The Olympic Games were first held in Ancient Greece approximately in 776 BC. They got their name from the ancient Greek city of Olympia, in which they were held once every 4 years.
The Olympic Games were a competition in sports such as chariot riding, pentathlon, and martial arts. The Olympic Games were also of a religious nature, as they were dedicated to the supreme ancient Greek god Zeus, who was especially respected by the Greeks, being the god of thunder and lightning.
History of the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece
At the time of the Olympic Games, the Greeks declared a temporary truce with countries with which they were involved in military conflicts. Each Olympic Games was a real holiday for the Greek people. The Olympics was a kind of ideological reflection of the cult of the body and the perfection of the spirit, which was actively promoted in ancient Greece.
Honors were given to the hero of the Olympics. There was a rather interesting tradition: the winner of the Olympiad solemnly entered the city on a chariot, but not through the main gate, but through an opening in the wall, which was closed immediately after that so as not to let the victorious spirit of the Olympiad out of the city. The winner was dressed in a red cloak, and on his head he had a wreath of laurel leaves, which was a symbol of victory.
The center of the Olympic competition was the holy circle of Zeus, which was a grove along the course of the Alpheus River. The Olympic Games were hosted by the Greeks more than three hundred times. According to Greek mythology, the stadium in Olympia, where the Olympic Games were held, was built by Hercules in honor of the victory of Zeus over his father Kronos.
olympic fire
An indispensable attribute of the Olympic Games was the Olympic flame. In ancient Greece, there was a cult of Prometheus, who stole the sacred fire from Olympus and gave it to people, for which he paid with years of incredible suffering. In honor of Prometheus, the ancient Greeks lit the Olympic flame. Also, in order to honor Prometheus, running competitions were organized, where each runner held a lit torch with fire in his hands. The winner of such a competition was honored to light a fire for sacrifice to Zeus, which was then considered a very important mission.
The Olympic Games in ancient Greece were watched not only by its inhabitants. For the period of the Games, a huge number of representatives of other states gathered in Olympia. Impressed by the Olympic Games, many of them tried to organize such competitions in their country, but, alas, they could not reach the scale of Olympia anywhere.
The Olympic Games ended with the advent of Christianity in the lands of Greece. Such events were considered nothing more than paganism. But, despite the fact that the Olympic Games were stopped at one time, this wonderful action did not sink into oblivion.
Revival of the Olympic Games
Since 1896 after long break The Olympic Games were held in Athens. The range of sports has expanded significantly. Since 1896, the Olympic Games have been held once every four years. During the First and Second World Wars, for obvious reasons, the games were not held.
The Olympic Games have become not only a kind of tribute to traditions, they still represent a bright, exciting spectacle, to which the attention of the world community is closely riveted. Cities for decades to come are fighting for the honor of hosting the Olympic Games, and for the athlete who participates in them, this is not only world fame, but also a well-deserved reward for years of work in sports.
In Paris, in the Great Hall of the Sorbonne, a commission has gathered to revive the Olympic Games. Baron Pierre de Coubertin became its general secretary. Then the International Olympic Committee (IOC) took shape, which included the most authoritative and independent citizens of different countries.
The first Olympic Games of modern times were originally planned to be held at the same stadium in Olympia, where the Olympic Games of Ancient Greece were held. However, this required too much restoration work, and the first revived Olympic competitions took place in Athens, the capital of Greece.
On April 6, 1896, at the restored ancient stadium in Athens, the Greek King George declared the first modern Olympic Games open. The opening ceremony was attended by 60 thousand spectators.
The date of the ceremony was not chosen by chance - on this day, Easter Monday coincided in three directions of Christianity at once - in Catholicism, Orthodoxy and Protestantism. This first opening ceremony of the Games established two Olympic traditions - the opening of the Games by the head of state where the competitions take place, and the singing of the Olympic anthem. However, such indispensable attributes modern Games like a parade of participating countries, a lighting ceremony Olympic flame and the recitation of the Olympic oath, was not; they were introduced later. There was no Olympic village, the invited athletes provided themselves with housing.
241 athletes from 14 countries took part in the Games of the I Olympiad: Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Great Britain, Hungary (at the time of the Games, Hungary was part of Austria-Hungary, but Hungarian athletes competed separately), Germany, Greece, Denmark, Italy , USA, France, Chile, Switzerland, Sweden.
Russian athletes were quite actively preparing for the Olympics, but due to lack of funds Russian team was not directed to the Games.
As in ancient times, only men took part in the competitions of the first modern Olympiad.
The program of the first Games included nine sports - classical wrestling, cycling, gymnastics, Athletics, swimming, bullet shooting, tennis, weightlifting and fencing. 43 sets of awards were played.
According to ancient tradition, the Games began with athletics competitions.
Athletics competitions became the most massive - 63 athletes from 9 countries took part in 12 events. The largest number of species - 9 - was won by representatives of the United States.
The first Olympic champion was the American athlete James Connolly, who won the triple jump with a score of 13 meters 71 centimeters.
Wrestling competitions were held without uniform approved rules for wrestling, there were also no weight categories. The style in which the athletes competed was close to today's Greco-Roman, but it was allowed to grab an opponent by the legs. Only one set of medals was played among five athletes, and only two of them competed exclusively in wrestling - the rest took part in competitions in other disciplines.
Since there were no artificial pools in Athens, swimming competitions were held in an open bay near the city of Piraeus; the start and finish were marked with ropes attached to the floats. The competition aroused great interest - by the beginning of the first swim, about 40 thousand spectators had gathered on the shore. About 25 swimmers from six countries took part, most of them are naval officers and sailors of the Greek merchant fleet.
The medals were played in four types, all heats were held in "freestyle" - it was allowed to swim in any way, changing it along the distance. At that time, the most popular swimming methods were breaststroke, overarm (an improved way of swimming on the side) and "trend-style". At the insistence of the organizers of the Games, the program also included an applied type of swimming - 100 meters in sailor's clothes. Only Greek sailors participated in it.
In cycling, six sets of medals were played - five on the track and one on the road. track racing were held at the Neo Faliron velodrome specially built for the Games.
In the competition for gymnastics eight sets of awards were played. The competitions were held on outdoors, at the Marble Stadium.
In shooting, five sets of awards were played - two in rifle shooting and three in pistol shooting.
Tennis competitions were held on the courts of the Athens Tennis Club. Two tournaments were held - in singles and doubles. At the 1896 Games, there was not yet a requirement that all team members represent one country, and some couples were international.
Weightlifting competitions were held without division into weight categories and included two disciplines: squeezing the ball bar with two hands and lifting the dumbbell with one hand.
In fencing, three sets of awards were played. Fencing became the only sport where professionals were also admitted: separate competitions were held among "maestro" - fencing teachers ("maestro" were also admitted to the 1900 Games, after which this practice ceased).
The culmination of the Olympic Games was the marathon. Unlike all subsequent Olympic competitions in marathon running, the length of the marathon distance at the Games of the I Olympiad was 40 kilometers. The classic length of a marathon distance is 42 kilometers 195 meters. The Greek postman Spyridon Louis finished first with a result of 2 hours 58 minutes 50 seconds, who became a national hero after this success. Except Olympic awards he got a gold cup, established by the French academician Michel Breal, who insisted on the inclusion of marathon running in the Games program, a barrel of wine, a voucher for free meals throughout the year, free tailoring of dresses and use of hairdresser services throughout life, 10 centners of chocolate, 10 cows and 30 sheep.
olympic games chuvash republic
The Olympic Games are more than 3,000 years old, of which 1,500 years they were considered a relic of paganism and were banned. The Olympic Games never leave anyone indifferent. And wherever they are held, the whole world watches with bated breath the skill and success of athletes.
According to one legend, the idea of organizing the Olympic Games arose in order to revive the former glory of Greece. Since in those years (1200 - 800 BC) there was a decline in culture and writing. Another (most famous) legend says that one day King Ifit decided to distract his people from endless wars. The ruler went to Delphi, where the priestess of Apollo conveyed to Ifit the command of the gods: in order to stop the bloodshed, it is necessary to arrange pan-Greek athletic festivities. Then Ifitus, together with the Spartan legislator Lycurgus and the Athenian reformer Cliosthenes, established the procedure for holding the Games. The place where this great event was to take place was the sanctuary of Olympia. Anyone who entered there armed was declared a criminal. As mentioned above, during the Olympic Games, wars were stopped and truces were concluded: representatives of the warring policies conducted peace negotiations in Olympia in order to resolve conflicts.
The Olympic Games began as a competition local importance and the first of them took place in 776 BC. e. Moreover, slaves and barbarians were not allowed into the stadiums, only Greek citizens could participate in the competitions. But over time, many athletes began to gather in Olympia not only from Greece itself, but also from colonial cities from the Mediterranean to the Black Seas. This happened when Hellas fell into submission to Rome. During the time of the power of the Roman Empire, even its emperors became participants in the Games. So, for example, Nero won a chariot race drawn by 10 horses. True, this victory can only be called conditional: hardly anyone would dare to get ahead of the omnipotent tyrant.
But, despite the fact that not only Greek citizens were allowed into the stadium, women were still not allowed to play. However, the Greek Stamata Revihti, nicknamed Melpomene, wanted to participate in the marathon. She was refused, and then she ran the distance alone the day after the official race. At the end of the run, she ran around the Marble Stadium, as she was even forbidden to run into its territory. Women on Olympic Stadium began to be allowed only in the Olympic Games of our time.
By the way, Olympic ethical norms were already defined in antiquity. One of the most important principles was the honesty of the athlete. At the opening of the Games, the participants took an oath to abide by the rules (this tradition has survived to this day). The champion had the right to deprive the title if he won by fraudulent means. TO Olympic competitions persons who committed crimes or sacrilege were not allowed.
And everything, in general, was good, the Games developed, gained strength over 11 centuries. But in 394, Emperor Theodosius I called them "a relic of paganism" and banned them. Then the state set a goal to eradicate pagan cults and religions - the temples of the gods, libraries were destroyed, the teaching of mathematics was prohibited.
Since then, no less than 1500 years have passed. And only in 1896, thanks to the Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin, the first modern Olympiad took place.
118 years ago - April 6, 1896 - the First Olympic Games opened in Athens. From that moment on, the modern Olympic Games keep their record. The Olympic Games are the largest international complex sport competitions modernity, which are held every four years.
The concept of modern Olympism belongs to the French public figure, historian and writer, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, on whose initiative the International Athletic Congress was held in Paris in June 1894, at which it was decided to organize the Games on the model of the ancient ones and to create the International Olympic Committee ( IOC). The IOC was established on June 23, 1894, with Demetrius Vikelas as its first President and Pierre de Coubertin as its Secretary General.
At the same time, the International Sports Congress approved the foundations of the Olympic Charter, which determined the principles, rules and regulations of the Olympic Games. On the last day of the congress (June 23), it was decided that the first modern Olympic Games should be held in 1896 in Athens, in the country of the ancestor of the Games, Greece. Greece- the only country where the Games of the present were held in three centuries (Games of the I Olympiad - 1896, Extraordinary Olympic Games - 1906, Games of the XXVIII Olympiad - 2004).
The modern Olympic Games keep their record from April 6, 1896, when the First Olympic Games opened in Athens (at the time they were called the I International Olympic Games), which took place until April 15, 1896.
311 athletes from 13 countries took part in them. Only men competed in 43 sports. The program of the first Games included nine sports - classical wrestling, cycling, gymnastics, athletics, swimming, bullet shooting, tennis, weightlifting and fencing. 43 sets of awards were played.
The largest number of medals - 46 (10 gold + 17 silver + 19 bronze) were won by Greek Olympians. The second was the US team - 20 awards (11 + 7 + 2). The third place was taken by the German team - 13 (6+5+2). Athletes from Bulgaria, Chile and Sweden were left without medals.
The success of the first modern Olympic Games was so great that the Greek authorities proposed that it should always be held. sport's event on their territory. However, the IOC introduced a rule according to which the venue of the Games changes every 4 years.
The next two four-year periods turned out to be very difficult for the Olympic Games, since the Olympic games were combined with the World Exhibitions, held in 1900 in Paris, and in 1904 in St. Louis (USA). However, the popularity of the Games only grew. Olympic traditions gradually formed, the emblem and flag of the Olympics appeared, approved by the IOC at the suggestion of Pierre de Coubertin in 1913.
Olympic symbol - five interlacing rings of the same size (Olympic rings), used separately, in one - or multi-color design - from left to right - blue, yellow, black, green and red. They are intertwined from left to right. The blue, black, and red rings are at the top, while the yellow and green rings are at the bottom. symbolizes activity. Olympic Movement, the union of five continents and the meeting of athletes from all over the world at the Olympic Games.
The main element of the Olympic emblem is five rings, which are combined with some other element. So, the emblem of the IOC is the Olympic rings with the motto: "Faster, higher, stronger." National Olympic committees each have their own emblem, but its mandatory basis is five rings.
In 1914, at the Olympic Congress in Paris, the Olympic flag was approved - a white cloth, in the center of which is the Olympic symbol in five colors.
The motto of the Olympic Games is Citius, Altius, Fortius (faster, higher, stronger).
One of the symbols of the Olympic Games is the Olympic flame. It is lit in the city of the games during their opening and it burns continuously until they are over.
The tradition of lighting the Olympic flame, which existed in ancient Greece during the ancient Olympic Games, was revived in 1928 and continues to this day.
Part Olympic symbols is the Olympic mascot. The mascot first appeared in 1968 at the Summer Games in Mexico City. The very concept of "Olympic talisman" was officially approved at the session of the IOC, held in 1972. According to the Olympic Charter, a person, an animal or a fabulous creature could become a talisman, reflecting the cultural characteristics of the people - the host of the Olympics - and symbolizing the values of the modern Olympic movement. All Olympic mascots, being the property of organizing committee, began to be positioned as advertising and commercial symbols. In addition to the official emblem registered with the IOC, the organizers of the games use them as a trademark to obtain additional sources of funding.
For 118 years (1896-2010) 29 Summer Olympics, three times (1916, 1940, 1944) the games did not take place due to the first and second world wars. According to the Olympic Charter, the Olympiad also receives its number in cases where the games are not held (for example, VI - in 1916-1919, XII - in 1940-1943, XIII - in 1944-1947).
In 1924, the Winter Olympic Games were established, which were originally held in the same year as the summer ones, however, since 1994, the time of the Winter Olympic Games has been shifted by two years relative to the time of the summer games. First Olympic winter Games were held in Chamonix (France) in 1924, the last XXI Winter Olympic Games were held in February 2010 in Vancouver. The Winter Olympic Games have their own numbering, for 115 years (1896 2010) 21 Winter Olympics were held.
Three countries (Austria, Norway and Switzerland) - were the organizers of the Winter Olympic Games only (twice each). Italy has hosted the Winter Olympics twice (1956 and 2006).
The largest number of Games were held in the USA - 8, in France - 5.
Japan is the only country in Asia where the Olympic Games have been held three times (Games of the XVIII Olympiad - 1964, IX Winter Olympic Games (OWG) - 1972, XVIII OWG - 1998).
The Olympic torch was lit twice in the stadiums of Australia (in 1956 and 2000), Great Britain (1908 and 1948), Sweden (1912 and 1956). Canada was the organizer of the Games of the XXI Olympiad (1976) and the XV OWG - ( 1988).
Once became the organizers of the Olympic Games such countries as Belgium, Spain, Mexico, the Netherlands, Finland and South Korea.
In addition, once they were the organizers of the USSR Games ( Games XXII Olympics - 1980) and Yugoslavia (XIV ZOG - 1984).
In August 2008, for the first time, China became the organizer of the Games of the XXIX Olympiad.
In 2014, Russia hosted the Winter Olympic Games in Sochi.
Modern youth devotes little time to sports, not only at the professional, but also at the amateur level. There is an extensive network of competitions to promote sports. Today we will consider in which country the Olympic competitions originated, when they were held, the situation today.
In contact with
Sports competitions of antiquity
The date of the first Olympic Games (hereinafter referred to as the Olympic Games) is unknown, but preserved theirs is ancient greece. The heyday of Hellenic statehood led to the formation of a religious and cultural holiday, which for a time united the layers of an egoistic society.
The worship of beauty was actively cultivated human body, enlightened people sought to achieve the perfection of forms. It is not for nothing that most of the marble statues of the Greek period depict beautiful men and women of that time.
Olympia is considered the first "sports" city of Hellas, here the winners of the championships were revered as full participants in the hostilities. In 776 B.C. the festival was revived.
The reason for the decline of the Olympic Games is the Roman expansion into the Balkans. With the spread of the Christian faith, such holidays began to be considered pagan. In 394, Emperor Theodosius I banned sports competitions.
Attention! Sports competitions included several weeks of neutrality - it was forbidden to declare or wage war. Every day was considered sacred, dedicated to the gods. It is not surprising that the Olympic Games originated in Hellas.
Prerequisites for the revival of the Olympic Games
The ideas of world championships never completely died out; England held tournaments and sports competitions of a local nature. History of the Olympic Games XIX century is characterized by the holding of "Olympia" - the forerunner of modern competitions. The idea belongs to the Greeks: Sutsos and public figure Zappas. They made the first modern Olympic Games possible.
Archaeologists have discovered in the country where sports competitions originated, clusters of ancient monumental structures of unknown purpose. those years was very interested in antiquity.
Baron Pierre de Coubertin considered it inappropriate physical training soldier. In his opinion, this was the reason for the defeat in the last war with the Germans (the Franco-Prussian confrontation of 1870-1871). He sought to instill in the French a desire for self-development. He believed that young people should "break spears" in sports arenas, and not through military conflicts.
Attention! Excavations in Greece were carried out by a German expedition, so Coubertin succumbed to revanchist sentiments. His expression is “The German people found the remains of Olympia. Why does France not restore the fragments of its former power? ”, often serves as fair evidence.
Baron with a great heart
is the founder modern Olympic Games. Let's devote a few words to his biography.
Little Pierre was born on January 1, 1863 in the capital of the French Empire. The youth passed through the prism of self-education, attended a number of prestigious colleges in England and America, considered sports an integral part of the development of a person as a person. He was engaged in rugby, was a judge of the first final of the French championship.
The history of the famous competitions was of interest to the then society, so Coubertin decided to hold world-class competitions. November 1892 was remembered for a speech at the Sorbonne University with a report. He was dedicated to the revival of the Olympic movement. The Russian general Butovsky was imbued with Pierre's ideas, as he held the same views.
International Olympic Committee(IOC) appointed de Coubertin Secretary General, subsequently - organization president. Work went hand in hand with an imminent marriage. In 1895, Marie Rothan became a baroness. The marriage brought two children: first-born Jacques and daughter Rene suffered from diseases nervous system. The Coubertin family ended after Marie's death at the age of 101. She lived with the knowledge that her husband revived the Olympic Games, held a prominent position.
With the beginning, Pierre went to the front, leaving social activities. Both of his nephews died en route to victory.
As head of the IOC, Coubertin often faced criticism. The public resented the "wrong" interpretation of the first Olympic Games, excessive professionalism. Many claimed that he abused power in dealing with issues of various kinds.
Great public figure died September 2, 1937 years in Geneva (Switzerland). His heart became part of a monument near the ruins of Greek Olympia.
Important! The Pierre de Coubertin medal has been awarded by the IOC since the death of the Honorary President. Worthy athletes are honored with this award for their nobility and adherence to the spirit of Fair Play.
Olympic revival
The French baron revived the Olympics, but the bureaucratic machine delayed the championship. Two years later, the French Congress made a historic decision: the first modern Olympic Games will pass on Greek soil. Reasons for this decision include:
- the desire to "wipe the nose" of the German neighbor;
- make a good impression on civilized countries;
- championship in the undeveloped area;
- the growing influence of France as a cultural and sports center of the Old World.
The first modern Olympic Games were held in the Greek city of Antiquity - Athens (1896). Sports competitions were crowned with success, 241 athletes expressed their desire to participate. The Greek side was so pleased with the attention from the world states that they offered to hold competitions “forever” in their historical homeland. The IOC also decided to rotate between countries in order to change the host every 4 years.
The first achievements were replaced by a crisis. The flow of spectators quickly dried up, as the competitions were held for several months. The first Olympiad in 1906 (Athens) saved the plight.
Attention! The national team of the Russian Empire arrived in the capital of France for the first time, women were allowed to participate in competitions.
Irish-born Olympian
James ConnollyJames Connolly - first Olympic champion peace. Working hard from an early age, he was fond of contact sports.
He studied at Harvard University, without asking went on a cargo ship to the shores of Greece. Subsequently, he was expelled, but the first Olympiad succumbed to him.
With a score of 13 m and 71 cm, the Irishman was the strongest in the track and field triple jump. A day later, he won bronze in long jump and silver in high jump.
At home, he was waiting for the restored title of student, popularity and universal recognition as the first champion of modern famous competitions.
He was awarded the title of Doctor of Science in Literature (1949). He died at the age of 88 (January 20, 1957).
Important! The Olympic Games are held under the supervision of a unique symbol - five fastened rings. They symbolize the unity of all in the movement of sports excellence. Above are blue, black and red, below are yellow and green.
Situation today
Modern competitions are the founder of the culture of health and sports. Their popularity and demand is beyond doubt, and the number of participants and spectators of the competition is growing every year.
The IOC is trying to keep up with the times, has established many traditions that have taken root over time. Hosting sports competitions now filled with atmosphere"ancient" traditions:
- Grand performances at the opening and closing ceremonies. Everyone tries to hold them on a grand scale, and someone overdoes it.
- Solemn passage of athletes of each participating country. The Greek team always goes first, the rest are in alphabetical order.
- An outstanding athlete of the host country must take an oath of fair play for everyone.
- Ignition of a symbolic torch in the temple of Apollo (Greece). It runs through the participating countries. Each athlete must overcome his part of the relay.
- The awarding of medals is filled with centuries-old traditions, the winner rises to the podium, above which the state flag is raised, the national anthem is played.
- A prerequisite is the symbolism of the "first Olympiad". Host style stylized symbol sports festival, which would reflect the national flavor.
Attention! The release of souvenir products can cover the costs of the event. Many European countries will share their experience on how to gain without losing anything.
Many are interested in when the Olympic Games will take place, we hasten to satisfy the interest of readers.
The ceremony of lighting a symbolic torch in the temple
What year is the new championship
First Olympiad 2018 take place on the territory South Korea. Climatic features and rapid development have made it an ideal contender for the Winter Games.
Summer takes Japan. The country of high technologies will provide safety and comfortable conditions for athletes from all over the world.
Football confrontation will be on the fields Russian Federation. Now most of the sports facilities have been completed, work is underway to equip hotel complexes. Improving infrastructure is a priority for the Russian government.
2018 Olympics in South Korea
prospects
Modern ways of development of these competitions suggest:
- Increasing the number of sports disciplines.
- propaganda healthy lifestyle life, social and charitable events.
- The introduction of advanced technologies for the convenience of holding festivities, enhancing the safety and comfort of participating athletes.
- Maximum distance from foreign policy intrigues.
First Olympic Games
1896 Olympic Games
Conclusion
Pierre de Coubertin is the founder of the modern Olympic Games. His obsession has helped save millions of lives as countries openly compete in the sporting arena. Preservation of peace was a priority at the end of the 19th century, and it remains so today.
marina baranova
History of Olympic Games
Abstract GCD using presentation « History of the Olympic Games» V senior group group.
Educational field “Cognition. Formation of a holistic picture of the world.
Target: Introduce children to the history of the Olympic Games.
Tasks: Introduce children to Olympic traditions . Develop children's interest in Olympic competitions desire to follow their progress. Cultivate a sense of belonging to achievements Russian athletes, a sense of pride in their country, a sense of patriotism.
Material for the lesson: electronic presentation " Olympic Games: history and modernity”, an interactive quiz game "What do I know about Olympics?» .
preliminary work: viewing albums about sports, talking about sports competitions. Reading fiction.
Technologies used: information and communication, health-saving,
caregiver: Guys come in, sit down. Let's say hello to our guests.
There is a knock on the door.
Guys, you heard someone knocking on our door. I'll go and open it, and you sit quietly.
Look, someone sent us a letter. What an interesting envelope. Let's take a look at it. Look, here there is a seal on the envelope and it says Greece, and here there is another seal and it says Sochi. Oh, and you know what is happening in our country now Olympic games and it is in the city of Sochi.
Let's talk today about sports and sports competitions. What sports do you know? Do you play sports yourself? What? (children's answers)
Children show the sport in pantomime, without naming words.
caregiver: How many of you watched sports on TV? Competitions, according to what
sport you watched? Who among you has taken part in the competition? (If there are such children, ask them to tell about it)
caregiver: Children, guess my riddle:
From dozens of different countries
Athletes have gathered to us,
You remember the name necessary:
This "gathering" - … (Olympics)
caregiver: Right. Olympic games are the main sporting events. Every athlete dreams of becoming Olympic champion . Let's try to compete with you. Look what I have. These are beanies Olympic mascots . Who knows who? (snow leopard, polar bear, bunny). Timothy will be a white bear with us. Bogdan will be a snow leopard. Andrey will be a bunny. Now we will be divided into 3 teams. There are pictures on the table, you should take turns bringing those pictures that relate to sports.
After the game, the children sit at the tables.
Do you want to know how Olympic Games? Then listen. (The story is accompanied by a presentation)
Olympic Games originated in ancient Greece. The ancient Greeks created many beautiful legends about how Olympic Games.
In those days, heavy wars ravaged the Greek states. Ifit is the king of Elis, a small Greek state, on whose territory Olympia- goes to Delphi to consult a soothsayer on how to protect his people from war and robbery. The Delphic soothsayer advised Ifit to organize games pleasing to the gods.
After that, Ifit established the "athletic Games, which began to be held in Olympia every 4 years.
For a while Olympic games stopped the war. People laid down their arms and went to Olympia watch the sporting events. That's why Olympic the games were considered a celebration of peace.
To the competition program included: running, wrestling, fist fight, throwing a discus and a spear, running with weapons, a competition of chariots harnessed by four horses.
Winners Olympic games enjoyed great honor and respect. Poems were composed in their honor, monuments were erected to them. The winners were awarded wreaths of olive branches.
caregiver: Let's warm up with you in order to win in the future Olympics.
We will do exercises (jerks with hands,
Jump briskly (two jumps,
run fast (run in place) .
Let's do sports (turns of the torso,
Squat and bend over (squat and tilt) .
Let's all be brave
Dexterous, skillful (tilts to the sides,
Because we must
Be the hope of the country (step in place) .
IN Olympic competitions,
Win all competitions (clap hands) .
caregiver: Warm up? Sit down and continue the conversation. After Olympic the games were forgotten for a long time. And they were revived only 119 years ago. The founder of modern Olympic games was the French baron Pierre de Coubertin.
Modern Olympic The Games are the world's largest multi-sport competition, held every four years. At the beginning, in the program Olympic games included only summer views sports.
What summer sports do you know? (children's answers).
slide 8 and 9
In 1924, the first winter Olympic Games. Since then, they have been held regularly.
call me winter views sports that you know? (children's answers).
slide 10 and 11
Well, we remembered what kinds of sports are. Let's play a game now.
You will be divided into two teams. One team will collect pictures with winter sports, and the second with summer ones. Get out here.
A game "Who will collect faster".
Solve another riddle:
That fire in a huge bowl -
There is nothing better for athletes!
Everyone is happy to see him -
started Olympics.
What is this? (olympic fire) .
Olympic fire is one of the main symbols Olympic Games. It was lit in ancient Greece during the games.
Olympic the torch is lit a few months before Olympic Games in the city where Ancient Olympic Games - in Olympia.
lit in Olympia the fire is relayed to the venue of the games.
Such a relay race passes through different countries and continents, through small villages and big cities.
Slide 15 and 16 17 and 18
Relay race Olympic fire finishes on the opening day of the games on central stadium the city in which Olympic Games. The opening ceremony of the games is always solemn and colorful. This is a real feast for the participants and for the spectators.
Honor to carry Olympic torch at the last stage of the relay and light the Fire Olympics is provided to the honored athlete of the host country of the Games.
The Olympic flame burns in the Olympic bowl until the close of the games.
At Olympic Games have their motto and oath. The motto sounds So:
"Faster, higher, stronger".
Olympic the oath is pronounced by the athlete of the country where the next Olympic Games. On behalf of all athletes, promises: "We will participate in these Olympic Games, respecting and observing the rules under which they are held, in a truly sporting spirit, for the glory of sport and in the name of the honor of their teams. "
Another symbol Olympic Games - Olympic rings - are five interlaced rings - their colors are blue, yellow, black, green and red - on a white background. This is the emblem Olympic Movement, which symbolizes the five inhabited parts of the world - America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Oceania.
Let's play with you. You will be divided into two teams and each will collect their own Olympic rings
A game "Collect Olympic rings» .
In 1980 XXII summer Olympic games were held in Moscow.
A very cute bear cub has become the mascot of the Moscow Games.
Last summer Olympic games were played last summer (2012) in London.
The talisman of these games were two one-eyed steel drops.
And now, you probably know that in Sochi on February 7, XXII winter Olympic Games.
And the mascots of these games were - a polar bear, a hare and a snow leopard.
All athletes participating in Olympic Games dream of winning medals.
And exactly one month later, from March 7 to March 19, the Paralympic Games will be held in Sochi. This is an international sports competition for people with disabilities.
slide 28 and 29
These games also have mascots - Ray and Snowflake.
caregiver: And now let's check what you remember and hold our expert competitions Olympic Games. (An interactive quiz game will be held "What do I know about Olympics?» ) .
Questions:
1 Where did the first Olympic Games?
2 What are Olympic Games?
3 Name the main character Olympic Games?
4 Where they light olympic fire?
5 What is the motto olympiads?
6 What else olympic symbol You know?
7 Name the talismans Olympic Games in Moscow?
8 Name the talismans Olympic Games in Sochi?
9 Name a color Olympic rings?
10 Name the talismans Paralympic Games?
caregiver: You are all great!