Hitting the ball - the main means of playing the game. They are performed with the foot and head in various ways, which have their own variations. The classification of impacts is given in Fig. 3. In Fig. Figure 4 shows parts of the body with which a football player performs various playing techniques (including strikes). It should be noted that when hitting the ball, many muscles of the human body are involved, the largest of which are shown in Fig. 5.

All methods of hitting have a specific target orientation, which is characterized by the necessary trajectory of the ball, as well as its optimal (and often maximum) speed. The speed of the ball depends on the initial speed of the striking link (leg or head) and the ball at the moment of contact, as well as on the ratio of their masses. Since the masses of the interacting links are relatively constant, to increase the speed of the ball, it is necessary to increase the speed of movement of the impact link.

Kicking the ball performed in the following main ways: the inside of the foot, the inner, middle and outer parts of the instep, toe, heel, as well as the knee, thigh and outer side of the foot. Strikes are made on a stationary ball, as well as on balls rolling and flying in different directions; from a standstill, in motion, in a jump, with a turn, in a fall. Despite all the variety of kicking the ball, there are phases of movements that are common to many methods.

Preliminary phase- take-off run. The magnitude of the run and its speed are determined by the individual characteristics of the players and tactical tasks. However, in all cases, when performing a run-up, it is necessary to calculate that the ball will be hit with a pre-designated foot.

Rice. 3. Classification of hits on the ball.

Preparatory phase- swing of the kick and placement of the supporting leg.

Significant, often close to maximum, hip extension and shin flexion make it possible to strike with the required force, since the trajectory of the foot increases and the muscles of the anterior thigh are pre-stretched.

To perform the swing correctly, you need to slightly lengthen the last step of the run-up. Usually it exceeds the others in size by 35-45% and varies between 2-2.5 m.

Working phase- shock movement and wiring. The striking movement begins at the moment of planting the supporting leg with active flexion of the hip. Moreover, the angle formed by the thigh and the bent shin is preserved. The lag of the lower leg and foot from the movement of the hip brings the center of gravity of the entire leg closer to the hip joint, which leads to an increase in its globular speed. Before the impact, there is deceleration of the hip.

A sharp sweeping movement of the shin and foot is used to strike the ball.

At the moment of impact, the leg is “fixed” in the ankle and knee joints. “Transforming” the leg into a “hard lever” allows you to increase the mass of the striking link. With the beginning of the impact interaction, the foot of the kicking leg deforms the ball. It contracts until the speed of mutual movement of the foot and the ball becomes zero. Then elastic forces restore the shape of the ball and its speed sharply increases to a certain value, which is slightly less than the speed of the striking leg at the moment the strike begins. The working phase ends with the so-called wiring. The kicking leg moves with the ball.

Final phase - taking the starting position for the next movement. After the impact, the leg continues to move forward and upward. The central center of gravity, located above the support area at the moment of impact, moves in the direction of movement of the leg. This creates optimal conditions for further actions.

A similar structure of actions is typical for many ways of kicking the ball. Strict adherence to the above requirements will allow you to hit the ball in various ways with significant force.

However, often, depending on the game situation, it becomes necessary to change the timing of movement phases, reduce its amplitude and muscle effort. In addition, the technique of a number of ways to hit the ball with an oga has some specific features.

	1. Abdominal muscles 2. Lateral (oblique) muscle of the trunk 3. Pectoralis muscle 4. Trapezius muscle 5. Deltoid 6. Triceps 7. Latissimus muscle 8. Abductor muscle 9. Hamstring muscle 10. Calf muscle 11. Achilles tendon 12. Biceps 13. Quadriceps femoris
Rice. 5. The main muscle groups involved in hitting the ball.

Some features of the ball flight path

There are two known types of kicking the ball: straight and cut.

In the first case, the direction of the impact impulse passes through the central center of the ball or in the immediate vicinity of it. To perform a sliced ​​strike, it is necessary that the direction of the strike be significantly away from the central center of the ball.

A direct blow is carried out in almost all of the above ways. It is somewhat difficult to perform it with the external part of the lift. The cutting blow is most effectively delivered by the internal and especially the external part of the rise.

The trajectory of the ball during direct hits depends on where the force is applied. The ball will fly straight and low if the impact location falls on its middle part along the horizontal plane. If the place of application of force is below the horizontal axis, then the angle of departure of the ball will change.

The trajectory of the ball is significantly different during sliced ​​shots. In this case, the direction of the impact does not pass through the central center of the ball, which causes significant rotation. It can be around a horizontal axis (with a “sweep” strike), a vertical axis (with cut blows from the bottom) and inclined axes (with strikes from above).

Knowing and using the characteristics of ball flight increases the reliability and efficiency of football players.

Hitting the ball with the inside of your foot used mainly to perform short and medium passes, as well as to hit the opponent's goal from close range. This technique is classified as a high-precision action, since a fairly large part of the foot touches the ball (from the heel to the big toe). However, the force of such a blow is less compared to blows by other methods, since the swing of the striking leg reaches its maximum value, and in the extreme position the ligaments of the hip joint, during extension, press the femoral head to the acetabulum, which eliminates the necessary supination of the hip.

Let's look at some features of the striking technique (Fig. 6). The starting point of the run, the ball and the target are approximately on the same line. The swing is performed by the back push of the last running step. The striking motion begins with simultaneous flexion of the hip and outward rotation (supination) of the leg. At the moment of impact, the foot is strictly at right angles to the direction of flight of the ball. The kick is performed from the middle of the inner surface of the foot. The position of the leg during the strike remains the same during the drive.

Features of teaching striking techniques
the inside of the foot.
Sequence of training

1. Simulation exercises without a ball.

2. Striking a stationary ball from a place.

3. Hitting a stationary ball from one step and after jumping onto the supporting leg.

4. Hitting a stationary ball after walking, running at medium speed and running fast.

1. So, let's start learning. Take a regular soccer ball and place it on the penalty spot. Your task is an accurate, clear and strong blow, preferably right into the corner. To do this, take three large steps away from the ball and take a step to the side. If you are right-handed, take it to the left; if you are left-handed, take it to the right.

2. Run up and get closer to the ball. To do this, take the first step with your kicking foot. At the third step, your non-strike foot should be 15-17 centimeters from the playing apparatus. Try to point your toes in the direction where you want to shoot the “round” one. The knees should be bent and the arms should be spread as wide as possible to create body balance. Repeat these two steps until your actions become automatic. 3. The kicking leg should be carried smoothly forward. Try to shoot the ball by hitting it in the center with the inside of your foot, in other words, with your “cheek.” Be careful to ensure that your knee is directly above the ball as your foot strikes the ball. It is important to engage your ankle in the shot, which will definitely add power and speed to the ball. If you did everything correctly, as we told you, then you should get a cannon shot that will drive the ball into the net with a characteristic sound.

4. Now you can work out the power of hitting the ball if the three previous steps were worked out with a bang. To do this, strike in the middle of the projectile with your upper leg. The ankle and index finger should be down during the strike. Swing your foot again so that at the end of the shot it points in the direction the ball should go. In other words, a goal. This is where the “spotted one” should fly. As you practice your shot, you will notice how the power of the shot will increase, and each subsequent shot on goal will be more accurate and confident than the previous one.

5. The delivery of a strike is practiced by adding power to it. This can be done through increased work of the knee and hip. Put 100% into hitting the ball. Try to train your legs in the gym on non-training days and weekends. Try to remember that relevance and accuracy always trump power. Therefore, develop all your striking skills gradually, paying separate attention to each of its components.

Do you admire the shots of Leo Messi, Cristiano Ronaldo and Neymar, but think that you will never be able to do it? It's time to change everything. SOVSPORT. RUwill show you the different types of shots on the ball, and also tell you how to hit them correctly.

Hitting technique

Let's imagine that the ball is standing still and you just need to hit it. Even before the strike, you should imagine which leg you have as a striker. Once you have decided which foot you will kick with, you need to stand a few meters behind the ball and about a meter to the side of it to get a running start. At the moment before the impact, you need to place your supporting leg so that it is slightly to the side of the ball. And at this time, your kicking leg swings back, simultaneously bending at the knee. And then she sharply flies forward, now unbending back. The ball should be exactly in front of your foot. However, if you kick with your right foot, your left hand should be placed to the side and slightly back to maintain balance.

Now let's talk a little about what kind of shots there are in football.

Cheek bump

It is also called a blow from the inside of the foot. It is applied from the same place to which, as a rule, the pass is given. Such blows are slightly inferior in strength to other varieties, but superior in terms of accuracy.

Kick from the rise

In football, the instep is the central part of the foot. The difference in the execution technique is that at the moment of straightening the kicking leg, you pull the toe down so that the area of ​​​​contact of the foot with the ball is as large as possible. This method is used in volleys when the ball is in the air. Rising kicks are slightly inferior in accuracy to the cheek, but they are the strongest in the entire arsenal of football players.

Swede kick

The so-called kick with the outside of the foot. Its essence is that before contacting the ball, turn your foot slightly inward so that contact with the spotted one falls on the outer side. This strike is quite difficult to perform. What stands out from the rest is the often quite unpredictable trajectory of the ball after contact with the kicking leg.

Overhead kick

The main method of giving corners and some free kicks. Goalkeepers and defenders use a similar technique to kick the ball away from their goal and over the heads of their opponents. To lift the ball, you must shoot low. In this case, it will fly higher than the previously mentioned types of strikes.

Spin

Now, after we have dealt with the main types of turning shots, let's talk about one very useful trick, having mastered which, you can consider yourself a real master. This is the spin of the ball. It can be both internal and external.

Internal twisting is performed as follows. The take-off should be the same as a normal kick. At the moment of the impact, hit the ball with the place where your thumb begins, after which it will roll back a little and fly along the trajectory you set. After the shot, do not stop your leg, but continue to move it. If you are left-handed, then your strike should come slightly below and to the left of the ball’s center, and if you are right-handed, then below and to the right, respectively. External twisting is done by a Swede. The differences in the execution technique are that the supporting leg here should be placed a little further than the ball. After performing the strike, as in the case with an internal spin, you follow the striking leg along the movement of the ball, turning the foot inward.

Just by reading this material, of course, you will not immediately learn how to hit like Roberto Carlos or Cristiano Ronaldo. Like any element of football skill, hitting requires constant practice. So, take the ball, call your friends on the nearest field and practice!

Football players - focus only on the kicking leg. But it should be understood that the supporting leg has an equally important function, and the strength of the blow largely depends on it. The position of the supporting foot relative to the ball determines the type of shot. When hitting directly, you need to place this foot in line with the ball, at a distance of 8-10 cm. If you need to achieve a height trajectory for the ball, you should place your supporting foot behind the ball line by 3-5 cm, but still keep a distance of 8 -10 cm in order not to lose control of the ball. If a low kick is required, the supporting foot is placed behind the line where the ball is located. The main point is not to place your foot too far, the player must find the optimal distance himself.

Kick actions

To hit the ball effectively, you need to remember a few rules. First, the foot should be tense, but not too stiff. Secondly, the toes point down, and the heel, on the contrary, points up. Thirdly, you need to hit either with the toe of the foot or with the place where the big toe is located.

The force of hitting the ball depends on the correct technique of the player. With a good approach to such an important element of football, a novice athlete will be able to learn how to make decisive shots in the game. The most powerful blow is obtained by investing the strength of the thigh muscles. Hitting by bending the leg at the knee joint is considered an ineffective technique that is used only by amateurs. Another important point is not to overstrain the leg muscles; the blow must be sharp, and only in this case the ball will fly quickly and far.

The body also plays an important role in the technique of hitting the ball. As with the supporting leg, body position depends on which type of kick is needed. With the desired high trajectory of the ball, you should tilt your body back. If it's low, go ahead. The main thing is to put your body weight into the force of the blow.

In order to pass, you need to hit the ball with the inside of your foot. The supporting leg should be located in line with the ball at a distance of 10 cm. With the kicking leg, hit the center of the ball, then follow in the desired direction.

There are often cases when you need to take the ball away from the opponent. In such a situation, you need to hit with the outside of your foot. The toe of the supporting leg with the opponent’s location should form an acute angle of 20-30 degrees. All that remains is to strike with the outer foot in the desired direction.

To consolidate the acquired knowledge, of course, practice is necessary. Only with experience will mastery of ball control and good hitting technique come.

How to hit the ball?

All aspiring football players are worried about how to hit the ball? Hitting the ball is a harmony of strength and accuracy. Having circled all the opponents in the game, you want the ball to fly in the right direction, and not in the opposite direction. Therefore, it is necessary to understand this important issue in more detail.

How to hit the ball correctly?

Ground kick

This requires self-control and balance. Consider not only the position of the leg with which you strike, but also the supporting leg. Watch where your supporting foot is in relation to the ball, and you will be able to control the height of both the strike and the pass.

To hit a strong shot from a low flight path, place your supporting foot in line with the ball. A high flight path will be achieved after you place your foot behind the ball.

Don't forget your upper body: lean forward for a low kick and back for a high kick. Want to know how hard to hit the ball? The maximum impact force is obtained when, before contact, the knee of the kicking leg is in line with the ball or above it. Having hit, do not relax, but continue to head towards the goal. You can also simply land after an impact on the kicking leg.

Vault kick

To correctly hit a ball that is flying in the air, you need to be able to find balance and adjust to the ball in time. Find the correct distance from the ball; if it is already quite close or, on the contrary, too far away, it is better to abandon the volley. Be reasonable, everyone knows that this is a hit of chance.

How to learn to hit the ball?

It is easier to learn how to hit the ball by practicing your technique by hitting the goal. The goalkeeper returns the ball to you. When there is no such training opportunity, hit the wall. Start by hitting a stationary ball. Learn to hit a volley by asking a friend to cross the ball for you. Or throw it into the air yourself, hitting it as it falls. The main thing is practice and observation of experienced players. If you wish, any search engine will show you how to hit the ball, the video provided by the search engine is also worth watching.

Ball hitting methods

• Pass. To hit with the inside of your foot, you need to place your supporting foot in line with the ball, about ten centimeters from it. The kicking leg is bent at the knee and hits the center of the ball. The ankle is perpendicular to the supporting leg, the ball flies straight, and you move towards the goal.
• Lifting kick. The supporting leg is in line with the ball. Now, in one motion, make a swing, bringing back the leg with which the strike is delivered. The moment of leg extension and movement should be very fast. To do this, fix your ankle well, while simultaneously straining it. Hit the equator of the ball if you want a low flight and get your shoulders over the ball. Head towards the goal.
• Inside kick with twist. If you don't understand how to hit a curveball, simply place your supporting foot close to the ball. Your fingers should point slightly away from the target. Swing your foot, touching the outside underside of the ball with your thumb. This will give the ball spin. After hitting, you don't need to head towards the target. If you want to hit a curveball with your right foot, then place your supporting foot to the left of the ball. The swing shot should be aimed at the right side of the ball, then follow it.
• Toe kick. With your supporting foot on the back of the ball, take a quick swing and hit the bottom with your toe, engaging your hip as you do so. The ball will fly along a high trajectory, while rotating in the opposite direction.
• Hit a flying ball. Remember right away about the lifting shot and use the same rules. Try to accurately time your swing and contact as the ball flies through the air. You don’t need to use a lot of force; everything here doesn’t depend on it. Seize the right moment and strike, adjusting to the ball.

Now you know about the principles of playing football, but there are other types of ball games in the world.

General rules of playing volleyball

1. The player whose right hand is closest to the ball takes the attack.
2. The receiver must shout: “I am!” so that no one can disturb him and follow the ball to the end.
3. The setter must give the pass second, but only if he did not receive it.
4. There is one trick: when you want to block, during the run you need to follow the attacker’s gaze, so it’s easy to understand where he is going to hit.
5. With a double and triple block, the blockers who are located on the edges are attached to the one standing in the center.

How to hit a ball in baseball

The main players in baseball are the hitter and the pitcher. The pitcher's task is to pitch towards the house so that the ball flies over the house with a height from the knees to the chest of the one who is batting. With the help of a bat, the batter needs to hit balls that fall only into the strike zone. If he moves the bat and it crosses the home zone, he must hit even those balls that hit outside the zone. The pitcher must throw in such a way that the batter cannot judge the flight path and hit.

How to hold a tennis racket?

The grip is the method of holding the racket.

• Vertical grip ("feather grip"). Place your index finger and thumb as if you were holding a pen. Place the remaining fingers on the back of the racket. The brush will become mobile for complex and twisting serves.
• Horizontal grip. Do you want to perform strong offensive and defensive strikes? Move your index finger or thumb to the edge of the racket, now you know how to learn how to hit the ball hard.

Club stroke: golf

Nobody hits the hole the first time in golf. Don't get discouraged if you don't succeed, hit the ball only with the club head when it is stationary. And remember, don't push the ball or move it with the club.