Overweight in the vast majority of cases, it is the result of an improper lifestyle and diet, and especially when it is "professed" in the fat man's family. Completeness in such families is considered a hereditary concept, and the blame falls on wide bone. Well, since the matter is in genetics, then, of course, it is not advisable to exclude from the menu fatter and thicker cabbage soup, rich jelly and other masterpieces of home cooking, which have become a favorite family tradition to consume in front of the TV. And since the “bones” were not lucky, then at least the stomach rejoices. Is there a rational grain in such beliefs? What is the concept of "wide bone"? How to determine it, and is it really her fault for being overweight?

Wide bone or wide myth?

The photograph shows two twin sisters, to whom their parents passed on the same heredity and predisposition, in addition, they are both full and healthy. What happens? Did one of them grow bone along with fat?

It makes sense to talk about the genetic characteristics of an organism when, for example, everyone in the family is red-haired, or lop-eared, or tall. When everyone is fat, the reason must first be sought in the refrigerator, pots and culinary habits of a grandmother or mother. In medicine, there is no concept of "wide bone". There is a classification of body types and differences in the structures of the skeleton, but they in no way form a tendency to be overweight. Shifting all responsibility for volumetric forms to the “wide bone” is preferred by those who are used to indulging themselves in the exorbitant use of tasty and unhealthy food.

Sometimes in medical indicators you can meet "narrow or wide pelvic bones", but this wording is relevant only when observing pregnancy and predicting childbirth. The wide pelvic bones, both women and men, can acquire two kilograms of fat, and maybe ten or even more. Therefore, the width of the bones of the thighs is a feature that absolutely does not affect the fat layer of the entire body.

How to determine body proportions?

If you set out to determine whether you have a wide bone or not, then it is very likely that you have problems with overweight. It is easier for many people to believe in legends about big-boned people than to admit to themselves their excessive appetite, laziness and ignorance. If this is not about you, but you still would like to know how harmonious the proportions of your body are, and what is its constitution, use Dr. Solovyov's index.

The method for determining body proportions is very simple: take a centimeter tape and measure the circumference of the wrist joint (wrist). Its length will be a relative indicator of individual differences in bone thickness:

• from 15 to 18 cm for men - asthenic and conditionally thin-boned person;
• from 15 to 17 cm for women and from 18 to 20 cm for men - normal physique, proportional bone thickness;
• more than 17 cm for women and 20 cm for men - hypersthenic, conditionally broad-boned person.

Another way will help determine the type of physique and without a centimeter. To do this, just take the wrist of your left hand into the ring with your thumb and forefinger:

• fingers touching - normal physique;
• fingers do not reach each other - hypersthenic type;
• fingers overlap each other - asthenic physique.

The harm and benefits of body positivity

There is such a trend - body positivity, promoted by "broad-boned" people. His philosophy is that a person who has a lot is beautiful! The purpose of the current is to convince mankind that excess weight- it's normal and even beautiful. There is a positive side to this, of course. People must learn to love themselves the way God intended them to be (nature, genetics, etc.). But it is appropriate to talk about this when it comes to small breasts, big noses or short legs. If a person drags on himself another “person” in the form of 50-60, or even 100 extra pounds, then what is the beauty?

Undoubtedly, magnificent forms can and should fit into the parameters of beauty, but only on condition that body fat are proportionally distributed throughout the body, do not blur with a shapeless "jelly" and, most importantly, do not provoke the appearance of diseases caused by a high degree of obesity. Only in this case, bodypositive has the right to be called positive. Otherwise, it is propaganda of an unhealthy lifestyle, dislike for oneself and disrespect for others.

Loving your body is important! Each person has every right not to conform to the glossy or stereotyped concepts of beauty. Just like in clothes, hairstyle or demeanor, he can express his individuality with the parameters of the figure. Lush female forms drive crazy any generation of men, and it seems that they will never go out of fashion. But lush does not mean ugly fat. In everything there should be a measure, taste, proportions, and in appearance - also a healthy look. Although a full, but well-groomed and healthy body can be called beautiful.

To become a follower of body positivity means to adhere to two main rules:

1. Love yourself, but do not indulge your bad habits. Sometimes people misunderstand the concepts of "self-love" and "willpower." For example, ladies with a "wide bone" can easily eat the fifth piece of cake and call it "pamper your beloved", refuse to take classes in gym and declare himself a man with iron willpower and the ability not to succumb to fashion trends. But on the other hand, how pleasant it is to succumb to such tasty, but such bad habits, there are often and many. To love yourself means to take care of your health, excluding bad habits, including gluttony.

1. Self love should make things better. Doing better does not mean better than someone else. The value of body positivity is that it teaches its followers to be better than yesterday's self, without relying on rigid beauty standards set by someone. And if you set yourself the goal of going on a diet or starting to run, but lasted only ten days, and broke on the eleventh, this does not mean that you are a spineless rag! This means that you were better than yourself for ten days, and on the twelfth day you will be better too, because you do not stop mastering a healthy habit that will help you get rid of the “wide bone” forever.

Content

The vast majority of overweight people, complaining about their problems, consider their own physique as an obstacle to their solution. You can often hear the following judgments: "I'm not complete, this is a natural feature - such a bone!"

Big bone or overweight?

The supposedly wide bone is blamed on those who are unable to part with extra pounds: “If I were, like a friend, thin-boned, then I didn’t have to lose weight, but here you’ll never become slim because of the wide bone!”

How to tell if you have a wide bone

So what is this bone? Who can be called its owner? And how does the complexion affect harmony?

To determine the harmony of the human body, it is customary to use a criterion called the Solovyov index. Determining the type of constitution is quite simple. You just need to measure the size of your own wrist.

In general, a ruler or centimeter tape is not even required. Measurements can be taken with your own fingers, clasping the wrist of your left hand with the second rook and paying attention to the position of the thumb and forefinger.

• Fingers touch in people with a normal physique.
• If you can’t connect your fingers, the person belongs to the hypersthenic type.
• And the fingers that are one on top of the other indicate that we have an asthenic with a thin bone in front of us.

A mirror can also tell about your type.

In asthenics, vertical dimensions prevail over horizontal parameters. Such people have long limbs and necks, elongated phalanges of the fingers, and often weakly expressed musculature.

People of normal build are proportional.

And hypersthenics are characterized by the predominance of transverse parameters over longitudinal ones. The backbone of such people is heavy, the legs are often short, and the hips, chest and shoulders are wide.

But a heavy bone is not a diagnosis, much less a sentence. The way a person looks, whether he is obese or slender is 4/5 dependent on lifestyle, and not on innate characteristics.

Asthenic body type . Women of this constitution are characterized by general thinness, a long and thin neck, narrow shoulders, a flat and narrow chest, elongated thin limbs, a long face and a thin nose. Growth is often above average. Muscles in such women are poorly developed. Therefore, they lack strength and endurance. But the representatives of this group are energetic, light and elegant, have a small weight. Of the obvious advantages of an asthenic physique, it is worth mentioning the minimum tendency to be overweight. When choosing sports disciplines, it is better to give preference to those that are aimed at developing the missing skills: strength and endurance. These include swimming, aerobics, dancing. To correctly classify your physique as a thin-boned type, measure the circumference of your wrist. In the group under consideration, it should be less than 16 cm.

Normosthenic body type . In women of this constitution, the main body sizes are proportional. Such ladies often have slender legs, slim waist and, in general, a harmonious figure. Growth is usually average. Such people are naturally well-coordinated, sharp and fast. Of the sports disciplines are best suited game types(volleyball, basketball, etc.), as well as tennis, water aerobics. Wrist circumference should be between 16 and 18.5 cm.

Hypersthenic body type . Women of this constitution have heavy and wide bones, voluminous shoulders, a wide and short chest, and slightly shortened limbs (as a rule). Growth is often below average. By nature, such ladies have strength and endurance, but are deprived of flexibility and grace. Therefore, the recommended sports disciplines are as follows: yoga, callanetics, martial arts etc. In addition, the disadvantages of the hypersthenic body type include a low metabolic rate, which implies an increased tendency to be overweight. The circumference of the wrist with a broad-boned physique is more than 18.5 cm.

Growth rate and leg length

You can also determine your body type based on the height and length of the legs. For a normo-bone and wide-bone body build, a range between 166 and 170 cm is considered normal growth, while for an asthenic type it is within 168 - 172 cm. There are certain proportions between the height and length of a person's legs. Legs are considered short if their length is less than half the height.

Leg length is measured from the tubercle femur opposite hip joint, to the floor.

The ideal leg length should be within the following limits:

• asthenic type: legs are 2-4 cm longer than half the height
• normosthenic type: legs are 4-6 cm longer than half the height
• hypersthenic type: legs are 6-9 cm longer than half the height

Do not be discouraged if your performance does not match the ideal. You can create the appearance of the desired length of the legs with the help of heels. By the way, this is one way to find the perfect heel height. Just count how many cm you do not fit into the standards and wear heels of just that height.

Whiteles and the Pinier Index

Whiteles(from English vitels vital organs) - dimensions female figure- height, leg length, bust, waist, hips

Normal whites for young women:

body typeasthenicNormosthenicHypersthenicCircle chest 84 - 86 cm1/2 height + 2-5cm1/2 height + 8-10cmBreast volumeChest circumference + 4-6 cmChest circumference + 8-10 cmWaist circumference60 - 64 cmHeight - 105 cm70 - 76 cmHip circumferenceWaist circumference + 30cmWaist circumference + 30cmWaist circumference + 28 cm

For a more objective assessment, you can also use the indicators of the Pignet index.

Pinier index = standing height (cm) - (body weight (kg) + chest circumference (cm))

With indicators less than 10 - a strong (dense) physique; 10-25 - normal; 26-35 - weak; more than 35 - very weak.

Weight norm

Of course, being overweight does not adorn any woman. Beauty is health, harmony, smartness. It is these external data that men consider ideal on a subconscious level. In addition, fullness leads to premature aging of the whole organism. That is why it is very important to know the limits of your normal weight. But what do they depend on? Is it just height and age? Not only. To correctly determine the norm of weight, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of your body: overall structure body (type of constitution), shoulder width, chest features, etc.

However, we must not forget that being overweight is not always a sign excess fat in organism. Adipose tissue It is an integral part of any living organism. And she is vital to him. Under normal conditions, the amount of fat in men is 1/20, and in women 1/16 of body weight. And about 75% of all fat is located directly under the skin. A small amount of fat under the skin protects against bruises and hypothermia. Certain minimum body fat internal organs keeps them in the right place, protects them from excessive mobility, injuries and concussions. In addition, fat is energy that can be used if needed.

On our site there are several ways to calculate the norm of weight, based on the characteristics of the type of physique.

Using the formula below, you can find out your weight per 1 centimeter of height:

Weight per 1 cm of height = body weight (grams) / height (centimeters)

Knowing your body type, multiply the coefficient by your height, and you will get your normal weight.

The weight limit for women by a certain age can be calculated from the table below:

Well, let's, ladies, take out a centimeter and measure your wrist from bone to bone ... I have exactly 18, but how many do you have?

Where the excuse “I have a wide bone” came from is hard to say. But you can publish a text about how much the skeleton weighs and how much its weight can differ from person to person. different people.

Dry, fat-free and dehydrated human skeleton(that is, what will remain of you and me in this world) average weighs only about 4 kg in men and about 2.8 kg in women. In percentage terms, the skeleton occupies approximately 6-7% of the body weight in an adult.

Bone density makes adjustments

All we know from the course school curriculum what is density - and so, with the same volumes, the skeletons of different people of a person can have slightly different weights, i.e. Some people will have thicker bones, some less. How much a big difference maybe it depends on what?

Bone mineral density can change with age (including due to osteoporosis), with concomitant diseases, nutrition (decrease with malnutrition, and vice versa - with sufficient nutrition). Also, bone density depends on weight loss or weight gain: scientists have calculated that for every 1 kg of body fat lost, an average of 16.5 g of bone minerals is lost, in fact, when gaining the same 1 kg of fat, about the same amount is restored (Jensen et al., 1994, ), against the background of existing training volume.

Here are typical normal values ​​for bone density, including data for athletes and athletes who develop bone tissue adaptation to impact loading, and an approximate calculation of the difference in grams between these values, so that you can clearly understand what the value is for total bone / skeleton weight, has a density bone mass.

Data on bone density in adults (173 people, 18-31 years), different kind sports: runners (R), cyclists (C), triathletes (TRI), judokas and wrestlers (HA), soccer and handball and basketball and volleyball players (TS), student athletes, non-specialized sports (STU), and non-training (UT ).

Average values ​​for bone mass density in adults are in the region of 1.0 – 1.2 g/cm2. Roughly speaking, this can be translated as +/-10% in different people depending on the factor.

These values ​​vary depending on age, gender, race, level and type of physical activity, nutritional status, body condition, presence of diseases, etc. But on average, something like this.

Data on skeletal weight and bone density of people of different age groups:

BMC is the skeletal weight in grams, BMD is the bone density in g/cm2. BF - black women, WF - white women. BM are black men, WM are white men.

Let's take the data of the last table as an example and take the borderline values: the lowest bone density (in white women, the case of the lowest density is 1.01 g/cm2) and the highest bone density (in a dark-skinned man, the case of the highest density is 1.42 g/cm2). This gives us the difference between the person with the lowest (lightest bones among hundreds of subjects) and the person with the highest bone density (the heaviest bones of all) of only about 0.7 kg at an average skeletal weight.

By the way, even growth hormone does not make significant adjustments to bone density. Scientists conducted a controlled 15-year study in which growth hormone injections were given to more than 100 people. Bottom line: over 15 years, the average increase in bone mass was only 14 grams.

Wide but light

In the end, what we have: that the total mass of human bones, excluding fat and liquid filling, is something around 4-5 kg ​​in adult men and 2-3 kg in adult women.

Within these same boundaries, the mass may fluctuate, depending on the density of the bone mass, but again, this difference will not be so significant, in any case - up to 1 kg, depending on the density of the bone mass.

By and large, talk about “broad bone”, “powerful skeleton”, which drastically affect the overall weight of a person’s body, “fat power” and genetic predisposition to increased weight gain, in fact, is not quite comparable with the real state of things.

Yes, the difference in height and build certainly gives its shifts in various indicators of bone mass from person to person, but these indicators do not differ by 5-10 kilograms, but are on average no more than 2-3 kg from person to person.

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