compliance with the Federation Regulations regarding the penalties imposed.

37.3.1.3 The execution of the imposed penalties must be carried out before the start is accepted in the next type of program (competition).

37.3.2 (223.3.2) Additional measures may be taken against each competitor:
- disqualification;

- deprivation of prizes and awards;
- suspension from participation in competitions.

37.3.3 (223.3.3) An athlete shall only be disqualified if his error resulted in an improvement in his final result, except in the specific cases provided for in these Rules.

37.4 (223.4) The Jury may apply the penalties provided for in Articles 37.3.1 and 37.3.2 of the FCL, but may not impose penalties under the Federation Rules or prohibit an athlete from participating in other competitions.

37.5 (223.5) The following penalties may be pronounced orally:
- warning;
- withdrawal of accreditation from the current competition from persons registered by the organizers;
- denial of accreditation for the current competition from persons located in the competition area or in other places associated with the competition.

37.6 (223.6) The following penalties are given in writing:
- disqualification;
- deterioration of the starting position;
- suspension from participation in the competition;
- Penalties provided for by the Regulations of the Federation.

37.7 (223.7) Written penal decisions must be issued to the offender, the regional branch of the Federation, or the accredited regional sports federation for cross-country skiing, or the head of the offender's organization.

37.8 (223.8) All disqualifications must be included in the TD report.

37.9 (223.9) All penalties imposed must be included in the TD report.

38 (224) Procedural guidance

38.1 (224.1) Competence of the Jury
The Jury has the right at the venue of the competition to impose the sanctions indicated above, by decision of the majority of votes. In case of equality of votes, the Chairman of the Jury has the casting vote.

38.2 (224.2) In the competition area, especially during the training and competition period, each member of the Jury with the right to vote is authorized to issue verbal warnings and withdraw accreditation for the current competition.

38.3 (224.3) Collective violations
If several persons commit the same offense at the same time and under the same circumstances, the Jury will apply the same penalty to them. The written decision must include the names of all offenders and the punishment for each of them. The decision must be communicated to each violator.

38.4 (224.4) Restriction
Sanctions are not applied to the violator if the punitive procedures were not initiated within 72 hours from the date of the violation.

38.5 (224.5) Each person who witnesses the commission of a violation must testify when requested by the Jury, and the Jury must consider all witness statements.

38.6 (224.6) The Jury may confiscate items that may have been used in violation of the rules for the use of equipment.

38.7 (224.7) Prior to the imposition of a penalty (with the exception of a warning and withdrawal of accreditation in accordance with paragraphs 37.5, 38.2 of the CPSL), a person accused of a violation should be able to present oral or written explanations in his defense at a hearing in his case.

38.8 (224.8) All Jury decisions are in writing and must contain:

38.8.1 (224.8.1) description of the offense committed;

38.8.2 (224.8.2) evidence of a violation;

38.8.4 (224.8.4) the penalty imposed.

38.8.5 (224.9) The penalty imposed must be appropriate to the level of the infringement. In imposing a penalty, the Jury must take into account all mitigating and aggravating circumstances.

39 (351) Athletes not allowed to start

39.1 Athletes not allowed to start
In any competition, a participant is not allowed to start who:

39.1.1 (351.1) - wears clothing or equipment with obscene words and/or symbols (CLS 2.7) or exhibits inappropriate behavior in the starting area (CLS 34.5);

39.1.2 (351.2) - violates these rules in relation to inventory (paragraph 7 of the CLSG) and commercial labeling (paragraph 3 of the CLSG);

39.1.3 (351.3) - refuses to undergo a prescribed medical examination (ICR 221.2).

39.1.4 (351.4) If it turns out that an athlete who has already started has violated the rules, the Jury must penalize the athlete.

39.2 (352.1) Sanctioning procedure
In case of violation of the rules, the members of the Jury must meet and decide on the application of a particular sanction, taking into account:
- specific circumstances;
- the advantage gained by the offending athlete (CSL 37.3.3);
- negative consequences for other participants in the competition;
- influence on the final result or intermediate results (sprint or bonus sprints);
- the arguments of the athlete himself (paragraph 38.7 of the PSG);
- level of competition;
- age and experience of the participants;
- guides for the Jury published on the website of the Federation.

39.3 (352.2) Disqualification

39.3.1 (352.2.1) Disqualification is applied only in case of serious violations and violations that had a clear impact on the final result of the competition.

39.3.2 (352.2.2) In addition, an athlete is automatically disqualified if he:
- takes part in competitions on false grounds;
- endangers the safety of people or property, or causes injury or damage;
- passes more than one stage in the relay race (paragraph 32.1.1 of the RSLG).

39.3.3 (352.2.3) An athlete receiving a second written warning in the same competitive season is automatically disqualified.

39.3.4 (352.2.4) In multi-stage competition, an offense for which athletes would normally be disqualified may be replaced by a Provisional Penalty (CSL 39.5.2). The choice of disqualification or temporary penalty is made by the Jury.

39.3.5 (352.2.5) After a disqualification, the name of the athlete will appear on the updated score sheet with a DSQ (disqualified) stamp without a time stamp.

39.3.6 (352.2.6) If a Sprint and Team Sprint violation results in the disqualification of an athlete, and as a result of this violation, another athlete (or team) cannot advance to another stage, the Jury may allow that competitor (or team) to take part in the next stage . In this case, that athlete or team starts from the least advantageous position.

39.4.1 (352.3.1) Suspension only applies for violations of these rules during sprints and intermediate finishes.

39.4.2 (352.3.2) In sprint events, a suspension from the competition means that the athlete will qualify for last place in the heat and stage standings (6th in the final, 12th in the semi-finals and 30th in the quarter-finals) .

39.4.3 (352.3.3) In a mass start or skiathlon competition, a suspension means that bonus points will be forfeited when intermediate finishes are played.

39.5 (352.4) Provisional penalty

39.5.1 (352.4.1) A time penalty is added for an early start.

39.5.1.1 (352.4.1.1) In a Time Trial or Sprint Qualification, an early start will incur a time penalty of at least 15 seconds (the athlete's actual time + a time penalty of at least 15 seconds).

39.5.1.2 (352.4.1.2) In competitions with a handicap start, athletes will be charged with a time penalty equal to the time played (planned start time minus actual start time) + a time penalty of at least 30 seconds.

39.5.2 (352.4.2) In multi-stage competitions, the Jury may decide to replace the disqualification with a time penalty of 3 minutes (see clause 39.3.4).

39.6 (352.5) Written warning

39.6.1 (352.5.1) A written warning must be applied for all rule violations that do not result in a clear advantage for the athlete.

39.7 (352.6) Verbal warning
A verbal warning is used only to inform an athlete that his style of movement or behavior borders on a violation of the rules.

39.8 (352.7) Penalties

39.8.1 (352.7.1) Penalties may be imposed on any accredited person.

39.8.2 (352.7.2) Penalties are provided for violation of advertising and commercial labeling rules, for minor infractions on the course, as well as for non-compliance with ski testing and warm-up restrictions.

39.8.3 (352.7.3) Athletes may receive a written warning in addition to penalties.

40 (361) Protests

40.1 (361.1) Types of protests

40.1.1 (361.1.1) Against the admission of competitors or their sports equipment.

40.1.2 (361.1.2) Against a track or its condition.

40.1.3 (361.1.3) Against another competitor or official in a competition.

40.1.4 (361.1.4) Against timing results.

40.1.5 (361.1.5) Against Jury Decisions. See also the exceptions in paragraphs 30.6.2 and 31.6.2 of the MLSP.

40.1.6 (361.1.6) Against clerical errors or violations of these rules after the competition.

40.2 (361.2) Place for receiving protests
Various protests are accepted as follows:

40.2.1 (361.2.1) Protests in accordance with CRGS 18-36.5 - at the location indicated on the official information board or announced at the team officials' meeting;

40.2.2 (361.2.2) Protests regarding clerical errors or violations of these rules after the competition are sent to the Federation office by registered mail through their regional branch of the Federation or an accredited regional sports federation of ski racing (for 1st category competitions) or to the organizing committee of the competition (for other competitions) within one month after the competition.

40.3 (361.3) Deadlines for accepting protests

40.3.1 (361.3.1) Against the eligibility of a competitor
- before the draw.

40.3.2 (361.3.2) Against a track or its condition
– within 15 minutes after the end of the official training session.

40.3.3 (361.3.3) Against another competitor, his equipment, or against an official in cases of misconduct during the competition

40.3.4 (361.3.4) Against timing
– within 15 minutes of the publication of the informal results protocol.

40.3.5 (361.3.5) Against Jury Decisions Which Are Not Sanctions
– within 15 minutes of the publication of the informal results protocol.

40.3.6 (361.3.6) Against clerical errors or violations of these rules after the competition
within a month after the competition.

40.4 (361.4) Protest form

40.4.1 (361.4.1) Protests are accepted in writing.

40.4.2 (361.4.2) Protests must be justified in detail. Evidence must be given, as well as any testimony.

40.4.3 When filing a protest, the procedure approved by the Regulations of the Federation is provided.

40.4.4 (361.4.4) A protest may be withdrawn by the protesting party before the Jury's decision is published. In this case, clause 40.4.3 of the MLSP does not apply.

40.4.5 (361.4.5) A Protest filed at the wrong time or in violation of CSL 40.4.3 will not be considered.

40.5 (361.5) Filing a protest
A protest may only be submitted:
- regional branches of the Federation or accredited regional sports federations of cross-country skiing;
- team representatives.

40.6 (361.6) Jury Protest Procedure

40.6.1 (361.6.1) The Jury meets to consider protests at a specific place and time that it announces in advance.

40.6.2 (361.6.2) Only members of the Jury are allowed to vote on a protest. The TD manages the protest handling process. A record of the protest must be kept and signed by all members of the Jury. Decision making requires a majority vote of all voting members of the Jury, not just members present. In the event of a tie, the vote of the TD is decisive.
The principle of free consideration of all facts is respected. The rules on which the decision is based must be applied and interpreted in such a way that a fair examination of all the circumstances of the case is guaranteed.

40.6.3 (361.6.3) The decision must be published on the official information board immediately after the protest has been considered, indicating the time of publication.

41 (362) Appeal

41.1 (362.1.1) An appeal may be made:
- against all decisions of the Jury (see also clause 41.2 of the CPLG);
- against the official protocol of results. This appeal can only be made in respect of obvious and proven errors in the calculations.

41.1.2 (224.10.1) A decision by the Jury to penalize may be appealed in accordance with these rules (except as provided in 41.2 of the CPL).

41.2 (224.11) The following decisions of the Jury may not be appealed:

41.2.1 (224.11.1) verbal penalties in accordance with 37.5 and 38.2 of the MLRS;

41.2.2 (224.11.2) penalties provided for by the Regulations of the Federation.

41.2.3 (224.12) In all other cases, appeals must be made to the Appeals Board.

41.2.4 (224.13) The Jury has the right to submit to the Appeals Commission its recommendations regarding violations that provide for penalties provided for in the Federation Regulations and suspension from participation in subsequent competitions (paragraph 37.4 of the FCL).

41.2.5 (224.14) The Governing Body of the Federation may comment to the Appeals Panel on any written decision by the Jury regarding penalties.

41.3 (224.15) Litigation procedures
All litigation procedures are carried out in accordance with the Regulations of the Federation.

41.4 (224.16) Procedure for supervision of proceedings
The procedure for supervising the proceedings is carried out in accordance with the regulations of the Federation.

41.4.1 (362.1.2) The appeal to the Federation must be made by the regional branch of the Federation or by an accredited regional cross-country skiing sports federation.

41.5 (362.1.3) Deadlines for filing

41.5.1 (362.1.3.1) Appeals against Jury decisions must be filed within 48 hours of the publication of the official score sheet.

41.5.2 (362.1.3.2) Appeals against official results must be made within 30 days, including the day of the competition.

41.5.3 (224.10.2) If an appeal is not filed within the time limit specified in these rules, the decision of the Jury shall be final.

41.5.4 (362.1.4) Appeal is decided:
– the Appeals Commission;
or
– Committee for rules, homologation and control.

41.5.5 (225.3.1) An appeal must be decided within 72 hours of receipt of the appeal by the chairman, unless all parties concerned have agreed in writing to extend the hearing period.

41.5.6 (225.3.2) All appeals and decisions thereon must be submitted in writing, including evidence provided in support or rebuttal of the appeal.

41.6 (362.2) Delay effect
The evidence provided (protest, appeal) cannot be a reason for postponing the consideration of the appeal.

41.7 (362.3) Appeal
The appeal must be in writing and must be substantiated, i.e. include all evidence and testimony. Entries submitted late must be rejected by the Federation (see 41.5.5 of the CPL). The filing of an appeal is carried out in accordance with the Regulations of the Federation.

Spectacular pumping of the body - Health Portal

The main types and rules of cross-country skiing competitions:

Competitions with general start (mass start)

Pursuit (pursuit, Gundersen system)

relay races

Individual sprint

Team sprint

Time trial competition

Mass start competitions

pursuit racing

relay races

Individual sprint

Team sprint

Competitive distances

Competitive disciplines

Course of the competition

Track Requirements

starting position

Finish Features

Passing the distance

PART 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

PART 2. ORGANIZATION

PART 3. CROSS-CROSS COMPETITION

PART 4 ​​COMPETITION FORMATS

PART 5. COMPETITIONS AND PARTICIPANTS

RELATED ARTICLES

PART 4 COMPETITION FORMATS