But it is not all that bad. Some buildings of that time, statues, sculptures, household items have been preserved. Their scientists have been slowly and confidently digging up for almost two centuries. There is also documentary evidence. With their help, historians managed to recreate a completely objective picture.
It should also be understood that the period of the ancient Olympic movement covers more than a thousand and a hundred years. This is a huge number of generations of the best of top athletes. These are almost 300 Olympiads, which were held constantly, continuously, every four years, twelve centuries in a row.
How it all began
If we fast forward to the thousandth year of the ancient era, we will find ourselves in an era when Olympia became a real temple of the god Zeus - the lord of the sky, thunder and lightning. This supreme god had a long mythical history before his localization on Mount Olympus and won great love and worship of ordinary people.
And this is the goddess Nike, the goddess of victory. She symbolized a winged spirit, thirsting for superiority.
So, observing numerous religious rituals, competitions began to emerge. The first is running. Men made a ritual run to the altar of Zeus, giving their energy. It happened in 776 BC. e. Athletes consider this year a birthday athletics.
It must be understood that religious rites were held before, just from 776 BC. e. started documenting. There are references to the Olympics in fiction as well. For example, the poet Homer, in his work The Iliad, notes the Olympic competitions.
Many scholars believe that records began to be kept because writing appeared. In the non-literate era, this was simply impossible.
nudity
Nudity is perhaps the most surprising and amusing aspect of the ancient games. After all, all competition athletes were without clothes.
It is believed that this tradition was picked up by athletes, after in 720 BC. e. an interesting incident happened. It happened that during the competition, one athlete named Arsip, who came to the finish line first, was completely naked. He lost his armband due to fast running. All athletes decided to continue to compete naked. Very quickly, this custom spread, it was picked up by athletes in all forms.
This transition was natural. In ancient Greece, the cult of the perfect body was very great. Greeks admired ideal forms and strength, which gave constant training.
In addition, many scientists believe that nudity is the result of the behavior that was common in a society where homosexuality was not something shameful.
Not everyone knows that the very word gymnasium "gymnasion" - where the Greeks studied, denotes a place for exercises, and the word "gymnos" - naked, naked.
Gymnasiums just appeared during the development of the Olympic movement, in the 600s BC. e. Gymnasiums were originally used as a place for training.
Although there is no direct link between competitive nudity and homosexuality, both of these phenomena influenced each other.
Who can participate and who can't
In the very first games, only locals Olympia. This went on for more than a hundred years, until all Greek citizens were allowed to participate in the competition. Even later, residents of the Greek colonies were allowed to compete.
There were other restrictions as well. The athlete had to have an impeccable reputation. Offenders, slaves, foreigners were not allowed to play.
There were no age restrictions. If the young man felt the strength in himself, desired fame and met the above requirements, he could compete on an equal footing with adult men. However, gradually, various distinctions were introduced.
Although the primary goal was the Olympics, the people gathered in pursuit of secondary goals. It was a meeting place for prominent figures of that time.
Aristotle, Socrates, Plato, Herodotus - they had the opportunity to announce their works to a large number of those gathered. 
Since the position of a woman in ancient Greek society was much lower in status than that of a man, they had no right to either take part in competitions or be present as a spectator. Even approaching a sacred place, crossing the Altis River, was strictly forbidden for a woman. The violator was punishable by death - she was thrown into the abyss.
True, there were exceptions.
➤ There is evidence that priestesses could get to the festival. This is a separate part of the female population, worshiping the goddess Aphrodite. In fact, priestesses are prostitutes hiding behind religious canons.
➤ Oddly enough, a woman of high class could set her quadriga, and was allowed to enter the hippodrome.
➤ Scientists have information that virgins of rich and noble parents could watch the brutal games of naked men. Such an introductory foreplay prepared them for the idea of marriage and allowed them to look at the best of the best representatives of the opposite sex.
Organization of games
The month of August was chosen as the time for the games, during the period of the full moon. Athletes arrived thirty days before the opening and they began training under the supervision of judges (ellanodics). These members of the Ancient Greek Committee could remove an athlete from the competition if he violated the generally accepted rules.
Here is the tunnel, which heard the steps of brave athletes and the numerous cries of the crowd that greeted them.
Long before the opening, a large public also gathered. A huge tent city was formed around the stadium in fields and olive groves - the progenitor of our Olympic villages.
The Games were of such great importance and such respect among many neighboring countries that representatives of states came here to this moment were at war. That is why the truce was signed. For this, a sacred disk was used. All arriving guests were protected by a truce.
The wars that this region has always been rich in were stopped. True, there is evidence that these truces were repeatedly violated.
After the first Olympiads, the Hellanodics decided to divide the sports in such a way that there would be some kind of competition for each year. If an athlete won in a row in all four games, he received the title - periodonik. For the entire centuries-old period of periodonics, there are forty-six people.
First day
There were no competitions on this day. This day was dedicated to religious cleansing. Athletes visited the sanctuary in which they sacrificed. More often than others, there is information that the genitals of a bull were to become a victim.
After the sacrifice, the athletes vowed to compete fairly. The oath was very serious, and the violator was severely punished.
He was not easily removed from the competition, but he was subjected to a huge fine. And the lack of money could lead to slavery.
Types of Olympic Games
About every kind sports games have something to say. All these types of competitions are the progenitors of today's sports.
Run
The very first view, from which it all began, was of particular importance. After all, each subsequent Olympics was given the name of an olympionist who won in running.Athletes ran along paths that differed little from modern ones. There were even notches at the start, for emphasis with toes.
Sprinters ran a distance of approximately 180 meters. 20 runners could run at the same time. Starting positions for complete honesty were played by lot.
False starts were strictly forbidden. Those who broke from the start, before the allotted time, were beaten with sticks. In the IV century BC. e. this problem was solved - they invented a fair start mechanism.
It is not known what results the Greeks showed in the races. No one recorded the results and did not compare with the previous ones. Nevertheless, there are various data that there were athletes who overtook hares, did not leave marks in the sand, and came to the finish line with a large lead over their opponents.
There were other types of races: a double-distance race, competitions in dolichos (long run), in combat uniforms, which were about 20 kilograms.
Of the most famous runners of that time, Leonid of Rhodes is considered the most famous. He won four Olympiads in 164-152 BC. e. In races at various distances, including with equipment. He received 12 Olympic wreaths. In his homeland, the island of Rhodes, a monument was erected to Leonid of Rhodes with the inscription: "He ran like a god."
Fight
Although the fighters fought according to certain rules - it was a desperate and tough competition. Cases when athletes gave their lives in the ring were not uncommon. For the sake of glory, athletes were ready for a lot. They were extolled for courage, heroism, courage and the will to win.
From 688 B.C. e. The Hellanodics decided to include fisticuffs in the program. A little later, wrestling was added, and in 648 the most cruel kind, pankration, entered the Olympics program.
Paekration is a fight without limits and rules. Everything is allowed. Unless there is a ban on biting and eye gouging. In such competitions, the risk of injury and even being killed was very high, which was especially liked by the bloodthirsty public.
Archaeologists have found information about the magnificent hero Milo of Croton, who lived around 520 BC. e., who became the winner of six Olympiads in a row. He possessed inhuman strength.
From 146 BC. e., the Olympics had new owners - the Romans. Apparently, it seemed to them that there was not enough blood. And the rivals began to insert spikes into their leather belts to wrap their hands. Fisticuffs have become like knife fights. Many dropped out of the competition after the first blow.
The draw was not recognized. If the opponents showed the same preparation, the judges announced the climax. The fighters began an exchange of open blows.
The fight could go on for several hours. Athletes fought to the death, as in a war, on the battlefield and were ready to die, trying to snatch victory at any cost.
Chariots
This is real recklessness and risk. Here, too, not everyone reached the finish line. Nobility was not thought of in these competitions. Everyone fought desperately and hard.
It was a test of skill. After all, the charioteer was not cleaned in any way. 44 chariots could participate in the race at the same time. Each quadriga was harnessed to four the best horses.
Women could also exhibit their quadrigas. And the winner was not a desperate charioteer, but the owner of the quadriga. In the entire centuries-old history of the Olympic Games, one woman received the winner's wreath. It was the daughter of the reigning emperor at that time.
The greatest number of accidents happened on U-turns. This is the place where the athletes were simply thrown from the chariots. Collisions of several quadrigas led to the inversion of " Vehicle”, to knocking horses off their feet, to collapse and the formation of congestion for other rushing and unable to slow down crews. The degree of danger was absurd. The described case is known when 43 out of 44 chariots crashed in the race.
After the chariot races, Horse Racing. These were no less difficult competitions, where jockeys on bareback horses controlled them only with their own knees and a whip.
Pentathlon
In the pentathlon, various qualities were valued, but balance and grace were extolled. Here you can see the proportions human body. These athletes served as a model. From their ideal bodies sculptors depicted the gods.The winner of the pentathlon was recognized as the main athlete of the games!
It was necessary to participate in the race, then in the jumps, to throw the discus and the spear perfectly, and also to prove myself in the fight. Ancient competitions were very different from modern ones. On the mines there was a special loop that increased the flight range. The throwing disc weighed 6 kilograms 800 grams - three times heavier than what is thrown now.
An intriguing difference is seen in the long jumps, which were performed with weights in hand to increase the momentum and length of the jump. The weight of the cargo ranged from 2 to 7 kilograms. Indeed, if the inertial force is skillfully used during the jump, the load will literally drag the jumper forward.
It is not known how true the information that has survived to this day is that the jumper Fail, who participated in the 110th Olympiad, jumped over the jumping pit. It was a standard pit for those times - 15 meters.
Rewarding
The judges announced the official winner. It could be a participant who died during the competition. Then the joy was overshadowed.
Alive and healthy, the winner received an olive wreath, ascended a bronze tripod and greeted numerous fans from the pedestal. The bust was installed for the most capable athletes who were able to win the competition three or more times.
The athlete was immediately included in the circle of the elite!
Returning home, the Olympian was considered a hero and received numerous gifts. The heroes of the games were worshiped as gods, believing that since the gods were merciful to the champion and allowed him to surpass his rivals, he was endowed with some kind of higher power.
The sweat of such an athlete became an expensive commodity. It was collected from the athlete's body along with dust, placed in small containers and sold. Sweat was used as a magical potion.
Honored only the winner. There were no silver or bronze winners.
Interruption of the Olympic Games
The ancient games disappeared when Olympia itself disappeared.
Historians have established that last olympiad antiquity passed in 394 AD. Emperor Theodosius I banned it by his decree. He was a deeply religious peasant, and considered games as a manifestation of paganism.
Theodosius I's son, Theodosius II completed the work begun by his father. With the help of fire, he dealt with the sanctuary and the temple of Zeus.
The cessation of the Olympic Games was the result of a change in religion!
But more recently, archaeologists have found marble tablets with inscriptions left by fourteen different athletes who have been Olympic winners since 394. The inscriptions are made one after another in different handwriting, the last one at the end of the 4th century AD. It turns out that history did not take into account 120 years.
True, such evidence to the scientific world was not enough. In addition, they do not fit well with the reality of the historical events of that time. Supporters of this version will have to sweat a lot, looking for additional information.
The final correction of the place, so glorified by the ancient Greeks, was made by nature itself. At the beginning of the fifth century, two earthquakes took place here, thoroughly destroying the remaining buildings. Toward the sixth century, these places suffered from extensive floods that destroyed the remains of ancient Olympia. For a long thirteen centuries, the ruins of ancient civilization were hidden under an eight-meter layer of dirt and earth.
The excavations began in 1829 and do not stop to this day, enabling us to form an objective picture of the past.
But that is another story...
The first Olympic Games took place in Olympia in 776 BC. This date has survived to this day thanks to the custom of the ancient Greeks to engrave names Olympic champions(they were then called olympionics) on marble columns that were installed on the banks of the Alpheus River. The marble preserved not only the date, but also the name of the first winner. It was Koreb, a cook from Elis. The first 13 games involved only one type of competition - running for one stage. According to Greek myth, this distance was measured by Hercules himself, and it was equal to 192.27 m. Hence the well-known word "stadium" came from. Initially, athletes from two cities took part in the games - Elisa and Pisa. But soon they gained immense popularity, spreading to all Greek states. At the same time, another remarkable tradition arose: throughout the Olympic Games, the duration of which was constantly increasing, there was a "holy truce" for all the fighting armies.Not every athlete could become a participant in the games. The law forbade slaves and barbarians from performing at the Olympics, i.e. foreigners. Athletes from among the free-born Greeks had to sign up with the judges a year before the opening of the competition. Just before opening Olympic Games they had to provide evidence that they had been preparing for the competition for at least ten months, keeping fit with daily exercises. Only for the winners of the previous Olympic Games, an exception was made. The announcement of the upcoming Olympic Games caused an extraordinary stir among the male population throughout Greece. People flocked to Olympia. True, women were forbidden to attend the games under pain of death.
ancient olympics program
Gradually, more and more new sports were added to the program of games. In 724 B.C. diaul was added to the run for one stage (stadiodrome) - a run for a distance of 384.54 m, in 720 BC. - dolichodrome or running on the 24th stage. In 708 BC The pentathlon was included in the program of the Olympic Games, consisting of running, long jump, wrestling, discus throwing and javelin throwing. Then the first wrestling competitions took place. In 688 BC included in the Olympic program fist fight, two more Olympiads - a chariot race, and in 648 BC. - the most cruel type of competition - pankration, which combined the techniques of wrestling and fisticuffs.
The winners of the Olympic Games were revered as demigods. Throughout their lives, they were given all sorts of honors, and after the death of an Olympionist, they were ranked among the host of “small gods”.
After the adoption of Christianity, the Olympic Games began to be perceived as one of the manifestations of paganism, and in 394 BC. Emperor Theodosius I banned them.
revived Olympic Movement only at the end of the nineteenth century, thanks to the Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin. And, of course, the first revived Olympic Games were held on Greek soil - in Athens, in 1896.
When and where did the Olympic Games appear? And who is the founder of the Olympic Games, you will learn from this article.
Brief History of the Olympic Games
The Olympic Games originated in Ancient Greece, because the athleticism inherent in the Greeks became the reason for the emergence of sports games. The founder of the Olympic Games is King Enomai, who organized sports games for those who wanted to take his daughter Hippodamia as a wife. According to legend, he was predicted that his son-in-law would be the cause of death. Therefore, young people who won in certain competitions died. Only the cunning Pelops overtook Oenomaus in chariots. So much so that the king broke his neck and died. The prediction came true, and Pelops, becoming king, established every 4 years to organize the Olympic Games in Olympia.
It is believed that in Olympia, the place where the first Olympic Games were held, the first competitions took place in 776 BC. The name of that who was the first winner of the games in ancient Greece - Koreb from Elis, who won the race.
olympic games in ancient greece sports
For the first 13 games, the only sport in which the participants competed was running. Then there was the pentathlon. It included running, javelin throwing, long jump, discus throwing, wrestling. A little later, a chariot race and fisticuffs were added.
The modern program of the Olympic Games includes 7 winter and 28 summer species sports, that is, 15 and 41 disciplines, respectively. Everything depends on the season.
As soon as the Romans annexed Greece to Rome, the number of nationalities that could take part in the games increased. Gladiator fights have been added to the program of competitions. But in 394 AD, Emperor Theodosius I, an admirer of Christianity, canceled the Olympic Games, considering them entertainment for the pagans.
The Olympic Games have sunk into oblivion for as long as 15 centuries. The first who took a step towards the revival of forgotten competitions was the Benedictine monk Bernard de Montfaucon. He was interested in the history and culture of ancient Greece and insisted that excavations should be carried out in the place where the famous Olympia once stood.
In 1766, Richard Chandler found the ruins of unknown structures of antiquity near Mount Kronos. It was part of the temple wall. In 1824, Lord Stanhof, an archaeologist, began excavations on the banks of the Alpheus. In 1828, the baton of the excavations of Olympia was picked up by the French, and in 1875 by the Germans.
Pierre de Coubertin statesman France insisted that the Olympic Games should be restarted. And in 1896, the first revived Olympic Games were held in Athens, which are still popular today.
We hope that from this article you have learned where and when the Olympic Games originated.
History of the Olympic Games
Once every four years, the Olympic Games are held - the so-called sports competitions, in which the best athletes from around the world participate. Each of them dreams of becoming an Olympic champion and receiving a gold, silver or bronze medal as a reward. Almost 11 thousand athletes from over 200 countries of the world came to the 2016 Olympic competitions in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro.
Although these sports are mostly played by adults, some sports, as well as the history of the Olympic Games, can also be very exciting for children. And, probably, both children and adults would be interested to know when the Olympic Games appeared, how they got such a name, and also what types sports exercises were in the first competition. In addition, we will learn how the modern Olympic Games are held, and what their emblem means - five multi-colored rings.
The birthplace of the Olympic Games is Ancient Greece. The earliest historical records of the ancient Olympic Games were found on Greek marble columns engraved with the date 776 BC. However, it is known that sports in Greece took place much earlier than this date. Therefore, the history of the Olympics has been around for about 2800 years, and this, you see, is quite a lot.
Do you know who, according to history, became one of the first Olympic champions? - This was ordinary cook Korybos from the city of Elis, whose name is still engraved on one of those marble columns.
The history of the Olympic Games is rooted in the ancient city - Olympia, from where the name of this sports festival. This settlement is in a very beautiful place- near Mount Kronos and on the banks of the Alpheus River, and it is here from ancient times to the present day that the ceremony of lighting the torch with the Olympic flame takes place, which is then relayed to the city of the Olympic Games.
You can try to find this place on a world map or in an atlas and at the same time check yourself - can I find Greece first, and then Olympia?
How were the Olympic Games in ancient times?
First in sports competitions only local residents took part, but then everyone liked it so much that people from all over Greece and its subordinate cities began to come here, even from the Black Sea itself. People got there as best they could - someone rode a horse, someone had a wagon, but most people went to the holiday on foot. The stadiums were always crowded with spectators - everyone really wanted to see sports competitions with their own eyes.
It is also interesting that in those days when the Olympic competitions were going to be held in Ancient Greece, a truce was declared in all cities and all wars stopped for about a month. For ordinary people, it was a calm peaceful time, when they could take a break from everyday affairs and have fun.
For a whole 10 months, the athletes trained at home, and then for another month in Olympia, where experienced coaches helped them prepare as best as possible for the competition. At the beginning of sports games, everyone took an oath, the participants - that they would compete honestly, and the judges - to judge fairly. Then the competition itself began, which lasted 5 days. The beginning of the Olympic Games was announced with the help of a silver trumpet, which was blown several times, inviting everyone to gather in the stadium.
What sports were at the Olympic Games in ancient times?
These were:
- running competitions;
- fight;
- long jump;
- javelin and discus throw;
- hand-to-hand combat;
- chariot racing.
The best athletes were awarded an award - a laurel wreath or an olive branch, the champions solemnly returned to their hometown and were considered respected people until the end of their lives. Banquets were held in their honor, and sculptors made marble statues for them.
Unfortunately, in 394 AD, the Olympic Games were banned by the Roman emperor, who did not like such competitions very much.
Olympic Games today
The first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896, in the parent country of these games - Greece. You can even calculate how long the break was - from 394 to 1896 (it turns out 1502 years). And now, after so many years in our time, the birth of the Olympic Games became possible thanks to one famous French baron, his name was Pierre de Coubertin.
Pierre de Coubertin the founder of the modern Olympic Games.
This man really wanted to more people engaged in sports and proposed to resume the Olympic Games again. Since then, sports games have been held every four years, with the maximum preservation of the traditions of ancient times. But now the Olympic Games began to be divided into winter and summer, which alternate with each other.
Traditions and symbols of the Olympic Games
Olympic rings
Probably, each of us has seen the emblem of the Olympics - intertwined colored rings. They were chosen for a reason - each of the five rings means one of the continents:
- blue ring - a symbol of Europe,
- black - Africa,
- red - America,
- yellow - Asia,
- the green ring is the symbol of Australia.
And the fact that the rings are intertwined with each other means the unity and friendship of people on all these continents, despite the different skin colors.
olympic flag
The white flag with the Olympic emblem was chosen as the official flag of the Olympic Games. White is a symbol of peace in time Olympic competitions just like in ancient Greece. At each Olympics, the flag is used at the opening and closing of sports games, and then transferred to the city in which the next Olympics will take place four years later.
olympic fire
Even in ancient times, a tradition arose to light a fire during the Olympic Games, and it has survived to this day. It is very interesting to watch the ceremony of lighting the Olympic flame, it is reminiscent of an ancient Greek theatrical production.
It all starts in Olympia a few months before the start of the competition. For example, the fire for the Brazilian Olympic Games was lit in Greece back in April of this year.
In Greek Olympia, eleven girls gather, dressed in long white dresses, as they used to be in Ancient Greece, then one of them takes a mirror and, with the help of sunlight, lights a specially prepared torch. This is the fire that will burn throughout the entire period of the Olympic competition.
After the torch lights up, it is handed over to one of the best athletes, who will then carry it first through the cities of Greece, and then deliver it to the country in which the Olympic Games will be held. Further, the torch relay passes through the cities of the country and, finally, arrives at the place where sports competitions will be held.
A large bowl is installed in the stadium and a fire is lit in it with the torch that came from distant Greece. The fire in the bowl will burn until all sports are over, then it goes out, and this symbolizes the end of the Olympic Games.
Opening and closing ceremony of the Olympics
It is always a bright and colorful sight. Each country hosting the Olympic Games tries to surpass the previous one in this component, sparing no effort or means. For the production, the latest achievements of science and technology, innovative technologies and developments are used. In addition, a large number of volunteers are involved. The most famous people countries: artists, composers, athletes, etc.
Awarding of winners and prize-winners
When the first Olympic Games were held, the winners received a laurel wreath as a reward. However modern champions are no longer awarded with laurel wreaths, but with medals: first place - Golden medal, second place - silver, and third - bronze.
It is very interesting to watch the competitions, but it is even more interesting to see how the champions are awarded. The winners go to a special pedestal with three steps, according to occupied places, they are awarded medals and raise the flags of the countries where these athletes came from.
That's the whole history of the Olympic Games, for children, I think, the above information will be interesting and useful
In time immemorial organized by Hercules in the 1210s. They were held once every five years, but then for unknown reasons this tradition was interrupted and was revived under King Ifit.
The first Olympic Games in Greece were not numbered, they were called solely by the name of the winner, and in the then only type of competition - running a certain distance.
Ancient authors, based on materials, began counting the competitions from 776 BC. e., it was from this year that the Olympic Games became known by the name of the athlete who won them. However, there is an opinion that they simply failed to establish the names of the earlier winners, and therefore the holding itself could not be considered a valid and reliable fact at that time.
The first Olympic Games were held in Olympia - a town located in southern Greece. Participants and tens of thousands of spectators from many cities of Hellas traveled to the place by sea or by land.
Runners, as well as wrestlers, throwers of discs or spears, jumpers, fisticuffs participated in competitions in agility and strength. The games were held in the hottest month of the summer, and at this time wars between the policies were forbidden.
Heralds throughout the year carried the news to the cities of all Greece about the announcement of the sacred world and that the roads leading to Olympia were safe.
All Greeks had the right to participate in the competition: the poor, and the noble, and the rich, and the humble. Only women were not allowed to attend them, even as spectators.
The first, as well as the subsequent ones, in Greece were dedicated to the great Zeus, it was an exclusively male holiday. According to legend, one very brave Greek woman in men's clothing secretly entered the city of Olympia to watch her son perform. And when he won, the mother, unable to restrain herself, rushed to him in delight. The unfortunate woman was supposed to be executed according to the law, but out of respect for her victorious offspring, they were pardoned.
Almost ten months before the start of the Olympic Games, everyone who was going to participate in them was required to start training in their cities. Day after day, for ten consecutive months, the athletes practiced continuously, and a month before the opening of the competition they arrived in southern Greece and there, not far from Olympia, continued their training.
Usually, most of the participants in the games were usually wealthy people, because the poor could not afford to train for a whole year and not work.
The first Olympic Games lasted only five days.
On the fifth day, a table made of ivory and gold was set up in front of the temple of the main god Zeus, and awards for the winners were placed on it - olive wreaths.
The winners approached one by one to the supreme judge, who placed these award wreaths on their heads. When publicly announced the name of the athlete and his city. At the same time, the audience exclaimed: “Glory to the winner!”.
The fame of the Olympic Games has survived many centuries. And today every inhabitant of the planet knows five rings, which mean the unity of the continents.
The first Olympic Games of modern times laid the foundation for the tradition of taking the oath. There is also another wonderful tradition: to light in Greece, as in ancient times, olympic fire, and then carry it in a relay race through the countries in the hands of people devoted to the sport, to the venue of the next Olympics.
And although as a result of a strong earthquake all Olympic buildings of antiquity were wiped off the face of the earth, however, in the 18th century, as a result of excavations in ancient Olympia, many attributes of the then games were found.
And already at the end of the 19th century, the permanent and first Baron de Coubertin, inspired by the works of the archaeologist Curtius, revived the games, and also wrote a code that defines the rules for their conduct - the “Olympic Charter”.