Everyone knows that best business- business growing out of a hobby. There are many articles on the Internet on this topic, but almost nothing could be found about how you can make money on fishing. When the professionalism of an angler reaches a certain level, the question arises: can fishing bring not only joy, but also a decent income. We invite you to discuss this topic here. And for starters, let's try to list the possible earning options for a fisherman. So, in order:

2. You can organize courses for beginner fishermen and conduct master classes for beginners.

3. Do you have a huge tackle collection? Excellent. You can rent them out, but at the same time select the right gear for a particular type of fishing or for a particular area.

4. Set up a tent on the shore in a fishing spot, offer bait and bait for sale.

5. Take out amateurs for fishing, act as a guide, help choose a place for successful fishing.

6. Rent out boats, tents.

7. Write and sell books about fishing, write articles for fishing magazines.

8. Craft unique fishing gear.

9. Advise online shoppers to help them choose the right gear.

How and where sea delicacies get to Moscow

Many companies sell caviar, scallops, red fish and other seafood delicacies in Moscow. But an entrepreneur from Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Mikhail Demyanenko, did not see much competition in this - and founded his own project in the capital with the sonorous name "Lord of the Seas". He knows most of his clients personally, and new customers come on the recommendations of friends and acquaintances. Mikhail Demyanenko told the website about how to succeed in a competitive market with the help of an individual approach.

Mikhail Demyanenko, 36, entrepreneur from Moscow, founder of a seafood company. A financier by education (specialist in non-profit organizations). For 6 years he managed a credit cooperative in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. He founded his own project "Lord of the Seas" in 2014 in Moscow.

From finance to seafood

Until 2014, entrepreneur Mikhail Demyanenko ran his own financial company in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. At work, he often traveled to conferences where he talked with people from other cities. So he made several dozen acquaintances throughout Russia. They all knew that Mikhail lived in the Far East, and every year many of them asked to send them red caviar for the New Year holidays.

After the 2014 crisis, investors began to withdraw funds from Demyanenko's company, after which it went bankrupt. Mikhail no longer saw the prospects for a financial business in the small Komsomolsk-on-Amur. He considered the most realistic option for further activities to be the supply of caviar and other seafood to Moscow.

Before that, Mikhail had not dealt with the supply of fish, except for New Year's orders to his acquaintances from other cities. But he had friends in the Far East who worked in this area. One of them gave him a 600-kilogram batch of red caviar for sale. Mikhail did not have to invest in this supply - the partners agreed on the calculation as sales progressed. All caviar was obtained officially, it had all the necessary documents.

At the end of November 2014, Mikhail brought all the caviar to Moscow. Air transportation of cargo cost about 25,000 rubles - almost as much as a ticket (at that time the cost of air transportation was much lower, now the transportation of the same batch of caviar would cost about 100 thousand rubles).

Mikhail decided to sell caviar in the capital to his Facebook friends. Before arriving, he sent out about 300 offers to sell caviar. In the first week, about 70 kg of caviar were bought from Mikhail. The first buyers began to recommend it to their friends. During the three weeks spent in Moscow in December 2014, he managed to sell more than half of the lot via Facebook. Mikhail realized that there was a demand for the delicacy, and decided to add other types of seafood and fish to his offer.

“In Moscow, I went to shops selling fish. I studied the offers in online stores - what and how much they sell, what quality. I realized that there is a big problem with fish here, the niche is not bad, you can work in it,” says Mikhail Demyanenko.

He decided to call his new project "Lord of the Seas". Mikhail sought to pick up a loud and memorable name. In addition, to some extent it contains a family history: the surname of grandfather Mikhail is Vladyko.

More fish, good and different

In January 2015, Mikhail personally selected a batch of crabs, scallops, shrimp and other delicacies in the Far East. And two weeks later I met the cargo in Moscow. He sent a proposal for new types of seafood to the same database on Facebook. Everything sold out within a month. In February 2016, the revenue amounted to about 800,000 rubles.

Then Demyanenko began to form parties remotely, without coming to the Far East. The cargo was sent to him from there by his confidants. It also included fish. Mikhail began to buy it from Moscow wholesalers. The fish at the “Lord of the Seas” is not only from the Far East, some species come from Murmansk, as well as from other cities and countries.

After the sale of the first batches, Mikhail decided to master the production of fish cooking. By that time he realized that raw fish not everyone needs. Many do not like or do not want to cook fish, not everyone has time for this.

“At one time I swore that I would never get into catering. But when I wanted hot smoked fish, I bought mackerel - and got poisoned. After that, I realized that in Moscow you can’t eat processed fish at all. I assembled my first smokehouse in a cottage near Moscow, where I lived at that time, and began to master pickling and smoking, ”recalls the founder of“ Lord of the Seas ”.

Rare Ambassador

To offer his Moscow customers something special, Demyanenko learned how to cook herring and salmon using the dry salting method. He claims that this method is almost never used in Moscow.

“To make dry-cured fish on an industrial scale, you need a lot of work surfaces. There should be a spacious workshop where you can lay out the fish, pickle and dry it in the same place. On an industrial scale, all fish is salted with saline. But with this method, it is difficult to maintain the same level of salting: the fish may turn out to be under-salted or over-salted, ”explains Mikhail.

Before smoking, the fish is rolled in salt, while the processing time and technology depend on the size of the fish. It takes about 18 hours for salmon weighing 7-8 kg. During this time, it is salted out by about a third. When the fish is in the refrigerator "for ripening", the salt is evenly distributed throughout the thickness of the entire layer. As a result, the fish is lightly salted, dense, without foreign flavors.

Since the summer of 2017, Mikhail has been smoking fish at one of the Moscow enterprises, which has the necessary equipment. At the same time, he himself salts each batch of fish and controls its smoking.

“It cannot be called industrial production. It's more of a handmade one. I can say I know the name of each fish. By and large, this is the only way I can be sure of the quality,” says Mikhail.

Issue price

Now in the assortment of the "Lord of the Seas" about 90 types of products. Most popular positions slightly salted salmon and homemade herring. Dry salted salmon costs about 2,200 rubles per kilogram, herring - about 500 rubles. Now they bring in more revenue than caviar. In third place in sales is frozen and chilled fish, its price is from 250 to 1500 rubles per kilogram.

“There is an opinion that fish is expensive. But the fish is different - and 200, and 3,000 rubles per kilogram. In fact, you can pick it up within your income and include it in your regular diet. Of the same cod fish, cod costs 600 rubles per kilogram, and navaga - 250. This is the same group of fish, and, according to many, navaga is even tastier, ”says Mikhail.

Sea delicacies are also in demand: oysters, crabs, mussels, shrimps. A kilogram of such products costs from 500 to 1800 rubles. The most expensive offers - king crab and scallop - are sold for 2300-2700 rubles per kilogram. Mikhail sells red caviar for 4,400 rubles per kilogram.

The average check of one purchase is 5000-8000 rubles. When ordering from 5000 rubles, delivery is free. If the total purchase amount is more than 10,000 rubles, small wholesale discounts apply: prices are 15-20% lower than usual. To get this discount, it is not uncommon for customers to team up and make a joint order.

Natural factors also influence the cost of fish and seafood. For example, in 2017, pink salmon and chum salmon were caught less than in 2016. Accordingly, there was also less caviar. Therefore, prices for fish and caviar have risen sharply. A year ago, the wholesale price for red caviar in Moscow was 2600-2800 rubles per kilogram, this year it is 3500-3700 rubles.

Seafood is delivered to Moscow, as a rule, in two ways. Delicacies arrive by plane, the cost of this delivery method is 150-200 rubles per kilogram. Fish is usually transported in 40-ton trucks. They, as a rule, are loaded "to the eyeballs" - such a machine can hold 22 tons of products. Since the summer of 2017, a courier company has been delivering seafood for the "Lord of the Seas". Mikhail controls the delivery and delivers some orders himself.

In Moscow, "Lord of the Seas" has eight suppliers. It is unrealistic to manage with the services of one or two companies - each supplier provides different types products. “Each type of fish has its own fishing seasons. Therefore, not a single supplier, even a large one, can bring the entire range. For some, the fishery is set up only for chum salmon, for others - only for herring. The catch regions also differ. When I visit mining companies, I find out which of the Moscow suppliers they work with. And then I contact him and agree on cooperation,” says Mikhail.

Who buys seafood

About 80% of buyers of "Lord of the Seas" are women. The age of most buyers is from 28 to 45 years. Clients vary in income level: from low-income people to those who send their personal drivers for orders.

Every month Mikhail Demyanenko receives about 120-130 orders. Before the New Year, there are much more buyers. In December 2017, sales quadrupled compared to "normal" months.

There are quite a few regular customers. Some of them make purchases from Mikhail monthly. But most make orders no more than once or twice a year - for example, before the New Year.

“It is a big misconception that a business can develop only through regular customers. If the business is growing, then only on the influx of new customers. They also come quite a lot, mainly on the recommendations,” Mikhail notes.

Parties as a promotion tool

Until December 2017, the Lord of the Seas company sold fish only through Facebook - on company page and personal page Mikhail Demyanenko, who has about 5,000 subscribers. It is curious that it was she who brought the project the most customers.

“I don’t have a sales department, I don’t actually do sales or look for clients. In Russia, fences and a sundress work best. The highest quality customers are those who come through referrals. Many companies run marketing tricks to get people to refer people they know. Everything comes naturally to me. People try, they like the products, they recommend it to their friends,” says Mikhail.

At the end of 2017, the Lord of the Seas project got its own website, which operates as an online store. Now the main flow of orders goes through the site. But it has not yet been possible to transfer all orders from social networks and instant messengers to the site.

“Applications came through Facebook, Instagram, Telegram, WhatsApp. Whoever is comfortable - they write there. I thought that I would make a website, and everyone would throw applications for it. Nothing like this! Everyone, as they are accustomed to personally calling or writing to me, continues to do it stubbornly. No matter how much you want to collect all communications on one channel, you are forced to communicate in a way that is convenient for the client,” says Mikhail Demyanenko.

Cooking parties have become one of the ways to offer customers new types of seafood. Mikhail held the first such event in September 2017 at the Moscow Hippodrome. On it, the founder of the "Lord of the Seas" arranged a culinary master class on cooking paella, after which everyone could taste the dish. 100 kilograms of paella with seafood were, according to Mikhail Demyanenko, "swept away almost instantly."

In February 2018, the second such gastro party took place - this time in one of the towers of Moscow City. A ticket for it cost about 4000 rubles. Mikhail showed how to butcher and salt the salmon, after which the salted fish was put up for auction. The winner gave 35,000 rubles for it.

“The price of the ticket does not allow me to make a profit from the parties. My goal is to feed the guests within the cost of the ticket and show them to the maximum what I can do,” says Mikhail.

Two such parties were attended by about 200 people. Of these, about 80% of the guests were not clients of the "Lord of the Seas". Through these events, they can learn more about the project and, most importantly, taste its fish and seafood. In addition, parties bring Mikhail orders for catering. He plans to continue to hold two or three such events a year.

“They started inviting me to corporate parties to make a menu and cook seafood dishes for 25-30 people. For me, this is profitable: I use my ingredients plus I take payment for the work of the cook. After the party in the City, I have already held several such banquets. I also host dinner parties once a week at my home in the Begovaya metro area. I have a large kitchen, it can accommodate about 10 people. You can visit such a dinner for 2000 rubles, the amount includes 5 dishes. This is essentially networking - people from different areas get to know each other, eat, exchange contacts, ”says Mikhail.

Work with clients

The business model of "Lords of the Seas" is built on personal communication with customers. In the first year and a half, the founder of the project himself was engaged in delivery - he knew all his customers by sight. And now with many of them he continues to communicate personally. He advises his clients not only on the purchase, but also on the preparation of fish. Mikhail sends recipes for fish dishes along with the order, advises or puts seasonings into the order. If new items appear on the menu, they are sent “for testing” to regular customers.

“I am treated not like an ordinary online store, but like an acquaintance or even a friend”

“If in an ordinary store, for example, there are problems with delivery, the client can raise a scandal. And I have the effect of my boyfriend. Even if I mess up somewhere, I can call or write, apologize, reschedule the delivery. As a rule, clients perceive such rare cases with understanding,” says Mikhail.

Demyanenko does not plan to sell his fish through shops and supermarkets. In his opinion, in this case, the profit per unit of goods will decrease, and the difficulties in working with customers will become much greater.

“For some reason, many people think that they need to go into retail, onto store shelves. In fact, when you buy in bulk and sell at retail, you have the maximum trade markup from the end customer. And this client will be grateful to you more than any legal entity. The store will look for where to buy for 10 rubles cheaper. And it is difficult to get money from it - networks practice deferred payments. And a private client is ready to pay more – for service, good attitude, conversation, project history,” Mikhail is sure.

Mikhail does not set himself the goal of dramatically increasing the volume of deliveries. Firstly, if you work with small batches, you are more likely to get quality fish. But the main thing is that large deliveries will require a different scheme of working with clients, in which there will be much less personal participation. And the founder of the "Lord of the Seas" does not want to lose the advantage of personal contact.

“I do not perceive my project as a “business for the sake of business”. Money is important, but the human moment is more valuable to me. For 2-3 years I have developed a customer base, and my customers reciprocate. Many people have been following my fish business on Facebook since the very beginning, they feel like they are part of this project. It turned out to build a system that is difficult to scale. But at the same time, it cannot be copied and taken away by buyers. I can only lose clients if I start to work worse,” Demyanenko believes.

Until the end of 2017, Mikhail worked without the involvement of staff. Before the New Year, he hired an employee who helps to fill the site and communicate with customers.

“In an ordinary company there is a staff – from the director to the storekeepers. All their tasks are scheduled. And I am a Swiss, and a reaper, and a gambler on the pipe. I am an artisan, not a business. This is both a problem and an advantage for me. Clients communicate directly with me, and I know almost all clients. If you look into history, since ancient times, people bought food only from “their” trusted butchers, milkmen, and bakers. And I, it turns out, is a fish farmer for my clients,” says Mikhail Demyanenko.

Organization business plan paid fishing on a reservoir of 8 hectares.

How much money do you need to open paid fishing

According to our calculations, about 4,680,000 rubles will need to be invested in organizing a business:

• Improvement of the reservoir (cleaning, deepening, etc.) - 500,000 rubles.
• Creation of recreation infrastructure (construction of summer houses, gazebos, fishing bridges, etc.) - 1,700,000 rubles.
• Acquisition of fry (5 tons) - 1,250,000 rubles.
• Creation of feed stocks - 100,000 rubles.
• Business registration, approvals and permits - 150,000 rubles.
• Acquisition fishing tackle for rental, the opening of a store "everything for fishing" - 80,000 rubles.
• Advertising budget - 300,000 rubles.
• Other expenses - 200,000 rubles.
• Reserve capital - 400,000 rubles.

Step-by-step plan for opening paid fishing

1. Search for a reservoir for organizing a business;
2. Registration of the enterprise in the tax service;
3. Conclusion of a lease agreement with the municipality;
4. Cleaning of the reservoir, deepening and expansion;
5. Improvement of the territory, construction of summer houses;
6. Search for fry suppliers;
7. Stocking of the reservoir with valuable species of fish;
8. Hiring;
9. Opening of the fishing season.

Description of products and services

According to the business plan, our organization will receive income from the following sources:

• Provision of the “paid fishing” service;
• Sales of marketable fish;
• Catering (rental of summer houses);
• Rental of fishing equipment and gear;
• Food trade, catering services.

The size of the reservoir for the provision of paid fishing services will be 8 hectares. The average depth of the pond will be 3 meters. It will be a landscaped area far from the industrial areas of the city - the distance to the nearest large city (800 thousand inhabitants) is 40 km. Lawn grass will be planted on the territory of the reservoir, four summer houses, several gazebos will be built, barbecue facilities, a smokehouse and convenient fishing bridges will be installed. AT summer period a cafe and a small grocery store will be open during the day. The cost of a ticket for paid fishing will be 900 rubles per day. This cost will include:

• 7 kg carp
• 1.5 kg sturgeon
• 3.5 kg trout
• 5 kg catfish
• 6 kg tench
• 5 kg white carp
• 4 kg whitefish

Catching above this norm will be paid separately, on average 300 rubles. per kilogram. Women and children under 12 years old will be free of charge. Renting summer houses will cost 1200 rubles per day. Pavilions and barbecues can be used free of charge. This business will be seasonal. The reservoir will receive guests from mid-April to early October. On average, the period of work will be 170 days. The largest influx of customers will be expected on weekends and holidays. Taking into account the rainy and cold days in the first year of operation, we expect an average daily attendance of 25 people. At the same time, the average check, according to preliminary calculations, should be at least 1200 rubles. Thus, for the first 170 days of operation, the estimated revenue will be 5,100,000 rubles.

Download business plan for paid fishing

Marketing and Advertising

The location of a large city with a population of 800,000 people within a radius of 40 km will ensure high attendance of the reservoir. The access roads to the reservoir are very good, the road is only 800 m long, the rest of the way is asphalt. Near the city there are no natural reservoirs that are rich in valuable species of fish and can provide the fisherman with real pleasure from catching grass carp or rainbow trout. Among the competitors, there are only three reservoirs that provide a similar list of services. However, the size of the city, the number of solvent customers allows ten paid ponds to work successfully in this market. The portrait of our client is a man aged 27 to 55 with an income of more than 25,000 rubles per month. An extensive advertising campaign will be extremely important in the success of our business. In the first year of work, at least 300 thousand rubles will be spent for these purposes. The main ways of advertising will include:

• Outdoor advertising, placement of banners along the route with a large traffic of cars;
• Advertising in thematic magazines about fishing;
• Advertising in the media, on radio and local TV;
• Advertising on the Internet, publication of materials on bulletin boards, forums and specialized sites about fishing.

Production plan

To provide paid fishing services, it is planned to rent an 8-hectare pond from the municipality. The cost of determining the boundaries of the site around the reservoir will be borne personally by the project initiator. The lease agreement will be concluded for a period of 49 years. The amount of the rent will be 5000 rubles. in year. Preparation of the reservoir will be made a year before the first clients. At this time, the territory will be improved, the construction of summer houses and the creation of recreation infrastructure (fence, gazebos, barbecues, fishing bridges, smokehouse). In total, it is planned to spend about 2.2 million rubles for these purposes. At the stage of preparation of the reservoir, it will be stocked with fish. The fry is planned to be purchased at prices:

• Two-year-old white carp (400 - 600 gr.) - 250 rubles / kg.
• Two-year-old carp (300 gr.) - 110 rubles / kg.
• Silver carp (500 gr.) - 85 rubles / kg.
• Som (400 gr.) - 300 rubles / kg.
• Trout (350 gr.) - 350 rubles / kg.

In total, it is planned to purchase 5 tons of fry in the amount of 1,250,000 rubles. The purchase of fry will be carried out with some margin, since the survival rate is only 80%. To ensure the protection of the facility, it is planned to fence the territory of the reservoir, put up a trailer and employ four security guards. 44,000 rubles a month will be spent on paying security guards. The object will be protected all year round. In addition to security guards, an administrator, a salesperson, a cook for the summer kitchen and an assistant cook, a cashier, and laborers (4 people) will be involved for the season. The duties of the latter will include feeding the fish, cleaning the territory, monitoring the catch (weighing). Accounting services will be outsourced. The total wage fund will amount to 135 thousand rubles. per month. For 6 months, 810 thousand rubles will be spent on wages.

What taxation system to choose for paid fishing

The organizational form of our organization will be a limited liability company. As a taxation system, it is planned to apply the simplified taxation system (“simplified”), 6% of the organization's revenue.

Risk assessment

In the process of doing this business, the following negative aspects may occur:

• Legislative uncertainty;
• Bad weather conditions;
• Rising prices for fry and fish food;
• Incorrect observance of fish keeping technology (especially in winter period time).

Financial plan

Let's move on to calculating the main business performance indicators for the provision of paid fishing services. The annual expenses of the organization will be:

• Rent - 5000 rubles.
• Salary - 1,338,000 rubles.
• Insurance deductions - 401,400 rubles.
• Feed for fish (mixed feed) - 180,000 rubles.
• The cost of maintaining the territory - 100,000 rubles.
• Advertising - 300,000 rubles.
• Unforeseen expenses - 450,000 rubles.

Total - 2,769,900 rubles.

How much can you earn on paid fishing

Net profit at the end of the year of work will be 2,024,100 rubles. The profitability of the enterprise "paid fishing" is 73%. With such indicators, you can count on the payback of the initial investment already in the third year of the organization's operation.

Recommended download business plan for paid fishing for only (banner_bi-plan), from our partners, with a guarantee of quality. This is a complete, ready-made project that you will not find in the public domain. The content of the business plan: 1. Confidentiality 2. Summary 3. Stages of project implementation 4. Characteristics of the object 5. Marketing plan 6. Technical and economic data of the equipment 7. Financial plan 8. Risk assessment 9. Financial and economic justification of investments 10. Conclusions

Which OKVED to indicate for the organization of paid fishing

For paid fishing, you can use 05.01 - for fishing, and 05.02 - for fish farming.

What equipment to choose?

In this case, you can do without any equipment or office at all. But if you wish, you can rent equipment for customers for an additional fee, or provide services for the sale of the necessary tools, for example:

• hooks;
• floats;
• bait.

Such a rental will also bring you considerable profit, because there is a high chance that the fisherman will forget to take an important attribute with him or it will be lost during the fishing process.

Do I need a permit to open private fishing

You will need permission from the city government, even if you are going to create an artificial reservoir, not to mention renting an existing one.

What documents are required

A list of documents is required, including:

• permission of the local administration;
• permission of the environmental service;
• permission of the Ministry of Emergency Situations;
• permission of the State Committees for Water and Fisheries.

In fact, fishing is not only a great pleasure, it turns out that you can earn good money on it. At the same time, there is no need to pull nonsense, set up nets, jam fish with explosions or electric current, in general, you won’t have to use any poaching methods, you will earn money legally. How? And this is what will be discussed in this article.

The idea of ​​such earnings is not new, it has long been used by the inhabitants of the Kola Peninsula and Astrakhan, organizing fishing tours. The question is, who does not allow you to organize something like this, say in middle lane Russia? For this, all you need is a properly equipped and organized reservoir. By the way, the idea of ​​organizing fishing under a license on a small pond is still very rare in our country, so clearly defined legislative conditions simply do not exist. Despite this, several private farms are already operating in the Moscow region, where for a few hundred rubles you can enjoy sturgeon or trout fishing, while you are guaranteed a bite.

What is the first thing you need to start a business?

And first of all, you need to obtain a license confirming that you have the right to use water resources. On this issue, you should contact the Fisheries Committee. There have never been any difficulties in acquiring such a license, you will only be required to carry out some activities on the reservoir, namely: to carry out reclamation work, drain the surroundings and, of course, launch fish into the reservoir.

However, if you seriously decide to engage in fishing, you will do all these works without any requirement. Of course, representatives of the state service will check the sanitary and hygienic condition of the reservoir entrusted to you several times a year, in addition to this, you will have to communicate with officials on a number of other issues, they know very well where, from whom and how much you can take.

There are two ways to get a reservoir:

First way- lease of a natural reservoir, which belongs to the state. The reservoir needs to be ennobled and create all conditions for successful fishing. This method is inconvenient in that you, having invested money in arranging and stocking a reservoir, cannot be sure that next year the rental price will remain the same and whether they want to extend this lease at all. But that's not all, the costs of maintaining the ecosystem of the reservoir in a viable state are quite large, so high that they can bring you at a loss, in other words, the business becomes unprofitable.
But do not give up, because there is a second way.

Second way- it lies in the fact that you rent an already prepared reservoir, at present, many fish farms lease such reservoirs. The lease agreement, of course, is concluded for several years at once.

Now let's talk about fishing business options.

There are quite a few of them, ranging from an ordinary pond inhabited by crucians and carp to a recreational center that has houses or cottages and the corresponding infrastructure intended for recreation. With the first option, you will have to charge a fairly modest fee for one fishing rod (up to 50 rubles) and you will have a fairly stable seasonal income. In addition to collecting payment, you still have to clean the pond, while draining the water and populating it with new fish.

costs for this option.

.
The costs for this option are quite modest and amount to about 2.5 thousand dollars. This includes rent, the construction of a small house on the shore and, of course, the purchase of fish. For that, in a year your wallet can be replenished by 15-16 thousand dollars. Usually such reservoirs are inhabited by carp. A ton of this fish is worth about one thousand dollars.

Carp begins to breed in two years, but the fact is that he will not have enough natural food in the reservoir and he needs to be fed. However, it should be noted that at present the popularity of carp among fishermen has somewhat decreased, they prefer to catch sturgeon, trout or whitefish.

Everything will look completely different if you are going to create infrastructure for recreation on the basis of a reservoir.

It already implies that the visitor is waiting not only good fishing, and good vacation. Of course, one specialist in fisheries cannot manage in such a farm. You will have to hire cooks, and waiters, and an administrator, and security, and ...

It will be very good if you equip a bathhouse on the territory. And do not think that a bathhouse, platforms for fishing and houses are all that is needed. No, no, no, besides this, it is necessary to equip a dining room, build several gazebos along the shore, equip places for barbecue, places where you can cook real fish soup on a fire, maybe open a small cafe here and even organize a shooting range. The main thing is not to stand still, but to develop and develop, and along with the development your income will grow.

It is clear that here it is already impossible to manage with the initial amount of 2.5 thousand dollars. Approximately 70 thousand dollars will cost you just the design of all the necessary infrastructure and this event will pay off in at least two years, and in a maximum of eight years.

* Calculations use average data for Russia

Among the population, especially its male part, such a type of leisure as fishing has become widespread. Today, fishing is mostly perceived by people not as a way to get food, but as a recreation in the fresh air. Many men devote a significant part of their time to this occupation, but they do not always manage to find suitable body of water With normal fish, which at the same time will be in abundance so as not to destroy the fragile ecosystem. There are a huge number of rivers and lakes in Russia, but it is not always possible to engage in effective fishing on them. In this regard, private fishing farms began to appear a long time ago, which offer their consumers the opportunity to go fishing for money, but in this case it will be guaranteed that the fish in the pond will be healthy, its number and activity are controlled by the organizers, so this type of leisure becomes absolutely safe for nature and at the same time quite effective - that is, the client will not sit all day with a fishing rod, ultimately leaving without a catch at all. There is another important point in such an undertaking - the entrepreneur is engaged in ennoblement of the territory and the preservation of the ecological system (and sometimes its complete restoration), which makes such a business very useful.

They are engaged in such a business, mainly in rural areas, although it is not uncommon to find private fishing farms offering fishing services near large cities. However, the option of competition is not excluded, so you need to first assess the situation on the market, because a well-known database almost certainly attracts most of the customers. But many other factors must also be taken into account - the types of fish available in the reservoirs of competitors, infrastructure, the provision of additional and related services. In many cases, “private fishing” is understood as a purchased site near a lake or river, the passage to which is fenced off (often with a barrier alone, which increases the number of “illegal” visitors), while there is no need to talk about access roads and infrastructure. The reservoir itself is as close as possible to the concept of natural - that is, directly fisheries no one is doing it. Of course, the client, paying money, wants to receive additional services, or at least the availability of roads and prepared sites. On the other hand, someone even likes this kind of romance, when you feel really outside of civilization one on one with nature. Therefore, such bases can act as competitors, but their advantages are minimized. The entrepreneur himself can also start by organizing such a place, which will allow him to save a large amount of money, but then it will be necessary to as soon as possible improve your territory.

First you need to register as a business entity, if you wish, you can simply register as an individual entrepreneur (ease of registration, lower financial and time costs), or, if there is a need to register a legal entity, choose the form of a limited liability company. In both cases, a simplified taxation system will be available, which will make it possible to transfer no more than 6% of income or 15% of operating profit to the state. For work, you need to choose the right OKVED codes, and their definition and number depend on the services offered. First of all, these are (OKPD 2) 98.1 Various products produced by private households for their own consumption, group (OKPD 2) 03.12 Fish and other freshwater fishery products; services related to freshwater fisheries (OKPD 2) 03.22 Fish and other freshwater aquaculture products; services related to freshwater fish farming, (OKPD 2) 77.21 Rental services of equipment for recreation, entertainment and sports and (OKPD 2) 77.34 Rental and leasing services of water vehicles.

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It is also important to obtain permits from many authorities to open such a business - this includes state environmental enterprises and ichthyological services, sanitary control. Moreover, depending on the region of work, the requirements can be very different. But this applies primarily to those entrepreneurs who decide to open a business not on their own territory. fishing industry, but in the municipal area.

Choosing a place is a rather difficult stage. You need to find a clean body of water with a good ecosystem and a good location. Places near industrial facilities are not initially suitable, because even if an entrepreneur decides to restore natural resources within a single reservoir, factories and plants will constantly poison the air and water. In this regard, fishing is often organized in picturesque, but remote from civilization places. However, you should not go very far from the city - otherwise it will become unprofitable for fishermen to travel tens or even hundreds of kilometers from their place of residence. The province, of course, also has its own fishermen, but it is unlikely that they will be able to support business at the expense of them.

It may also require a very small area for work, although in most cases the territory occupies several hectares and, in addition, the reservoir itself occupies no less area. It's nice to get a long coastline to use. As for directly obtaining land, it is first of all worth contacting the local authorities. If the territory is not of interest to municipal authorities, then they can lease it to an entrepreneur for a very long time, and the cost of this lease will be several times less than when working with private individuals. But in this case, it will be necessary to convince officials that the occupation is supposed useful view activities, and if you give a guarantee that the entrepreneur is not going to destroy natural resources, but rather seeks to maintain and improve the allocated area, then with a high degree of probability you can get approval. If this is not possible, then the site can be purchased or leased from private individuals. The second option is even worse, because in this case the territory already ennobled and known among the population can be taken away by its real owner, so it is worth considering only offers of a fairly long-term lease. Land purchased as a property is an opportunity to avoid many risks, and in case of failure with this type of business, you can start renting the land yourself.

The cost of both buying and renting land can hardly be called conditionally, because it depends on a huge number of factors, and the price range in this segment is very wide. There is another most difficult option for obtaining your own reservoir - buying out land and creating an artificial pond, but in order to put this plan into practice, you need to obtain a huge number of permits for work.

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After choosing a place, you can start breeding fish. Such a business is characterized by a huge number additional features for earnings, because the fish bred in the reservoir can not only be used as products for catching fishermen, but also for their own sale, as well as for breeding fry with their subsequent resale to other fish farms. As already noted, the easiest option is to simply find a clean reservoir, do nothing with it, and offer customers to catch fish that breeds and grows exclusively in natural conditions without additional feeding and without targeted breeding. Indeed, sometimes it is not required to intervene in a stable ecosystem of a reservoir, but the current state of many of them is such that without the creative activity of a person, fish are not found in sufficient quantities. In this regard, a specialist ichthyologist is hired to work, who will constantly work on the development of life in the reservoir. This person will be needed at the very first stages, because with his help you can select fish species that coexist together, populate the reservoir with the rest of the necessary living creatures, and select the optimal air and temperature indicators. On too large ponds, several such specialists can work at once, who breed fry, monitor the condition of the fish and prevent the occurrence of diseases, as well as competently feed the living fish. This is a large complex of complex procedures, so if an entrepreneur does not have the appropriate education, he should take the issue of selecting ichthyologists very seriously.

However, in addition to these people, a whole staff of employees will serve the reservoir and the surrounding area. Only this is already a simpler staff - the guards of the site and people who keep order on it, administrators and those people who clean the territory, feed the fish and do other economic activities. Usually, even a large base can be served by a staff of no more than 10 people. All business processes that are not related to making a profit should be outsourced.

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Improvement of the territory involves, first of all, the installation of a checkpoint at the entrance to the territory, then fencing the site and laying asphalt. At good bases, you can even find parking complexes, residential houses that are rented to customers and camping sites. An entrepreneur can earn not only on fishing, but also offer recreation on the river in general, providing his consumers with all the conditions for living. But it should be noted that the fishing zone itself should be significantly distant from recreational areas, because fishing takes place in silence, and people swimming in the river and making noise on the shore can frighten away all the fish. Additional services are also offered directly for the fishermen themselves - rental of fishing rods and swimming equipment (it will be enough to buy only inflatable boat), sale Supplies. Fishermen pay, among other things, for renting a campsite, tents, and especially houses. Such opportunities will only add to the competitiveness of the business, because many people often go fishing for several days, and not everyone wants to sleep in a car.

The reservoir itself is also equipped with special places for effective breeding of fish, in order to then release them into the open space, if necessary, aerators and heaters are installed. The need to install them depends on the testimony that the ichthyologist collects. In general, the arrangement of your site may require quite a bit of money (if you only need to install a checkpoint), and several million (which includes the construction of houses, asphalting, fencing, etc.)

Each fisherman prefers certain types of fish, but almost everyone likes fishing, the purpose of which is carp. Trout is also quite popular, but keeping it is much more difficult. Of the other fish species that often become the target of fishing holidays, it should be noted crucian carp, rudd, perch, bream, silver carp and even sturgeon, pike and catfish. It may also be necessary to populate the reservoir with fish and other organisms that are not caught by fishermen, but which are needed to maintain the life of the pond. In general, to establish such a complex system from scratch (if, for example, an artificial reservoir was dug or, even worse, an abandoned and turning into a swamp is being restored) is a very time-consuming and time-consuming task.

In this regard, such a business has a long payback period in most cases, because the pond will not immediately be able to accept fishermen, otherwise all the work will be destroyed after a few weeks of constant fishing. Considering in most cases quite large financial investments, we can say that such a project will be able to pay off only 5-10 years after the start. This period is significantly reduced by tourism activities and the provision of additional services, but in order to bring tourists, you need to have a picturesque and pleasant place to relax.

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The settlement of the reservoir with young animals is possible if you buy lots of live fish in special farms, usually when buying in bulk, a huge discount is made on fish, which allows the entrepreneur to immediately buy a lot of aquatic inhabitants. However, overpopulation should not be allowed. The cheapest fish are carp, they cost 10-15 rubles apiece, but sturgeon or pike cost many times more. On the other hand, it is not always advisable to buy them in large quantities. The fish farm that supplies the fish must bring it on its own, otherwise the entrepreneur will have to purchase a special live-fish container for transportation or seek the help of transport companies. But in any case, the purchase of fish will almost certainly not be the biggest expense item when starting a business, quite often the cost of its feed costs the entrepreneur at a price greater than the fish itself.

A base that can only catch one species of fish can also be successful, although the greater the variety, the more attractive the place for fishermen. The ability to catch expensive and tasty fish (trout, sturgeon, pike) can even become a determining factor for the consumer when choosing a place for paid fishing. But some species of fish (such as sturgeon) cannot be kept in closed water bodies, and their keeping is a full-fledged fish farm.

The issue of pricing in this business is quite complicated, because the cost of entering the territory can be very different depending on the place. A significant number of fishermen even consider it unacceptable to pay for fishing, without realizing that the entrepreneur ennobles the territory, grows fish that will be larger, tastier and safer for human health, and protects nature from poachers. Therefore, do not be surprised if many fishermen pass by. But if you are located near an elite village, then you can even inflate prices, because wealthy people are ready to give money for a vacation in a private area with all amenities. The presence of additional services also affects the price, sometimes the entry fee is symbolic, and the entrepreneur earns precisely by providing related services. The presence or absence of competitors also affects the final price tag.

To attract consumers to your territory, you need to conduct advertising campaign in the nearest settlements and perhaps even create your own website with detailed information. The main task in advertising is to convey to the consumer that he pays money not just for the opportunity to go fishing, but for the opportunity to do it in good location with excellent environmental conditions and additional service. Otherwise, a large number of potential customers will continue to fish "savages".

Such a business is suitable for entrepreneurs who themselves are passionate about fishing, but such an undertaking cannot be called easy. Of course, you can open private fishing for 50 thousand, just by occupying the site and not doing it, but a normal place will require investments of several million (the exact figure depends on the place and the proposed infrastructure). Due to the long payback period, it is worth considering opening a tourist area as well, or even organizing private fishing as an additional business that will bring big profits only after a few years.

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