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From the book: POCKET ENCYCLOPEDIA social game techniques preschool education: Reference and methodological manual for educators of senior and preparatory groups kindergarten_ (under the editorship of V.M. Bukatov, St. Petersburg, 2008)
Driver's choice (different types draw )
The implementation of many game teaching methods recommended in socio-game pedagogy is designed for the choice of a leader, a captain, or a judge (or judges). Some educators find it easier and faster to appoint them at their own discretion. But this often leads to the appearance of some disputes, dissatisfaction, refusals to work.
Helping children get rid of such reactions is the task of educators. And they can successfully accomplish this task, using the wisdom of folk pedagogy contained in children's draws, fortune-tellers, and counting rhymes. It is they who, in the conditions of the playing space, allow children to voluntarily submit to the general will, being the main means of socializing the child, a means of introducing him to the observance of ethical norms, the rules of the hostel.
Choosing a driver or a captain with the help of, for example, counting rhymes, will help the teacher set up the children in a businesslike way in a short period of time and create a playful atmosphere. Both the first and second are important components of the training sessions.
When children play in their yard, they often use various draws that allow, without dispute, “fairly” to choose who will drive, or determine the order in which its participants (or teams) enter the game. “The guys are pleased with the expectation of a decision not from a reasonable calculation, but from chance, from the will of fate,” the outstanding folklorist G.S. Vinogradov rightly noted back in 1930. In resolving difficulties by "accident" he saw ingenious psychotherapeutic reception folk pedagogy.
Label. For each player, they prepare the same stick, match, blade of grass. One of them is made shorter than the others. Then all on one side are clamped into a fist, aligning the outer ends. And they take turns drawing lots. Whoever pulls out the shorty, he drives.
Matches and sticks can be replaced with pieces of paper (cards). Then they put a cross on one and, turning it, mix it in a hat (or pocket). The one who draws the mark leads.
Measure on a stick. This method is convenient when you have to choose a leader from a few candidates. For example, among the messengers from each team or among the captains.
A stick is taken (from a meter or more). One of the players grabs the lower end of the stick with his right hand. Right next to him, the second, third, etc. grab the stick with their right hands. When all the participants in the draw grabbed the stick, the first one transfers right hand up, grabbing above the hands of the latter. Behind him, everyone else grabs their hands. And so on until someone's hand grabs the upper end of the stick. He gets the lot.
Sometimes the last participant is left with such a small tip of the stick that disputes arise as to who will get the lot - him or the previous one. In this case, there is a rule: the last player grabs the remaining tip of the stick with part of his hand and circles it around his head and shoulders. If he succeeds, then the lot remains with him. If not, then follow the previous one.
counting. This method of dividing into teams, and queuing, and choosing a leader is still the most popular among children, even preschool age. In "Remember forgotten games” (M., 1990) S.K. Yakub notes: “In my time, the guys knew an incredible number of all kinds of counting rhymes, some of them thirty, if not more. Therefore, not only for a day, but, read it, and for a whole week the counting rhymes were almost never repeated. It happened that you heard such a funny and tricky one that it was enviable.
So everyone gets into a tight circle. Someone alone (who volunteered) slowly recites a counting rhyme, pointing his finger in a circle, starting with himself, and then “in the sun” (the old rule of many folk games and rituals: if at any hour of the day you turn towards the sun, then the beginning of its path - the east - will be somewhere on the left, and the end - the west - on the right. Hence the counting, and many ritual movements, such as round dances, are conducted from left to right).
Those who have the last emphasis in the counting rhyme are considered to have left (exempted from the lot) or enrolled in one or another team (by agreement). They leave the circle and wait on the sidelines.
The last one usually leads (option: the one who first left the circle leads).
A very interesting (and very useful for preschoolers) calculation option, which is called " On the fists". All together with the counting put forward clenched fists. The one who counts on the first stressed syllable of the counting rhyme lightly strikes from above with his left fist on his right. On the second beat, it's the other way around. On the third - with his right fist on the neighbor's right fist, then on his left fist. In a circle, he touches each exposed fist.
The cuckoo walked past the net,
And behind her are small children,
Everyone was shouting "cookie poppy!"
Push one fist.
On whose fist the counter ends, he opens it and lowers his hand. The calculation is repeated. So gradually the cams are lowered. Who lowers both - leaves (or leads).
Examples of children's folklore rhymes:
Glass, lemon -
Get out!Thread, needle, ti-ti -
Fly away!A month came out of the fog
He took out a knife from his pocket:
I will cut, I will beat -
You still have to drive!On the way to the Caucasus
An old tarantass rides.
A cat sits in a tarantass,
His tummy hurts!The gentleman rode in a tarantass.
Crushed the cockroach -
And for this adventure
Three and a half paid!Ainy, maiden,
ricky, fakie,
Torba, yerba.
He is Desmaki
Deus, deus,
casmateus,
Bucks!
Specialists in children's folklore among the counting rhymes emphasize counting rhymes « with choice". The most famous of them is the following:
On gold
Porch sat
king, prince,
king, queen,
Shoemaker, tailor.
Who are you
Will you be like this?
The one who had the last word does not immediately leave the circle, but names one of those listed. Suppose he uttered the word prince. Then the counting starts again, but with the one who chose. Now the end of the calculation will be the word king. Whoever it is for, he goes out.
Thus, in the “with a choice” counting rhymes, in order for one player to go out, one has to count twice. The first time completely, the second - to the word that was chosen. Such counting rhymes well train the ability to meaningfully perceive texts by ear.
A man was driving along the road
Broke a wheel on the doorstep
How old is he
Need nails
Speak quickly
Don't delay
Good and honest people!dora, dora, tomato,
We caught a thief in the garden.
Began to think and wonder
How would a thief be punished?
We tied our hands and feet
And let them go down the road.
The thief walked, walked, walked
And I found a basket.
In this little basket
Got lipstick and perfume
Ribbons, lace, boots,
Anything for the soul.One, two, three, four, five,
Six seven eight nine ten.
The white moon rises
And after the month the moon
The boy is the girl's servant.
You, servant, give the carriage,
And I'll sit down and go.
I will go to Leningrad
Buy yourself an outfit.
Red, blue, cyan,
Choose any one.
Examples counting rhymes, as well as children's invocations, sentences, draw, teaser and silent women can be found in many collections and anthologies.
Let us pay special attention to educators that in the classroom and during walks, you can use the option of drawing lots, which encourages children to expand the amount of various and frequently used counting rhymes held in memory.
Relay counting rhymes. At first everything goes as usual: all the children stand in a circle. One of them is counting. To the rhythm of the counting rhyme he utters, he alternately runs his finger over the participants. At the last word of the counter, the finger freezes.
Now the differences begin. The child pointed to by the leader's finger does not drop out, but rather takes over and becomes the counting one himself. The former one drops out of the circle, and the new one starts a new, his own counting rhyme and finds out on whom it will stop, that is, determines who to pass the baton on to get out of the circle himself.
The calculation goes on until only one person remains - he will drive in the upcoming task. This option affects the development of many children much better than memorizing the on-duty "children's" rhymes for the next holiday event.
Today, we are increasingly turning to the experience of our ancestors, to the origins of public education, because it is there that we find answers to many difficult questions of today.
Preferences in the process of searching for new means, factors and methods of organizing training and education are given to those that are multifunctional in nature, contribute to self-realization, self-expression of the individual, are interesting to children, organically fit into modern educational systems.
One of these means is the folk game. It is a unique phenomenon of human culture, since every century, every era, every specific ethnic group, every generation has its favorite games.
It has been noticed that children who did not play enough in childhood, in an unfavorable educational situation, suffer from a game deficit, which negatively affects the formation of many aspects of the child's personality. Conflict in relation to others as a result of deviations in the formation of children's self-awareness is manifested in the inadequacy of self-esteem, self-doubt, passivity, aggressiveness, isolation, inability to subordinate personal interests to collective ones.
Game ethics are acquired by children with desire, without morals and dictate from adults, which allows the child to painlessly form the skills of self-regulation and improvement of behavior with people around them.
High requirements for honesty, justice and kindness are contained in all folk games. It has been established for centuries and no one disputes that for dishonesty, deception of comrades, any participant in the game can be told: "We don't play anymore" . And there is nothing you can do about it, except to realize the guilt and correct yourself. Not without reason, back in the last century, K. D. Ushinsky saw the task of future pedagogy in organizing and creating from folk games "an excellent and powerful educational tool" .
So, everyone has gathered, the game has been chosen. But before starting it, it is necessary to distribute the roles, so that there is no arbitrariness, so that no one becomes offended. And in this case, the function of distributing roles among the players, the decision of which everyone unquestioningly obeys, can be performed by such genres of folklore as drawing lots and counting rhymes, acting as a kind of game prelude. In addition to the game, drawing lots can also be used in educational activities when it is necessary to divide the class into two groups.
Draws are for those games where there are two teams. There are several options for the draw. Two strong and dexterous guys become drivers (commanders) choosing their own team. The rest step aside in pairs and agree in a whisper which one of them will be: a golden cup or a silver saucer. Each couple comes up with a lotion to their taste, fantasizing or rhyming. Here are examples of lottery talks:
A black horse or a remote Cossack?
Roll the ball or pour water?
Chest of money or gold shore?
To be at home or to sail on the sea?
Archer from the sky or a young man from the earth?
Pair after pair approach the drivers and in a singsong voice ask which of them chooses whom. Depending on the answer, each of the pair becomes their leader (commander). So all the players are gradually divided into two teams.
"Gates" - variant of the draw, when two drivers (adults or trained children), they secretly agree in front of each couple who will be called what: night-day, pine-spruce, cornflower-chamomile, cold-heat, etc. The main thing is that the names should be beautiful and pleasant to the ear: no one wants to be called a burdock or a nettle. In turn, pairs of players come up and choose who will be who, then stand behind their driver. The very process of forming two teams will be exciting for children. "game before game" .
Modern children rarely use lottery, and it is a pity, because the ability to quickly construct the most witty or picturesque formula for drawing lots testifies to the level of the intellectual and aesthetic level of the child.
A more common way to distribute roles in a game is through counting rhymes. The origin of the counting rhyme is associated with a special kind of ancient allegorical speech - with a secret account. In ancient times, there was a ban on the direct counting of game or livestock, so our ancestors invented a form of indirect counting.
In addition to organizing the game, educators use counting rhymes when choosing a child who will perform or lead a certain job, when many want to complete an interesting and honorable task.
An apple rolled around the garden,
Whoever takes it is the governor.
For children who have difficulty in counting back, counting rhymes will help:
9,8,7, 6, 5 - one of us will go looking,
4,3, 2, 1-we want to play hide and seek!
You never know in the pedagogical process the moments when it is the rhymes that will help everyone to be impartial, fair, respectful fair rules mutual communication.
The right to recount, according to children's unwritten laws, is not granted to everyone, but only to those in whom the rest are confident, who will honestly keep the score that determines the fate of the players. The counting, thus, contributes to the development of such qualities as honesty, inflexibility, nobility.
Thus, where there is a place for games with counting rhymes and draws, there always reigns good mood, and this is the key to successful work in the process of raising and educating children. Without these genres of folklore, the child will never become the master of his native language, owning all its riches coming from folk art.
There is very little left before the World Cup, which will be held from June 14 to July 15, 2018 in 11 cities of Russia. The participants of the tournament have already been determined, there is only one formal procedure left: a draw, which will determine the composition of the groups.
1. Where and when will the 2018 World Cup draw take place?
The draw will take place on December 1 at the State Kremlin Palace. The ceremony starts at 18:00 Moscow time. The broadcast will last approximately one hour. There will be a broadcast on our website.
2. What is the composition of the baskets?
The teams are ranked in pots based on the FIFA rankings from October 2017. Russia, as the host of the tournament, got into the basket at number one.
3. How will the draw ceremony take place?
Formation of groups: eight groups of four teams will be designated from A to H; the eight teams from each pot will be placed in eight different groups, so that each group will have one team from each pot. The leaders of the draw will draw the balls with the names of the teams in order. First, the ball with the name of the team will be taken out, and then the ball with the group designation and a number that will indicate the serial number of the team in the group.
4. Teams that will not be able to get into the same group.
According to the rules, teams from the same continent cannot be in the same group. Egypt will not play against Morocco, and Argentina will not get Colombia. However, only two teams from Europe can be in one group, as 14 European teams will perform at the 2018 World Cup.
5. Who will conduct the draw ceremony?
The draw ceremony for the finals of the World Cup will be hosted by Russian TV presenter Maria Komandnaya and former England footballer Gary Lineker. World Cup on the stage of the State Kremlin Palace will be carried out by the world champion in Germany Miroslav Klose. Diego Maradona of Argentina, Fabio Cannavaro of Italy, Carles Puyol of Spain, Cafu of Brazil, Laurent Blanc of France, Gordon Banks of England and Diego Forlan of Uruguay will determine the composition of the 2018 World Cup group. All of these players (with the exception of Forlan) have won world championships with their respective countries. 91-year-old Nikita Simonyan will be the representative of Russian football.
6. Are the calendar and grid known?
It is already known that in the first round of the playoffs, teams from group A will play with teams from group B.
7. With whom did the Russian team play at the World Championships?
At the 2002 World Cup in Japan, the national team was placed in Group H with Japan, Belgium and Tunisia. Russian national team group stage managed to win only one victory over Tunisia (2:0) and finished the 2002 World Cup in third place in the group.
In 2014, at the World Championships in Brazil, Russia's group rivals were Belgium, Algeria and South Korea. Wards at that time Fabio Capello took third place in group H and could not reach the playoffs of the tournament.
Given these results, I would not want the Belgians and teams from North Africa and Asia to become the rivals of the Russian team at the 2018 World Cup.
Competition draw script
"Teacher of the Year - 2013"
OPENING WITH THE CONCERT NUMBER "TEACHER'S WALTZ"
Presenter 1 . Good afternoon dear friends!
Lead 2 . Hello dear teachers!
Presenter 1 . We are pleased to welcome you to our hall.
Lead 2 . There is very little left before the start of the annual competition of professional skills "Teacher of the Year - 2013". Competition is a small life. And life, as you know, is like a series of discoveries, which every day surprises us with bright meetings and events.
Presenter 1 . In our hall there are the head of the department of education of the Administration of the city of Noyabrsk …………………..
Lead 2 . The protocol of the draw is kept by ………………………
Lead 1.
The teachers are all wonderful
Everyone is good at something
Only better than the competitors
Don't try, you won't find it!
Lead 2.
Who teaches, sparing no effort,
Countries of the great generation?
In whom the ardor of daring has not cooled down?
Who are the daily struggles
He erected in honor of a man,
Health spending hourly?
Who is the halo above?
Who always looks great?
Of course! Educator! Yes!
Humane, wise and calm,
Always on guard of conscience
Beautiful, strict and worthy!
Presenter 1 . Our stage is happy to host today's contestants. And I would like to be the first to present with special pride the participants of the competition in the nomination "Preschool teacher". So let's hear their names:
Lead 2.
Beyond mountains and forests
Wizards live now
They come to school with you.
Or rather, a little earlier than you.
You rediscovered with them
And the star world, and the distance of the earth.
They inspired you with a dream
Hearts lit with hope.
Does it snow, does autumn rustle,
Tearing off yellow leaves
They always bring
And generously give you spring ...
Presenter 1 . We are pleased to present the participants of the competition in the nomination "Subject Teacher"!
Lead 2.
Much more is new for you.
In your favorite profession.
But they turned out great
You are immediately in the learning process!
Although we got to know you a little,
but we believe you will succeed!
And everyone in your lesson
Good things to learn!
Presenter 1 . We are pleased to present the participants of the competition in the nomination "Young Specialist"!
Lead 2 . The floor for greetings is given to the head of the department of education of the Administration of the city of Noyabrsk N.N. Gudkova.
Speech by N.N. Gudkova.
Lead 2.
Teacher! How precious is this word!
How much kindness and kindness in him,
You have often been a strict mentor,
But more often - a source of warmth!
In your work, there were all sorts of things:
There were hardships and the joy of victories,
But the most important thing is that in the souls of children,
You leave every trace!
Creative number.
Presenter 1 . Today is draw day...
Lead 2 . We talked a lot about teachers today! And most importantly, we found out all the teachers are wizards and they live in a fairy-tale land called "Childhood". That's exactly why we invited their colleague for the draw. Meet: professor and concurrently the greatest sage and magician Albus Dumbledore.
Professor : Dear colleagues. I see that you are worried about the upcoming tests. And to help you, I brought the Sorting Hat. She knows exactly what number you will perform under.
They take the hat out onto the stage.
Presenter 1 . I ask the most daring to the stage.
The facilitator reads out the names of the participants from the list. The first participant puts his hand in the hat. At this time, she suddenly begins to move and sneeze.
Hat : Oh, take it away. Bee…. Wait.
The teacher removes his hand. The hat yawns loudly and says it's ready.
The teacher again puts his hand in the hat. The hat voices the actions of the teacher.
For example:
Well well….
Yeah…. It's clear ... Take a number - then.
The teacher takes out a number and calls it.
Hat . Next!
Lead 2 . We wish creative success to all participants of the competition!
Lead 1. Professor, we only helped subject teachers, our educators are next in line.
Professor . I know. To do this, I invited my best student Harry.
Harry Potter comes out.
Harry . Hello. I remember - I remember when I was not yet a wizard and went to Kindergarten I had a wonderful teacher. Extraordinary soul man. It is a special honor for me here and now to help you make a choice to determine the sequence of the Test Project "". Since I am not yet as powerful as the professor to control the Sorting Hat, I have prepared another method for you. Please come on stage one at a time.
The participant exits.
Harry. Please introduce yourself.
The participant says his name.
Harry. I have enchanted coins that give the ability to set the date and time. They will help you find the serial number.
Teachers choose the coin they like.
Lead 2 . Thank you guests. We ask you to stay a little longer and help in two more trials.
The characters sit down in pre-prepared places in the hall.
Lead 1. For the educator, it is important not only to work with children, but also with their parents. Now we will determine in what order you will conduct "Parents' meetings." This will help us Harry, who brought with him the Goblet of Fire.
Harry comes out with a goblet.
Leading 1. I will ask the participants to announce their numbers. So,
Lead 2 . Thank you all, please take your seats.
Presenter 1 . Teachers of the OU of the city are invited to the stage to determine the sequence ....
Professor . This is your last task, but it will also be associated with some difficulties. I will now give you one item that will also help you in choosing a room.
The professor gives the participant an Omninocle. An object that allows you to see what others do not see. Not far from the participants, Harry takes out a number, and the participant looks through the omninocle and announces it.
Lead 2. Thank you all, please take your seats.
Professor. Thank you, dear contestants,
For achievements, muse and talents.
We will never forget about them
We cite you as an example, believe me, always!
Let your deeds be more famous
Competitors - honor and praise! HURRAH!
The characters say goodbye and leave.
Lead 1.
On our holiday of kindness,
Mind and joy of discovery
Can't be defeated
There is only one worthy winner!
Lead 2.
Admiring the contestants involuntarily,
Here comes your finest hour
Declarations of love you are all worthy,
We heartily congratulate you!
Lead 1.
And we want to give you praise
For intelligence, perseverance, creativity, success
And wish you great luck
So many that there would be enough for everyone.
Goodbye! See you soon!
How to conduct an online draw?
This question is asked from time to time by the organizers of poker events. Offline, everything is quite simple: special cards with the designation of the table and position are laid out face down on the table, the participants choose any one they like and take the appropriate place. When it comes to sports, the correctness of such a draw is checked by the chief referee or his assistants, collecting cards from the players. Sometimes a special computer program, then no one has any doubts about the secrecy and honesty of the procedure.
Amateurs have it harder. To draw online, buy special program, for which poker clubs pay a lot of money, no one will. And traditional coin tossing on the Web is definitely not enough. This is how topics appear on the poker forums with requests for help, and the organizers puzzle over the implementation of their plans for days. The main requirement is that the outcome is determined by randomness, blind chance, and not someone else's decision.
You can, of course, puzzle a friend who understands software and writes a program to help. And you can find the right service. Some of them, unfortunately, are in English, but if you wish, it is not so difficult to understand. For example, one of the great sites for tasks of this kind - http://www.random.org/ . There you can flip a virtual coin (Coin Flipper), throw dice (Dice Roller), shuffle cards (Playing Card Shuffler), generate random numbers, etc.
For organizing an online draw, the "randomizer" is also perfect: http://www.random.org/lists/ . In the field that opens, it is enough to enter the names of the players in any order, each in a separate line (ie, in a column). Then click " Randomize" - you're done. An excellent service with a lot of features, almost all emulators are free and available without registration.
In order not to waste time translating from the original, you can try the Russian-language RandomPicker ( http://www.randompicker.com/Default.aspx ). This random generator will help determine the winners and sum up the results of the draw. A free version is available to users, but with one requirement - it must not be for commercial use.
The principle of operation of this online service is similar, you need to copy the list of players into the form and rely on chance. At the same time, the program will not require personal data, observing the principles of security. Different schemes can be used, it is possible to conduct a test draw, deal with the nuances of the system and make sure that the result is always different, and only then proceed to the final stage.
As for the results, RandomPicker allows you to create a visual protocol. It can be published and presented as evidence of the fairness of the draw. Each participant has the right to check whether he was included in the list. Another great opportunity is the Human Auditor service. The draw can be done by a third party, saving time. True, you will have to pay for such a bonus, but the results will not cause doubts.
It is not so easy to conduct a “transparent” and convenient online draw, but it is quite possible. It is enough to choose the best option for the procedure, practice a little to take into account all the nuances, take care of how to present the result to the participants, and, perhaps, that's it. Let him answer randomly for the rest;)