2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid

Chemical properties

Valine is a widespread aliphatic alpha amino acid , is one of 20 proteinogenic essential amino acids . The compound was first isolated from casein in 1901 by chemist E. Fisher.

Chemical formula of Valine: HO2CCH(NH2)CH(CH3)2, R acemic formula of Valin: C5H11NO2 . The molecular weight of the compound \u003d 117.15 grams per mole, the density of the substance is 1.230 grams per ms3. The structural formula of Valin is discussed in detail in the Wikipedia article. The agent has 2 spatial isomers D and L. The amino acid is synthesized in the form of colorless crystals. L-Valine It dissolves well in water, aqueous solutions of alkalis, and is poorly soluble in organic solutions.

A substance can be synthesized by the action NH3 on the alpha bromoisovaleric acid . Since 1982, the product has been produced all over the world, at about 150 tons per year. In a living organism, the amino acid is one of the main components involved in the processes of growth and synthesis of living tissues, increases muscle coordination and reduces the body's sensitivity to pain and other adverse environmental factors. The main sources of Valine are: chicken, salmon and beef; cow's milk, eggs, walnuts; wheat and corn flour; peas and brown rice.

pharmachologic effect

Metabolic.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

This amino acid plays a key role in the processes of synthesis and growth of body tissues, is a source of energy for muscle cells, prevents a drop in the level and development. The substance significantly improves the quality of muscle coordination and reduces the body's sensitivity to cold, heat, pain and stress. The tool has the ability to protect myelin sheath — important part nerve fibers of the brain and spinal cord. This substance is necessary for the body to maintain normal nitrogen metabolism.

The agent achieves its maximum effectiveness in combination with and. This amino acid It is irreplaceable, that is, the body cannot synthesize it on its own. Once in the systemic circulation, the substance is completely metabolized and does not accumulate in the tissues.

Indications for use

Amino acid Valine is prescribed in combination with other drugs:

• to provide parenteral nutrition ;
• as a preventive and remedy with intensive loss of proteins by the body;
• with injuries, burns, sepsis And peritonitis ;
• after extensive surgical interventions;
• as part of the complex treatment of inflammatory diseases of the intestine and gastrointestinal tract;
• at depression , addiction, multiple sclerosis ;
• as a prophylactic for high physical activity.

Contraindications

The tool is contraindicated:

• in case of process violations amino acid metabolism ;
• patients with this substance;
• in severe renal failure or overhydration ;
• sick with metabolic acidosis .

Side effects

The amino acid Valine is generally well tolerated and adverse reactions are extremely rare. Allergic reactions may develop.

Valine, instructions for use (Method and dosage)

Depending on the dosage form and purpose, various treatment regimens with drugs based on Valin are used. The dosage and duration of administration is determined by the attending physician.

Overdose

There are no cases of overdose with this drug.

Interaction

This amino acid can be combined with almost all drugs.

Terms of sale

No prescription required.

special instructions

It is recommended to infuse drugs containing an amino acid slowly in order to increase the effectiveness of therapy.

In case of renal insufficiency, dosage adjustment may be required.

During pregnancy and lactation

The drug can be taken during pregnancy and lactation according to indications.

Preparations containing (Analogues)

Coincidence in the ATX code of the 4th level:

Medicines containing the amino acid Valine: Aminoven , L-Valine , Aminoplasmal B. Brown E 10 , Aminoven Infant ,Kabiven , Aminosol-Neo,Aminoplasmal E , Aminosteril , , Moriamin , Nephrotect , Nutriflex , Cerebrolysate , Hymix .

Valina price, where to buy

The cost of the drug Infezol is about 3500 rubles for 10 bottles, with a capacity of 150 ml. You can buy an amino acid in industrial packaging for about 700 rubles, 200 grams.

The important properties of the amino acid valine are revealed, how to take it correctly and what products it contains.

Amino acid Valine is the third closing element of an important sports supplement, before that, the first 2 elements and were considered.

I don’t want to repeat myself, but it should be recalled that valine belongs to the genus of essential amino acids, it is not produced by the body, but comes with food. It includes a high protein content, in addition, valine is the basis for the formation of the B5 group of vitamins, which helps with physical fatigue and during periods of stress.

Valine Properties

1. SUPPORTS SEROTONIN AND IMPROVES PROTEIN DIGEST- when there is a minimum of valine in the body, then proteins begin to break down, this immediately affects the size of the muscles, which is the most negative for sports, other newly received proteins begin to be absorbed worse when it is deficient.

Also, this amino acid is often used in medicine to eliminate depression, as it increases serotonin in the body, and this is known to be the hormone of joy.

2. KEEPS NORMAL NITROGEN BALANCE– for fitness and bodybuilding, the first priority is to create beautiful figure via set muscle mass in order to gain it, it is necessary to increase the nitrogen balance, valine, including the entire BCAA complex, contributes to this.

3. PARTICIPATE IN THE CREATION OF ENERGY- Valine helps increase muscle contractions, which increases muscle coordination, this is all due to the use of amino acids to release energy into the body, just like isoleucine and leucine do.

4.SPEED UP RECOVERY- a deficiency of this amino acid slows down the body, which in turn reduces the rate of absorption of useful substances by muscle tissues, this all affects both the rate of getting rid of subcutaneous fat and increasing muscle volume.

5.REDUCES THE ACTION OF CORTISOL- valine is important for reducing catabolic processes, which are enemy No. 1 for muscles, he tries to actively destroy them, believing that this is an extra element of the body. Even without visiting gym, you can increase performance and reduce fatigue by taking this sports supplement.

What foods contain valine

It can be found in the following foods:

Salmon fillets

Chicken fillet

Beef

beans

chicken eggs

Milk

How to take valine

For ordinary people who physical activity a burden, doses within 2-4g. daily, for those actively involved in sports, its dosage should be increased from 4 to 12g., The best effect is achieved when taking the entire BCAA complex.

It is necessary to take the dose in 2 equal parts 30 minutes before the start of the workout and after the end of the training. If you need a faster recovery, an additional intake of amino acids will help for this -.

Valine is an aliphatic (branched) amino acid that is part of 70% of proteins, but is not synthesized by the body. Acts as a matrix for the synthesis of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and penicillin (valinomycin). The value of this amino acid is difficult to overestimate: the body is not able to fully function without the L (L) and D (D) isomers of valine, since they supply the energy used in muscle tissue and are responsible for the ability of the body to move in space.

Characteristic

Valine was first obtained in laboratory conditions in 1901 by the German chemist Emil Fischer during the hydrolysis of casein. named after valerian, as it is involved in stimulating the activity of the body, thereby maintaining its structural integrity.

According to its characteristics, valine resembles isoleucine. This amino acid is hydrophobic, therefore almost inert to chemical and biochemical processes in the body, but at the same time determines the three-dimensionality of proteins and can absorb other amino acids.

Valine is also called a glucogenic amino acid for the ability of its isomers to be transformed in the liver into glucose - the most accessible source of energy for muscles. In parallel, vitamin B3 is synthesized from valine isomers.

Pharmacological properties

The very name of the amino acid indicates that its main property is the effect on the central nervous system with the regulation of the processes of inhibition and excitation.

In addition, she:

• shows a stimulating effect;
• enhances regenerative processes in the body;
• increases the resistance of tissues to external influences;
• resists stress and mental strain;
• actively counteracts the development of alcohol and drug addiction;
• balances metabolism, reducing appetite and promoting weight loss;
• reduces the threshold of pain sensitivity, especially when exposed to the temperature factor;
• regulates the production of growth hormone, hemoglobin, the concentration of nitrogen in the body;
• improves the condition with widespread sclerosis.

daily requirement

A person needs about 2-4 g of valine per day. The exact dosage is calculated by the formula: 10 mg of amino acid per 1 kg of body weight. If it is necessary to increase the dose, not 10, but 26 mg of the biosubstance is taken as the starting point.

Remember that when taking valine preparations, any dose calculations are carried out by a doctor, since the compound has serious contraindications for taking and can bring not only benefits, but also harm. In case of insufficiency of liver or kidney function, hemolytic anemia, diabetes, pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, the use of amino acids is limited.

food sources

Since valine is an essential amino acid, its concentration in the body depends solely on intake with foods. The top amino acid content in foods in correlation with nutritional value is presented in the table.

100 g of product	Amino acid in mg
Cheese: Parmesan, Edam, Goat, Processed, Swiss	2500
Cottage cheese, eggs, milk, yogurt	2400
, legumes, nuts, corn	2000
Seaweed, seafood	1950
Meat (except pork)	1900
Poultry, fish (except tuna), pork (tenderloin)	1600
pumpkin seeds	1580
	1500
Mushrooms, wild rice, buckwheat,	400
Whole grains	300

B5 is best absorbed from nuts and eggs.




Indications

• with depression, sleep disorders;
• migraine;
• as a component in the treatment of alcoholism and drug addiction;
• with physical stress;
• its deficiency in the body;
• overweight;
• functional disorders in the food and urinary system;
• detoxification;
• injuries with impaired tissue integrity.



Contraindications

Valine is always prescribed after a clinical and laboratory examination and is contraindicated in case of:

• severe violations of the liver, kidneys, heart;
• pregnancy and breastfeeding;
• if the patient is under 18;
• diabetes mellitus, hepatitis, metabolic disorders;
• individual intolerance.

Side effects

In case of an overdose, symptoms of intoxication are observed: nausea, fever, vomiting, palpitations, delirium.

The lack of valine is manifested by weakness and increased fatigue, impaired concentration.

Interaction with other substances

When taking a substance in combination with other drugs, it is necessary to take into account its features:

• the amino acid is always taken together with leucine and isoleucine (the doctor calculates the dosage);
• valine is never used simultaneously with tryptophan and tyrosine, as it reduces their penetration into brain cells;
• the amino acid is perfectly absorbed during meals - with cereals,

It is one of the ten essential amino acids. It is part of almost all proteins known to us. This amino acid is named after the valerian plant. It has a positive effect on the central and autonomic nervous system. Participates in the growth and synthesis of body tissues. It is a source of energy for muscle cells.

Foods rich in valine:

The approximate amount is indicated in 100 g of the product

General characteristics of valine

Valine belongs to the group of proteinogenic amino acids, which include 20 acids. This aliphatic α-aminoisovaleric acid has chemical formula: C 5 H 11 NO 2 .

It acts as one of the initial substances in the synthesis of pantothenic acid (vitamin B3) and penicillin. Prevents a decrease in the level of serotonin in the body. It is found in large quantities in animal products, rice and nuts.

Daily requirement for valine

For an ordinary person, the daily norm of valine is, on average, 3-4 grams per day. The leaders in the content of this substance are ordinary chicken eggs followed by cow's milk and meat. For vegetarians, nuts, beans, rice, pumpkin seeds and seaweed are suitable.

The need for valine increases:

• in the treatment of painful addictions and addictions;
• with depression;
• in the presence of multiple sclerosis;
• when restoring damaged tissues;
• with a deficiency of amino acids resulting from the intake of certain medications;
• if you suffer from insomnia, irritability and nervousness;
• with increased sensitivity to temperature changes.

The need for valine is reduced:

• with paresthesia (sensation of goosebumps on the skin);
• with sickle cell anemia;
• with disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.

Valine digestibility

Since valine is an essential acid, its absorption occurs through a general interaction with the amino acids L-leucine and L-isoleucine. In addition, valine is very well absorbed from walnuts and quail eggs.

Useful properties of valine and its effect on the body

• valine prevents a decrease in the level of serotonin - the hormone of joy and good mood;
• regulates protein metabolism;
• is a complete source of energy for muscle cells;
• thanks to valine, the synthesis of vitamin B3 is carried out;
• valine is responsible for the absorption of other acids of the proteinogen group;
• increases muscle coordination and reduces the body's sensitivity to cold, heat and pain;
• Valine is essential for maintaining normal nitrogen levels in the body.

Interaction of valine with essential elements

Valine is able to interact well with proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as with slowly digestible carbohydrates (cereals, vegetables, wholemeal bread, bread, muesli). In addition, valine is combined with all the amino acids of the protein group.

Factors affecting the content of valine in the body

Good nutrition and general physical health affect the content of valine in the body. Problems in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract lead to a decrease in the absorption of this amino acid by body cells. Lack of enzymes, diabetes mellitus, liver disease lead to a decrease in the positive effect of amino acids on the body as a whole.

Valine for beauty and health

Valine is used in bodybuilding as a dietary supplement in combination with essential amino acids such as isoleucine and leucine. Such sports nutrition complexes tone muscle tissue and strengthen muscles. Used to build muscle mass.

Since valine is responsible for providing our body with serotonin, a sufficient amount of it in the body leads to cheerfulness, good mood and glitter of eyes. IN sports nutrition Valine is also used as a means to improve protein metabolism.

Based on this, we can conclude that in order to feel good and look beautiful, you should consume products containing valine. Naturally, within the normal range.

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Graduated from: Belarusian State Pedagogical University named after M. Tank. Specialty: social work, pedagogy. Health fitness and bodybuilding courses at the Belarusian State University of Physical Education, at the Department of Health physical culture. CCM in arm wrestling, 1st adult category in hand-to-hand combat. Winner of the Cup of the Republic of Belarus in hand-to-hand combat. Prize-winner of the Republican Dynamiad in hand-to-hand combat.

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Date of: 2014-09-12 Views: 16 339 Amino acids are the main material for protein cells that form hormones, tissues, ligaments. These can be non-essential and non-essential amino acids. Essential amino acids (branched) are very important for the body, especially during physical exertion. Let's analyze essential amino acid- valine. Let's try to understand its effectiveness and methods of application. Valine is a branched-chain amino acid. Its synthesis in the body is not carried out and it must be supplied with food. Included in many proteins. There is a lot of it in albumins and connective tissue proteins. Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) is synthesized from valine. Vitamin B5 is an excellent substance to combat stress and physical fatigue.

Functions of valine

1. Restores muscle tissue after heavy physical exertion.

Accelerates protein synthesis, which cannot but affect and. Without branched-chain amino acids, in particular valine, metabolism slows down. Also, the regeneration process becomes impossible.

2. Participates in the formation of energy.

Valine is used by the muscles to release energy, along with isoleucine and leucine, as it has developed side chains in its structure. Improves coordination muscle contractions thus increasing the dexterity and accuracy of movements.

3. Participates in maintaining nitrogen balance.

In bodybuilding, to gain muscle mass, athletes try to change the nitrogen balance in a positive direction. Therefore, which contains valine, is taken together with.

4. Participates in maintaining the level of serotonin and the absorption of other proteins.

Due to this function, cases of the use of valine in medicine are not uncommon. It is used in the treatment of depression. If the body is deficient in valine, this leads to the destruction of contractile proteins. Even a slight lack of valine can lead to impaired absorption of other proteins. Valine is found in the following foods:

• Beef,
• Chicken fillet,
• Salmon,
• Cow's milk,
• Chicken eggs,
• legumes,

When and to whom it is desirable to apply

The ideal time to take a valine supplement is during the bulking period. This will strengthen the muscles and lower cortisol levels. Therefore, if you decide to gain a few kilograms of muscle mass, then valine will be a good helper in this matter. If you don't visit gym, this does not mean that your body does not need valine. Valine improves protein metabolism, which means that your performance will increase and the impact of stress will be minimal. As you can see, valine is always needed, whether it's hard training or hard working days.

Dosages and side effects

For a person who is not involved in sports, the daily dose of valine is 2-4 g. For people who exercise power types sports, this rate is higher. It is best taken with leucine and isoleucine. This is possible thanks to the BCAA supplement. A good and working dosage is up to 12 g, while you need to use amino acids before and after strength or cardio training. In order to speed up the recovery process after a workout, it is recommended to take valine together with. Bringing the body to an overabundance of valine is unrealistic. Especially if you train hard and lead an active lifestyle. Valin has no contraindications. Personal fitness training from the author of this article:

• drafting training programs and food online,
• weight loss and adjustment
• set of muscle mass,
• exercise therapy at various diseases(including the back)
• rehabilitation after injury,