Kickboxers can become worthy opponents to representatives of any martial arts with percussion technique thanks to boxing skills associated with work in the head, and the ability to attack the enemy from long and medium.
History of kickboxing
Initially, kickboxing is a balanced cocktail of classic English boxing and karate. In this form, it originated in the mid-70s almost simultaneously in the United States and Western Europe. A little later, elements of taekwon-do and Thai boxing. Since then, kickboxing has become and to this day is the martial art that most successfully combined the centuries-old traditions and experience of the West and East.In antiquity, the most, at that time, enlightened Greeks studied a rather tough type of martial arts, in which both arms and legs were a beating tool, and the hands remained in some priority. If the hands were wrapped in leather straps with heavy metal pads, then the legs were not protected. In ancient Holland, during the times described in the novel about Thiele Ulenspiegele, it was not uncommon to invite your opponent to measure strength "in a fair fight with hands and feet." Centuries passed, and stiff English aristocrats gave rise to boxing, and initially it was not forbidden to strike not only with hands, but also with legs and even with the head. The fighters fought with their bare fists, and gloves were used only in training, so as not to cripple the joints in vain. But gradually boxing was transformed and changed, becoming less bloody and cruel. A ring appeared (a platform for a fight), the number of rounds decreased (initially, their number exceeded or equaled 30). And only in 1867 did English boxing turn into the kind of martial arts that survived to modern boxing almost unchanged, when the Marquis of Queensberry made boxing gloves a mandatory attribute of the fight and introduced other rules very similar to modern ones. Kicks were banned as dishonorable and have not been used in boxing since. At the same time, in a more democratic France, such types of martial arts as savattes and chaussons continued to exist, where kicks took their place of honor.
Karate, along with other trophies, was imported to America and Europe from defeated Japan after the Second World War, and at the beginning took root with varying degrees of success. Perhaps a certain impetus for greater popularity and development was the release of films with the participation of bruce lee and the growing fashion for everything oriental. And in the spring (in May) 1974, an American M. Andersen and West Berlin German G. Brooker(Bruk-negom) was organized and held the First European tournament in karate of all styles and the first intercontinental meeting Europe-USA, with the participation of 88 athletes - black belts. Around the same time, the English term "kickboxing" appeared, which can be translated as "boxing with kicks", since the advantage of boxing punches over hand movements in karate was recognized.
Between 1974 and 1985, kickboxing began to develop rapidly in Europe and America. Tournaments and Championships were held in West Berlin, Los Angeles, Paris, Milan, London, Munich, Budapest, Harz and many other cities in Italy, Austria, Germany, England, Spain, America. Since 1985, women's kickboxing has also begun. Rapid growth and increasing popularity gave rise to their idols. Such as Benny "Jet" Urquidez, Bill "Super Foot" Wallace, Dominic Valera, Don "Dragon" Wilson, and the names Chuck Norris And bruce lee became famous all over the world.
"K-1." Kickboxing from Japanese promoters. Meeting K. Abidi And F. Bots.
In the Soviet Union, the first public organization of kickboxing was organized only in September 1989 in Kiev, and only in 1990 was the official recognition of kickboxing as a sport by the USSR State Sports Committee, the creation of the All-Union Kickboxing Federation and its entry into the World Association of Kickboxing Organizations (WAKO), as well as same in ISKA and PKO. In the 90s, many world, European Championships and tournaments were already held in Portugal, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Turkey, Greece, Ukraine, the Baltic States, Russia.
Today, there are many kickboxing federations in the world that promote both amateur and professional this type of martial arts to the masses. The most popular in the World and Russia are WAKO, ISKA, AJAXA, WPKA, PKO. WAKO alone unites more than 50 Federations of various countries, all continents, and it has achieved the inclusion of kickboxing among Olympic sports sports. Today, kickboxing is quite famous in wide circles and has a large number of fans and adherents. World-class tournaments are also held (Glory, KUNLUN FIGHT, W5), where best fighters fighting for the title of champion.
Video about the history of kickboxing
Kickboxing is a martial art that originated in the 1960s. This sport is divided into American kickboxing, Japanese kickboxing and solo compositions. If we consider the broad meaning of the concept of this sport, then under it we can understand various kinds of shock martial arts, the rules of which include kicks and punches using boxing gloves in sportswear.
How did this sport originate? Let's start with American kickboxing. It is logical that the birthplace of this branch is the United States. Back in the 1960s, a wave of popularity of martial arts passed through many countries. It was then that full-contact fights began to be practiced, in which, unlike the then very popular taekwondo and karate-shotokan, it was allowed to strike with any force. Also, after the implementation of any technical action, the referee did not stop the fight. Hits to the head were allowed, both with hands and feet, so I had to borrow some equipment from boxing. Initially, this sport was called “full-contact karate”, and the term “karate” meant any kind of martial arts - karate itself, wushu or taekwondo. Soon, the name was abandoned and the battles received a modern name. In 1974, the first organization dedicated to the promotion of professional kickboxing was founded - we are talking about the PKA (Professional Karate Association). The same year is considered the official date of birth of professional kickboxing. Later, American kickboxing entered Europe and the whole world. In 1976, an amateur organization called WAKO (World Association of Kickboxing Organizations) was founded in Europe.
The “Japanese” branch of kickboxing was formed at a time when Thai boxing entered Japan, which, despite the popularity of Kyokushin karate, occupied a very large niche. In fact, Japanese kickboxing is a remake of Muay Thai. Two significant differences were: a ban on elbow strikes and a different scoring system. Back in the 1970s, 3 organizations were involved in the development of Japanese kickboxing: AJKBA, WKBA and the Kakutogi League. After a huge number of Japanese kickboxers were caught in criminal gangs in 1981, most of all Japanese organizations fell into decay, and the development of this sport was continued by the American organization WKA. In 1993, K-1 appears, which turns this sport into one of the most developed professional martial arts in the world.
Kickboxing includes a number of sections that have some differences between them.
Light contact. This section prohibits strong accented strikes, thanks to which the pace of the battle is greatly increased. Victory is awarded to the participant in the battle who showed the best technique and inflicted the most number of kicks and punches.
Semi-contact. This section prohibits strong blows. The fight has a kind of intermittent character - after the athlete has delivered a clean blow, the referee stops the fight and points are awarded.
Full contact. Full contact - blows are applied with any force. As in boxing, knockdowns and knockouts are counted.
Full contact with low kick. This section allows strikes on the inside and outside hips.
Also, there are sections such as solo compositions, oriental, tie-kick, light with low and others.
I would like to end with some clarification. Kickboxing is:
A duel between two athletes is a fair sports fight in which fists and legs can be used, subject to strict rules;
True sport with application high technology with elements of thoughtful tactics, excellent organization conditions, as well as high willed and moral qualities of all participants;
Modern look sport, which has arisen and is developing thanks to the achievements of sports science.
Kickboxing is not:
Wild disorderly fight;
A duel of gladiators, which was arranged at the behest of bloodthirsty spectators, without any observance of both sports and moral requirements;
One of some eastern religions or oriental martial arts based on philosophical teachings. Kickboxing does not even try to borrow from martial arts neither the goal, nor the technique, nor the philosophical and religious ideas and values.
Kickboxing
Hit in the middle zone
Hit to the head
Kickboxing - combat sport that originated in the 1960s. It is divided into American kickboxing (full contact, full contact with low kick, semi-contact, light contact, kick-light), Japanese kickboxing (K-1 format), solo compositions (musical forms). In the broad sense of the word, kickboxing is sometimes understood as various martial arts, the rules of which allow punches and kicks using boxing gloves in equipment (thai boxing, shootboxing, wushu sanshou, savate, etc.).
Story
American kickboxing
The birthplace of the "American" branch of kickboxing is the United States. Here, in the 1960s, in the wake of the popularity of martial arts, full-contact fights began to be practiced, where, unlike most of the rules of then widespread taekwondo and karate-shotokan, there were no restrictions on the strength of blows, the fight did not stop the referee after a technical action (which hit the target), there were punches to the head are allowed (for which boxing equipment and equipment were borrowed - gloves). Initially, the new sport was called "full contact karate" (Eng. full-contact karate, full contact karate). At the same time, the term "karate" meant any martial art, whether it was actually karate, taekwondo or wushu. Soon, however, due to the protests of traditional karate functionaries, the name had to be abandoned, adopting a new term - "kickboxing". As for "full contact", this name was retained by one of the sections of kickboxing. In 1974, the first professional kickboxing organization, PKA (Professional Karate Association), was founded, which actually became the birth date of kickboxing as an established sport.
American kickboxing spread very quickly to Europe. It was in Europe in 1976 that the oldest amateur kickboxing organization WAKO (World Association of Kickboxing Organizations) was founded.
Outstanding representatives of American kickboxing: Bill Wallace, Benny Urquidez, Don Wilson, Maurice Smith, Dennis Alexio, Stan Longinidis, Marek Petrovsky, Jean-Yves Terio, Rick Rufus, Anatoly Nosyrev.
Japanese kickboxing (K-1)
The "Japanese" branch of kickboxing is associated with the penetration of thai boxing into Japan, which, despite competing with kyokushin karate, was able to occupy its very vast niche, but not in its pure form, but in a modified one. In fact, Japanese kickboxing is a reworking of the rules of Thai boxing. Significant differences were the ban on elbow strikes (it was believed that cuts often caused by elbows were harmful to entertainment, since the public prefers “clean” knockouts rather than stoppages of fights due to injuries) and a different approach to scoring (balanced scoring of punches and kicks, in contrast to from Thai boxing, where kicks are rated higher). In the 1970s, Japanese kickboxing was developed by three main organizations: AJKBA (All-Japan Kick-Boxing Association), WKBA (World Kick-Boxing Association) and the Kakutogi League. After a number of Japanese kickboxers became involved in crime in 1981, Japanese organizations fell into disrepair, giving way to the American WKA. Since the end of the 1980s, local kickboxing operators began to reappear, and in 1993 K-1 appeared, turning Japanese kickboxing into one of the most developed professional martial arts in the world.
Together with Thai boxing, Japanese kickboxing came to Europe, first of all to Holland, which became one of the main world centers of kickboxing (it is worth noting that the Dutch won 15 of the 18 K-1 Grand Prix in heavy weight).
Outstanding representatives of Japanese kickboxing: Toshio Fujiwara, Ramon Dekkers, Rob Kaman, Ivan Hippolyte, Branko Cikatic, Peter Arts, Ernesto Host, Andy Hug, Remy Bonjasky, Sammy Schilt, Masato Kobayashi, Andy Sauver, Gevorg Petrosyan, Badr Hari.
Rules
Sections of kickboxing
1. Light contact (Easy contact)
A section of kickboxing in which strong, accentuated punches and kicks are prohibited. Because of these limitations, the pace of combat is higher than in full contact. The victory is awarded to the athlete who demonstrated the best hand and footwork technique and, accordingly, delivered the most kicks and punches.
2. Semi-contact (limited contact)
Section of kickboxing that is characterized by prohibition strong blows.(except when the opponent unexpectedly went to the blow). in this case, a knockout or knockdown (if any) is counted, but points are not counted. The fight is intermittent, because after a clean punch or kick, the referee stops the fight and awards points. Preference is given to kicks, and above all, jumping kicks are valued.
3. Full contact (Full contact)
A section of kickboxing in which kicks and punches are delivered without limitation of force, in full contact. Just like in boxing, knockdowns and knockouts are counted.
4. Full contact with low kick
A section of kickboxing in which it is permitted to kick the outside and inside hips.
5. Solo compositions
A section of kickboxing in which competitions held to music include three types. Compositions are performed in a "hard" style, in a "soft" style and with objects, including fragments of traditional sets of formal exercises of martial arts. Compositions in the "hard" style reproduce the characteristic plasticity of "shadow boxing" of traditional martial arts, such as karate-do, taekwondo, etc. Compositions in the "soft" style are based on the technique of such martial arts as wushu. Compositions with objects are performed as a “shadow fight” with any melee weapon - a sword, knife, stick, nunchaku, sickle, mace, etc.
6. Oriental -
7. Tai-kick -
8. Light with low -
Kicks
Kicks - impulsive, explosive, ballistic, with a rectilinear or curvilinear trajectory, reciprocating movements of the kickboxer's legs, tightly reaching the opponent's body with an internal or outer part feet. The following types of kicks are used in a duel:
Back kick (back kick)- This blow is more often applied from the leg farthest from the opponent and a turn. First, a turn is made on the supporting (closest to the enemy) leg by 180 °. At the same time, it is necessary to see the target over the shoulder (right when hitting from the right foot). Further, the shock leg, unbending at the knee and reinforced by the push of the supporting leg and the movement of the pelvis in the direction of the target, strikes with the heel. The movement is similar to the kick of a kicking horse. This is very a strong beat used to solve a variety of combat missions in the ring. After contact with the target, a turn can be made further, up to 360 °, in order to take up the position of the combat stance. With the rotation of the leg by 180 °, a shock movement in a jump can be performed. It is very beautiful and quick kick. The blow can be applied both to the head and to the body of the opponent.
Jumping kick (jump kicks)- Almost all blows (including punches) can be applied in a jump. This gives them a certain uniqueness. However, such strikes are rarely used. They are spectacular but ineffective. The exception, perhaps, is only a kick back. In addition, jumping strikes break the rhythm of the battle and take a lot of strength. Speaking of kicks, it should be noted that they are used extremely unevenly. The most commonly used are semi-circular, reverse circular blows with a turn, chopping blows are used very rarely, and in many fights athletes do without them.
Crescent kick (reverse side kick) The Crescent Kick is one of the easiest upper level kicks that doesn't require a perfect split to throw. This kick is applied with the outer or inner edge of the foot, depending on its direction (outer or inner). The blow can be applied both from the front and from the foot farthest from the opponent. From the outside, this kick looks like a stretch for a longitudinal split, and despite the fact that it is not very beautiful, it is loved by many for its simplicity, strength and speed.
Low kick- a circular (usually) kick to the opponent's thigh or knee. Such blows reduce the opponent's movement speed, if performed well, they injure lower limbs, which leads to the end of the fight. Among all types of roundhouse kicks or any similar kick, the low kick is not allowed in all kickboxing rules. But if it is already used, then as a very effective, knockout technique. This strike is very fast and very stable, which allows it to be included in any combination and start an attack with it. At the same time, sometimes they forget about this simple technique without seeing all the variety of ways and moments for its application.
Round kick (round house kick) (circular kick)- The roundhouse kick is usually delivered to the head, which allows the use of leg flexion power. This execution makes it difficult to defend against this punch, since the leg can go around the blocking hand. At the start of the beat top part the bodies are turned along the trajectory along which the blow will be struck, after which the supporting leg is rotated by 90 ° (sometimes by 180 °), the knee bent leg rises to the chest, and by extending the knee, a blow is struck by lifting the foot or lower leg. A blow can be applied to all levels, in which case the word "round" is not pronounced, but a prefix is added (hi-kick - from the English "high" - "high", middle-kick - from the English "middle" - "medium" (in height), low-kick - from the English "low" - "low". According to the application technique, it can be light, but fast ("click"), and can be slower, but more powerful ("with carry") .
Side kick (side kick)- At the beginning of the strike, the knee of the kicking leg is brought to the level of the chest with its simultaneous bending in knee joint. The blow is made by the twisting movement of the leg with its simultaneous extension in the knee joint. At the same time, the pelvis, moving forward, towards the impact, strengthens and lengthens it, increasing the momentum coming from the push of the supporting leg. In the final position of impact outside surface the shock leg is turned (thigh and lower leg) up. kicking leg and the body must lie in the same vertical plane. The striking place when applying this blow can be the heel, sole or "edge of the foot". This blow can be applied both to the head and to the body, both from the leg farthest from the enemy, and from the near one. In the latter case, it is more often applied with stepping with the foot farthest from the enemy.
Ex-kick (kick from above)- Heel strike from top to bottom, as if with an ax - quite an amplitude blow. It is not easy for them to knock out, but it is possible to confuse and scare the enemy. Spectators who came to see the show performed by professionals are delighted with this beautiful blow. This technique often misleads opponents. A leg that drops sharply from top to bottom is often hardly noticeable. At good performance there is a chance to break the opponent's collarbone. The strike can be thrown with a turn, like a hook-kick, with the difference that the leg at the end of the strike will move perpendicular to the ground, and not parallel. In this case, the blow can also be delivered in a jump.
Front kick (straight kick)- In a kickboxing ring, it is quite difficult to punch an opponent with a direct kick, or a kick to the side (the reason for this is the rules prohibiting any kick to the lower abdomen, as well as the training of fighters who are able to both parry and receive such punches). You can, of course, throw these blows to the head, but more often they are used to control the distance with your opponent, stopping the opponent's attacks and starting your own attacks. The blow is applied with the heel or ball of the foot. In direction it can be ascending, parallel to the ground or descending, in the latter case, a “kicking” blow to the head is usually applied.
Hook-kick (hit-hook)- Produced by a movement that has a trajectory opposite to a circular impact. The kicking leg is brought forward - up - to the side and then a backhand blow is applied with the heel or the entire foot (like a slap in the face). The trajectory of the strike is similar to the trajectory of the backfist, with the only difference being that it is applied with the foot. A blow is usually carried out from the front leg, for the purpose of reconnaissance. A reverse circular kick can also be delivered from the leg farthest from the opponent with a 360 ° turn. In kickboxing, it is known as the "pinwheel". In this case, the impact is very strong. The blow is made from the leg farthest from the opponent (right in this case) and with a turn clockwise. After striking, the leg continues to move along a given trajectory, the 360 ° turn will be completed, the athlete will again take the position of the usual combat stance.
Undercuts (foot sweeps)
Undercuts used in kickboxing include: undercut by lifting the foot; undercut with the inside of the foot; undercut, performed with a 360 ° turn, that is, with the leg farthest from the opponent (a movement in many respects similar to a reverse circular kick with a turn). Undercuts solve a variety of combat missions: to deprive the enemy of balance, to reduce the pace of battle, etc.
punches
The basics in kickboxing are the same as in classic boxing: stances, methods of movement, methods of protection and, of course, punches are the same, but kicks form the basis of action. The basics of boxing handwork are very important. Many novice kickboxers become addicted to kicks, especially spectacular ones, but this is exactly what should be avoided. Just think how vast and deep boxing technique is, since many pros devote their entire lives to perfecting it, while kickboxers also have to practice kicking! There is no time to practice spectacular but ineffective kicks.
Uppercut (hit from below left) - This blow is more often applied to the torso. When it is applied, the weight of the body is transferred to the left (standing in front) leg, the body turns slightly to the left around the vertical axis, the arm is retracted back and down - a swing position is created. Further, the body turns to the right, around the vertical axis with a simultaneous push of the left leg. This blow is applied in an arc from the bottom up. The weight of the body can remain on the left leg, or it can be transferred to the right. When struck, the back of the hand faces the opponent.
Uppercut (hit from below right) - At the beginning of the blow, the body turns left or right around the axis with a simultaneous push from the support of the right leg standing behind. The right hand is slightly retracted back and down. Next, the right shoulder is brought forward and this blow is applied along the arc from bottom to top. Body weight is transferred to the front left leg. At the moment of impact, movements in the elbow and shoulder joints must be blocked in order to give the blow sufficient rigidity. The blow can be applied both to the head and to the body.
Backfist (spinning right hand punch)- However, in kickboxing there is one technique that is not in boxing. In case of surprise, this technique is able to send the enemy to a knockout. And since it is banned in boxing, it requires careful practice. As you do this, keep your distance. It often happens that a blow is obtained with the forearm, and not with the fist. And this is already prohibited by the rules of kickboxing. When making this blow, it is necessary to make a sharp turn of 360 ° around an axis passing through the front left leg and shoulder of the left hand. In this case, the legs and pelvis make a turn more sharply and overtake the torso, shoulders and beating arm. This twisting gives the elastic deformation necessary for impact. The right hand does Roundabout Circulation clockwise and may be more or less bent at the elbow. The blow is delivered with the back of the hand.
Jab (Direct strike with the front, that is, the hand closest to the opponent)- With a push of the right leg and a turn of the torso to the right (direct blow with the left hand), the left hand is sent in a throwing motion in a straight line to the target. In the final position of the strike, the weight of the body is more on the left leg. Before the impact, some swing may be carried out. To do this, the body turns to the left around the vertical axis, the left fist moves somewhat away from the target. Swing increases the power of the strike. The fist, when in contact with the target, can be reflected with the fingers down or to the right, which is equally correct and due to the individual athlete. The right hand protects the torso and head. This kick is one of the most commonly used in kickboxing.
Punch (Direct punch with the hand farthest from the opponent)- With this blow, the right hand (straight blow with the right hand) is already in the swing position. However, the fist makes a longer movement to the target and, accordingly, this blow is used much less often than the jab. This is one of the most powerful punches. It often in cases of a clean hit leads to the termination of the battle. Performing this kick, the kickboxer turns the torso around the vertical axis to the left with a simultaneous push of the right leg. Later, the right arm begins to unbend in the elbow joint with the continuation of the rotation of the torso and repulsion of the foot from the support. The right shoulder is brought forward. At the end of the impact, the GCT shifts to the front border of the support area and is projected in the area of the foot of the forward left leg. With a direct blow with the right hand, it is very important to perform a fairly complete turn of the torso to the left. This determines the length of the stroke. Some authors give such a guideline - a vertical drawn from the armpit of the right hand should pass through the knee of the supporting (left) leg. Left hand during this blow, it insures the head and torso from possible oncoming blows of the enemy. A movement is made along a trajectory going somewhat from top to bottom, towards the target from starting position fist. However, this opens the head for counter blows of the enemy.
Swing (Long-range side kick)- Apply it from a combat stance with an almost straightened arm. From the left-sided stance, the initial movement for a strike begins with the right foot, transferring the body weight to the left foot stepping forward; at the same time, slightly lowering it with the left hand, they make an arcuate movement, starting from the bottom up and further horizontally to the very target. This combative movement of the arm is assisted by a turn of the torso to the right. The blow is fixed on the target with the usual place of the fist turned outward with the fingers. The right hand is left to insure the head, protecting it with an open palm from the oncoming blows of the enemy.
Hook (Side kick left to the head)- Along with the right direct blow to the head, the left hook is one of the leaders in the number of knockouts made through its application. Especially often it is applied on a jump forward, under the step of the opposite (right) leg or after a right direct blow to the head or torso (we are talking about a blow from the hand closest to the opponent). For its implementation, some swing is first made. To this end, the body must be slightly rotated to the left around the vertical axis. The weight of the body is also transferred to this (left) leg. The shock movement, similarly to those described above, begins with turning the body to the right with simultaneous pushing away from the support with the left foot. However, here the blow is made along an arc going from left to right. With this blow, the hand can be, depending on required characteristics trajectory more or less bent at the elbow joint.
Hook (Side kick right to the head)- It can be more or less long. This is determined by how much the beating arm is bent at the elbow joint. With a long blow, the angle between the shoulder and forearm is obtuse. The right hook (hand farthest from the opponent) is delivered with a motion similar to a right straight punch, except for the trajectory of the strike. She is curvilinear. The blow goes in an arc from left to right (in rare cases, from right to left). Since with this variant of the impact movement, reactive forces arise that move the BCT even further to the left, in the direction of the target, a stable position is achieved by increasing the area of support along the front (legs are placed somewhat wider than with a direct right impact).
Prohibited punches
- Strike with an open glove
- Impact with the inside of the glove
- Strike with the side of the fist (allowed in semi-contact fights)
- Strike with the lower or upper side of the fist (allowed in semi-contact fights)
- Strike with the inside of the hand (allowed in semi-contact bouts)
- Wrist hit. In addition, blows and pushes delivered by the forearms are also not allowed.
Kickboxing equipment
At the moment, kickboxing is a sport with clearly established rules, in which the presence of protective equipment on the athlete is a mandatory item. Before the start of the fight, the presence of protective equipment and suitability for use is checked by the referee. Let's consider in more detail what should be worn on a fighter:
In any section of amateur kickboxing, it is necessary to have protective helmet. In some cases, the use of a training helmet is allowed. A helmet for kickboxing differs from a boxing helmet in reinforced protection of the top of the head, which is due to the presence of high kicks in the technical arsenal of kickboxing. It is also mandatory to check the presence of a cap.
Athletes must wear boxing gloves on their hands that comply with the rules of the kickboxing section - in the seven- and light-contact sections, these should be special “non-hitting” gloves, in the full-contact, full-contact with low-kick, oriental, thai sections The kick uses standard 10 oz boxing gloves.
Gloves must be worn on the hands before entering the ring, hands must be taped with bandages of a certain length.
All fighters are checked for the presence of a protective inguinal shell, for girls it is desirable to have a protective cuirass.
Athletes' shins must be protected by pads. This is a prerequisite for seven-, light-contacts and for full-contact. Since the rules of the other sections of kickboxing allow kicks to the legs, the presence of protective shields on the shin is specifically stipulated in the regulation of the competition.
Feet are protected by closed heel feet. It is not allowed to use karate shin pads with a "tongue", foot for hand-to-hand combat. Feet must be worn on bare feet.
It is allowed to have knitted knee pads, elbow pads, ankle pads of non-traumatic types.
If, when checking the protective equipment, the referee finds the absence or claims to the condition of any item, the referee requires replacement or replenishment and allocates time for this, not more than one round. If after the expiration of this time the fighter is not ready to fight, he is disqualified.
Such high requirements for protective equipment are aimed at minimizing the risk of injury to an athlete during a fight and increasing the entertainment of fights held according to the rules of kickboxing.
Famous kickboxers
Vadim "The Beast" Shesternev, [Don "Dragon" Wilson] Jean-Claude Van Damme, Sammy Schilt, Alistair Overeem, Peter Arts, Badr Hari, Mirko "Cro Cop" Filipovich, Ernesto Host, Jerome Le Banner, Scott Adkins, Mike Zambidis , Ruslan Karaev, Olga "Pedlar" Chemodanova, Arthur Kishenko, Gevorg Petrosyan, Andy Hug, Gary Daniels, Batu Khasikov. Igor Vovchanchin , Olivier Gruner , Nikita "Diputat" Rudenko, Igor "KMS" Anisimov.
Kickboxing in cinema
Kickboxing in computer and video games
- Street Fighter - character Joe, champion of the underground kickboxing championship. Street Fighter II also introduces an additional character, Dee Jay, a Jamaican kickboxer
- Virtua Fighter 5 - character Brad Burns, Italian kickboxer and seducer
- Sonic Battle - Bat character Rouge uses a lot of kickboxing moves
- Tekken 5 - The character Brian Fury is a master of Kickboxing, adapted for special forces soldiers.
- K-1 World Grand Prix
- Nekketsu Kakutou Densetsu is a character from Kunio Kun.
- EA Sports MMA
- ufc undisputed 2010
- ufc undisputed 3
What is kickboxing? Some experts consider it the most spectacular view sports. They explain this by the fact that in this martial art there is a symbiosis of blows (kick) and boxing (boxing). Hence the name. Rules and techniques are taken from boxing, and throws, sweeps and kicks are from martial arts. In this article, we will talk in detail about what kickboxing is.
Story
This martial art appeared in 1960-70 of the last century. The birthplace of kickboxing is the United States, since the first competitions for diverse fighters "All Styles of Karate" and "Full Contact Karate" took place there. They say that the name of martial arts was invented by Chuck Norris - a multiple world champion in kickboxing. At the same time, the competition rules were adopted. At first they were held in America, and then they began to be held in other countries. There were a lot of fans at the tournaments and prize funds increased regularly.
The popularity of kickboxing was largely promoted by champions and Hollywood actors in one guise - Chuck Norris, Benny Urquidez and Don Wilson. The new kind martial arts gained fame also because it absorbed the best of karate, taekwondo, wushu, English and Thai boxing. And kickboxing received audience sympathy for full-contact fights: it was not forbidden to hit either in the head or in the body. On the contrary, it was allowed to do it with full force with both feet and hands. In 1974, the first professional kickboxing federation (RKA) was founded. This year can be considered the official date of the appearance of martial arts. And after just a couple of years, its own kickboxing federation (WAKO) appeared in Europe, where this sport quickly took root. Now it is already the oldest organization for amateur fighters, uniting 89 countries under its auspices.
Basic Rules
In terms of rules, kickboxing has evolved significantly over the years of its existence. At first, this was the minimum: throws, trips, grabs, sweeps, as well as any blows, both with hands and feet, were allowed in the ring. Later, the “8 hits” rule was introduced, when during the round the kickboxer had to deliver at least eight kicks. This would make the fights spectacular. Now the rules have changed in the direction of "6 strokes". Also, fighters cannot carry out throws, grabs and strike with the elbow and knee.
IN this moment kickboxing competitions are held taking into account weight categories that simply did not exist before. And every two years, amateur fighters take part in world championships and continental championships, where the Olympic selection system is used. But for professionals, it's different. Their main thing is to prove that you are the best. For this, in each weight category rating battles are held. Whoever wins the most fights and gets the highest score wins the right to challenge the reigning kickboxing champion. The fight takes place in the ring. For amateurs, the winner is determined in 3 two-minute rounds, and for professionals - in 6-8 two-minute rounds. As a rule, the length of the duel for the title of champion is 12 rounds.
Schools, directions, styles
It is difficult to list all the directions and styles of modern kickboxing. We will name its main varieties that have significant differences in the rules: these are European, American and Japanese (K-1). Just the last option is the most popular today. K-1 appeared in Japan in 1993, turning traditional kickboxing in that country into one of the most developed martial arts in the world. K-1 is an explosive mixture of taekwondo, sanda, karate and other martial arts.
Kickboxing competitions are organized by the Japanese company FEG (Fighting and Entertainment Group). First, the best fighters are selected based on the results of regional competitions. Well, the winner is determined at the annual K-1 World Grand Prix tournament. And if in Europe this type of martial arts has long been loved, then in the USA K-1 fights are held exclusively in Las Vegas or Honolulu. They are banned in most states.
The specifics of Japanese kickboxing
What attracts fans of K-1? Fans of Japanese kickboxing cannot decide for sure whether this is a spectacle or a sport. K-1 cannot be called cruel due to the sufficient number of rules introduced. The fight goes on for 3 three-minute rounds. If during this time the winner is not determined, a decisive round will be appointed. If both athletes synchronously fell to the canvas and cannot get up, a draw is declared. In K-1, the three-knockdown rule applies. In this case, the victory goes to technical knockout. The audience is fascinated by what is happening in the ring, because they see how much effort the kickboxers put in fights under the auspices of K-1. Draws are quite rare. Most often, one of the athletes is knocked out.
Equipment
After watching the world kickboxing championship, you can instantly determine whether it is professional or amateur. In the first case, athletes perform with a bare torso and a minimum of equipment: mouthguards, inguinal shells, protectors on the feet, gloves and shorts. In the amateur kickboxing championship, shin guards, helmets and jerseys are added to the listed types of protection. For girls, chest protectors are provided. In amateur fights, protective equipment is mandatory. Sometimes, upon reaching a mutual agreement, leg protectors are also used in professional fights.
Technique
It is difficult to understand what kickboxing is until you get acquainted with the technique of this martial art. It includes several sections: defenses, sweeps, strikes, movements and racks. In the process of preparing a fighter, each of them is given enough attention. They cannot exist separately, as they are closely interconnected. Technique is a strict system of rules, and failure to follow one will immediately result in the failure of the other. For example, a lack of speed prevents a kickboxer from throwing punches effectively and freely. Noticing this gap in technique, his opponent will easily seize the initiative and end the fight in his favor.
Advantages
Compared to other martial arts, kickboxing uses different loads. And not only those that are aimed at development muscle mass. Let's take a closer look at what kickboxing is in terms of its benefits. So, this sport develops:
- Musculature. Training can take place both in pairs and without. In this case, both mobile and stationary equipment are used: moving targets, shields, makiwaras, pillows, and so on. All this forms beautiful muscles. No wonder kickboxers have such an athletic figure.
- Endurance. Push-ups, lunges, squats, kicking and punching - that's far from full list exercises that athletes perform in training. All of them are great for developing stamina.
- coordination. It is developed by classes with a speed bag. There are two modes of exercise: anaerobic and aerobic. Regardless of the type of kickboxing, they are used simultaneously. For example, running is an aerobic exercise, while jumping rope is categorized as an anaerobic activity. The predominance of one or another mode will depend on the personal goals of the athlete.
- Flexibility. Exercises for this quality are mandatory in kickboxing. They make hitting better and more accurate.
- Motility. It is developed by active movements around the ring. The fighter is constantly on the move.
Thus, kickboxing training develops qualities that may well be useful in everyday life. In addition, it is an excellent prevention of stress resistance.
WITH in English the word "kickboxing" is translated as "fight with kicks."
Women's kickboxing started in 1985.
In 1989, the picture "Kickboxer" with Michel Kessy and Jean-Claude Van Damme was released. Mark Dacascos starred in the fifth part of this film.
At one time, Alexander Povetkin and Vitali Klitschko performed in kickboxing.
In the second half of the 20th century, cinematography actively developed in America. Particularly popular at that time were action films, the star of which was Bruce Lee. In this regard, many kickboxers who completed their careers moved on to actors, stuntmen and stunt coordinators. They regularly demonstrated the techniques of their style on the screens.
Kickboxing includes several types of martial arts. This is karate, and taekwondo, and wushu, plus boxing: Thai and English. From English, "kickboxing" is translated as "fight with hands and feet", which is used in kickboxing. Here they fight with both hands and feet, both at medium and long distances. You can hit with full force in any part of the body. In kickboxing, you can fight without shoes, this is the classic version, or in special shoes, the French version. On the site http://www.18fit.ru/kickboxing.html you can find out more information about this sport.
Kickboxing is developing in several directions at once, and at the same time it is included in some types of other activities, as their variety. For example, aerobics uses separate elements of kickboxing.
Women can also practice kickboxing, by the way, they got access to kickboxing earlier than to boxing. Perhaps this is due to the fact that it is much more difficult for women to get injured here than in boxing. For them, there are a number of restrictions on strikes in the hull area. Women's kickboxing can include both full contact and partial contact, the latter being strongly reminiscent of taekwondo.
The main advantages of kickboxing over other types of martial arts are that different loads are used here, designed not only to develop muscle mass, but also endurance, coordination of movements, speed, and flexibility. In more detail about all the elements of kickboxing:
Muscular development. Training takes place not only in pairs, but also without a pair. In this case, various equipment is used, which can be in a moving and stationary state: pillows, makiwaras, shields, moving targets, etc. This allows you to develop beautiful muscles. It is not for nothing that kickboxers are considered the most beautiful and fit athletes.
Development of endurance.
Practicing punches and kicks, squats, lunges, push-ups - this is not a complete list of the exercises that kickboxers have to perform, which makes it possible to train endurance.
Development of coordination.
Practicing with a speed bag helps to increase the accuracy of punches and develop coordination well.
Two training modes: aerobic and anaerobic are used simultaneously, regardless of which type of kickboxing you choose. Jumping rope is a cardio workout, or anaerobic exercise. Aerobic exercise includes running. The increase in certain classes is carried out depending on the tasks assigned to you.
Development of flexibility.
In kickboxing, flexibility exercises are also widely used, which make it possible to make blows more accurate and of high quality.
Motor development.
Active movement around the ring significantly improves motor skills. In kickboxing, the athlete is constantly on the move.
Thus, kickboxing is a multifaceted training that can give those lessons that can be useful in Everyday life. In addition, it is an excellent prevention of stress resistance.