Hand-to-hand fighting technique. Punching techniques with hands and feet Techniques for punches and kicks

How to survive in a street fight. Illustrated hand-to-hand combat manual Terekhin Konstantin Igorevich

Chapter 15 Kicking Techniques

The principle of "feet like hands"

Have you noticed that when you move your arms, you rarely change the position of your body. And what about the legs? Here! Now we will work on how to “disconnect” the movements of the body from the movements of the legs and arms. You should try to avoid the reverse movement of the legs, arms, rotation of the body. The task now is to achieve the same independence from the body when moving the legs, which you already have, maneuvering your hands. In short, none the movement of the foot should not affect the position of the rest of the body! That is, as I said, we will strive to “untie” the legs from the body.

In the case of a street fight, you have to use all your limbs - and legs, and arms, and knees, and head, and elbows, and pelvis - any of these and maybe something else. :) (I mentioned growing limbs earlier.)

I strongly advise you to create a "numerical superiority", that is, during the fight, use as many shock surfaces as possible. Try not to move your arms (to the sides or back) while kicking. Only your opponent might like it when you reverse your arms backwards, for example, with a mawashi-giri (circular kick).

I also want to add that you try to avoid compensatory movement of the right hand when striking with the left.

Kicking height

From the point of view of applied, street efficiency, I strongly advise you to kick in the area from the floating ribs and below. We can conditionally call it the middle and lower levels. Variants with strikes above floating ribs, in my opinion, are purely sports competitions.

Confirmation of the above can be found in Bishop (p. 54): “Similarly, he believed that by using kicks to the upper level, the fighter opens himself up for counter blows that can be thrown at him at the same time as parrying blows. Miyazato used to say that karate is a defense against four opponents, not one.”

The same is confirmed by Motobu Choki (A. Gorbylev “Furious Fighter Motobu” magazine “Dojo” No. 1 for 2003): “... He kicked only in the knee, groin and stomach. These blows had exceptional power. According to eyewitnesses, in one of the fights, he, like a match, broke his opponent’s leg with one light “click.”

Well, as a final link to authoritative sources, I can offer Mabuni Kenwa. He is in his book “The Art of Self-Defense Karate Kempo. Effective in attack and defense", describing the technique of the legs, gives only three blows: a kick to the groin (kinteki (inno) no kerikata), a kick to the stomach (fukubu no kerikata) and a kick to the knee (kansetsu no kerikata ). (See Almanac A. Gorbylev "Khiden", issue 2, pp. 178–182.)

Kicks and how to apply them

Based on the optimal street fight set of kicks, then I advise you to work out only four: mae-giri (kick forward) and its variety king-giri (kick in the groin), mikazuki-giri (kick along the trajectory of the crescent), mawashi-giri (kick along a circular path), yoko-giri (kick to the side).

An important role is played by the correct position of the foot. On the street, in no case should you hit with an edge or instep. If you want, you can (just be careful!) check the correctness of these words. To do this, it will be enough to hit a heavy pear with the edge of the foot or the instep of the foot. But be careful! Both of these can lead to serious injury. Therefore, if you still want to test my words in practice, do this carefully, dosing the force of the blow.

mae-giri sometimes can be applied with the heel (heel) provided that the toes are pulled towards themselves. This impact surface gives crazy hard hitting. However, going from the other side - from the point of view of anatomy, the heel is an articulation of numerous small bones, which, obviously, cannot be strong. Therefore, applying mae-giri with the heel can be considered as one of, but by no means the only option. (If you remember the principle of “soft on hard, hard on soft”, then mae-giri with the heel can be applied to the abdomen or knee.)

Once, in the years of my violent youth, I walked down the street and smashed pieces of ice with a trampling blow with my heel. (Like training in everyday life. :)) After a couple of dozen of such blows, the heel hurt, so I was limping for more than a month.

Apparently, the application of mae-giri koshi (chusoku), i.e., the ball of the foot under the toes, should be considered a more pragmatic option. This allows you to lengthen the distance of the strike, but at the same time makes the strike less hard and can lead to injury to the fingers. In the conditions of the street, of course, it is worth hitting with the toe of the boot (“pyrom”). However, if you are not in ski boots, then I strongly advise you to at least try (it is clear that the shoes are quite hard. Although I usually choose even winter shoes for myself, in which the toe bends well.) pull, bend your fingers up. So that the reaction force of the support (and according to Newton's third law it is equal to the force of your blow) does not injure your toes.

Mikazuki-giri, as it is clear from the sources, was applied with the ball of the big toe (“jo-sokutei”). And in the traditional performance, it is very similar to the mae-giri, performed in a plane turned approximately 30 degrees outward.

Mawashi-giri is performed by koshi or "pyr" with fingers tucked up.

As for the yoko-giri, this blow is best applied edge of the heel of the foot, in other words, in street conditions - with the edge of the heel of the shoe.

It seems to me that the most reasonable position for the leg that has just struck (naturally, in reality from the point of view of distance) is to put it on the opponent’s foot, thereby limiting his mobility, depriving him of initiative and tying up further actions ( rice. 15.1).

The methods of setting and trajectory of kicks are described in the next section.

Practicing kicks

The basic kicks that I recommend mastering first are mae-giri (straight kick), mawashi-giri (circular kick) ( rice. 15.2), yoko-giri (side kick) ( rice. 15.3), mikazuki-giri (crescent kick) ( rice. 15.4) and kin-giri (straight kick to the groin).

Rice. 15.4

When practicing these exercises, it is important not to forget that the first thing that starts moving upon impact is the impact surface. And now, since we are talking about kicks, we are talking about different striking surfaces of the foot. The movement of the foot is the first thing that makes the opponent act, the threat that forces him to react. You have the initiative! (But you remember that in battle you can give everything to the enemy, but not the initiative!)

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Hello dear friends. Percussion technique in martial arts is of key importance. And each combat discipline has its own specifics.

Boxing

Percussion technique in boxing implies the presence of perfectly perfected fighters in the arsenal: jab, cross, hook

The first is the foundation of this discipline. It is difficult to knock him out, because he is not powerful. But it is used in all stages of the duel at long and medium distances.

The second is excellent performance. He is involved in the offensive, in oncoming and counterattacking actions.

The third is very fond of professionals. It is often performed from the front hand. Tactically, it can be used at any distances and phases of the battle. A boxer defends himself with the help of movements.

Training of percussion technique takes place with the use of different projectiles: pears, paws and other simulators. A fighter must develop power and speed. There are different maneuvers. These combined with good dynamics can distract your opponent and you can hit him with a decisive assault. You need to attack powerfully, all muscles are tensed. The blow is realized. You can exhale. For classes, the pros use a medicine ball. This is a special ball weighing 1 - 10 kg. Process:

Your position is lying on the floor. The trainer throws this ball at your abs. Your whole body is tense. There should be a breath hold. When the projectile is on your stomach, exhale sharply.

This technique must be followed in the execution of the attack. So her power is greatly developed.

There are also sparring matches. They are honed, and you learn to think through your actions, get ahead of the enemy by a step, be fast and dexterous. After this lesson, all the mistakes made are analyzed, there is a “debriefing”. Later, problematic strikes and their series are thoroughly honed.

Muay Thai

In the striking technique of Muay - Thai, the most effective strikes implemented with a fist - 55% of all attacks. And most often the right hand is used - in 77% of cases.

Jabs, hooks and crosses are also involved here.

The proportion of fisticuffs carried out from the side and straight is as follows: 43.5%.

Elbow attacks - 20%. Of these, the most effective are those that hit the head - 85%.

In this discipline it is allowed to attack with the feet. Efficiency is ranked as follows:

shin on the side - 15%
foot on the side - 93%,
foot straight – 7%
knee on the side - 56%,
knee straight and from below - 22%.

MMA

The shock technique of this hand-to-hand combat is special. Some techniques are allowed here that are prohibited in other disciplines. For example, a “dirty clinch”: a fighter grabs the enemy by the neck with one hand, storms with the other hand

Striking technique in MMA is impossible without the following techniques:

Backfist. It is characterized by great power, suddenness, high complexity of execution. When implementing it, you need to rotate the body around its own axis by 360 degrees. And, almost without seeing the opponent, you need to hit him.
Hammerfist. The instrument of realization is the hand. Execution: lateral or top - down. The target is the head. Done in a rack. Very often involved in the stalls.
Elbow. Has tremendous power. It is performed from the elbow. Hitting the head knocks out the opponent. The skin is cut on the face. It's banned in boxing.

Footwork

Previously, it was presented mainly percussion technique with hands. But in many martial arts, kicking is allowed and kicking techniques have been developed.

This is karate Thai boxing, kickboxing, etc.

Such attacks are very spectacular and spectacular, and effective. This is a combat tool that works at long and medium distances. The opponent is kept at the right distance.

The muscles of the buttocks and thighs work together. The shin muscles receive an impulse from the supporting leg. The stabilization of the whole body is the merit of the musculature abdominal cavity and back.

Technical nuances:

1. Compliance with the main algorithm: the leg rises, bends at the knee, an attack follows, the leg bends, returns to its place.

2. When lifting the leg for assault, the weight of the body is on the supporting leg. You need to balance on the support. It is important to have time to put the attacking leg back, not to fall under the retaliatory attack.

3. During the fight, the gaze is always directed to the eyes of the opponent.

4. Keep your muscles working together. Their energy is channeled into attack power.

5. During the attack, the toes are bent.

6. Do not stand on your toes when implementing the blow.

7. Attack weapons:

inside and outside of the foot
sole,
base of fingers
heel,
foot lift,
shin.

8. Variations in the execution of strikes: in static, in a jump, with a forward, backward step, exit to the sides.

9. Hands are held in place during the attack.

Tyson's work

If you are into boxing and intend to build on Tyson's punching technique, then keep in mind that this is extremely difficult. He developed it to perfection due to such factors:

High dynamics. With a compact stature, he has perfected the mechanics based on levers. His movements are very fast.
Elusiveness. This is where Mike's height comes into play. Opponents attack him in uncomfortable vectors. Their attacks lose speed and power. Tyson works in a super low stance, makes semi-slopes.
Peak-abu. This is the famous stand. Gloves are tightly pressed to the head and body. The opponent may not notice the development of the blow. From this position, Mike perfectly performed crosses and hooks, and built a powerful defense. He constantly moved his body.
Excellent leg connection. Their strongly developed muscles are important here. You need to especially approach the opponent and skillfully leave the offensive zone, taking the necessary stance. Ultra-low slope works. Dodges are made constantly, attacks involve the simultaneous action of a dodge and a dive.
Pendulum. Here you should swing the body up and down. And turn around - the pelvis. The pelvis is included in all movements. Breaking attacks and series are obtained. When swinging, you can’t fall over, you need to move with the center of gravity. The pendulum is needed to close the distance and go into pockets.
Sweeping blows. The muscles of the arms are excellently developed, the presence of a low center of gravity is the factor in the inclusion of a huge mass in all assaults. You need to attack in circular vectors, making a pendulum and taking a stance. The speed is high. The trajectories are specific. Basis - rotation of the pelvis with the legs. The musculature of the body helps. The body itself spins very fast. Back hand can be pulled back.
Series. In them, every blow should lead to a knockout. No reconnaissance. Works with bias. Jump jabs are also used.

Combination example:

Hook to the left (target - body) - uppercut to the left.

Right hook (same target) - right uppercut.

So the opponent opens up, lowers his hands, the zone opens for the next series:

Hook on the right (target - body) - hook on the left (target - head).

A feature of Tyson's crosses is the execution from the bottom up.

In addition to the technical aspects, you must have excellent physical strength and endurance. To be stronger than the opponent psychologically. Often Iron Mike crushed the enemy even before the battle.

Conclusion

Attacking technique in all combat disciplines has its own specifics. Technique must be meticulously honed. Get stronger physically and mentally.

Side blow with the left hand to the head and protection from it with the support of the right forearm.
Side kick to the body.
Side blow with the left hand to the head and protection from it with the support of the right forearm with a counterattack with the left side to the head.
Side blow with the left to the body and protection from it with the support of the right elbow.
Side blow with the left to the body and protection from it with the support of the right elbow with a counterattack with the left side in the body.
A side blow with a left hand to the head and a defense against it with a “dive” counterattack with a left side strike in the body.
Side blow with the right hand to the head and protection from it with the support of the left forearm.
Side blow with the right hand to the head and protection from it with the support of the right forearm with a counterattack with the right side to the head.
Side kick with the right foot to the head, protection from it with the support of the right palm and counterattack with the right side kick to the body.
Side kick with the left foot to the head, defense against it with the support of the left palm and counterattack with the side kick with the left foot to the body.
Counterattack with two lateral blows with the left - right foot in the torso.
Attack with two side blows with the left - right hand to the head, protection with the forearm stand.

Underhand punches

A blow from below with the right hand to the torso and protection with the support of the left elbow.
Strike from below with the right hand to the body, defending with the support of the left elbow and counterattack from below with the right hand to the body.
A blow from below with the left hand to the torso and protection with the support of the right elbow.
Hitting from below with the right hand to the head, defending with the support of the right palm and counterattacking from below with the left to the head.
A blow from below with the left hand to the head and protection with the support of the left palm.
A blow from below with the left hand to the head, protection with the support of the left palm, a counterattack from below with the right hand to the head.
Attack with two blows with the right - left from below in the body, protection with the elbows.
Attack with two blows of the right - left from below in the body, protection with elbows and counterattack with two blows of the left - right from below in the body.
Attack with two blows of the right - left from below to the head, protection with the palms.
Attack with two blows of the right - left from below to the head, defense with palm rests and counterattack with two blows of the left - right from below to the head.
Spinning kicks.
Side kick with the right leg outward with a turn.
Side kick with the left leg outward with a turn.
Direct kick with the right leg to the side with a turn.
A straight kick with the left foot to the side with a turn.

Single and double-strike combinations of different types

Punches and kicks

A direct blow with the left hand to the head, a defense with a slip to the right and a counterattack from below with the right hand to the torso.
A direct blow with the left hand to the head in conjunction with a side blow with the right foot to the body.
Direct blow with the right hand to the head in conjunction with a side blow with the left foot in the body.
A direct blow with the left hand to the head, a defense with a slope to the right and a counterattack from below with the right to the torso, a side left to the head.
A direct blow with the left hand to the head, a defense with a bias to the right and a counterattack with a side right to the head.
A direct blow with the left hand to the head in conjunction with a side blow with the right foot to the head.
A direct blow with the right hand to the head in conjunction with a side blow with the left foot to the head.
A direct blow with the left hand to the head, a defense with a slope to the right and a counterattack with a side right in the torso.
A direct blow with the left hand to the head, a defense with a bias to the left and a counterattack with a side left to the head.
Side kick with the left hand to the head, in conjunction with a side kick with the right leg to the body.
Side kick with the right hand to the head in conjunction with a side kick with the left leg to the body.
A direct blow with the left hand to the head, a defense with a bias to the left and a counterattack with a side left to the torso.
A direct blow with the right hand to the head, a defense with a slope to the left and a counterattack from below with the left to the body, a side right to the head.
Side kick with the left hand to the head in conjunction with a straight kick with the right leg to the side with a turn in the torso.
Side kick with the right hand to the head in conjunction with a direct kick with the left leg to the side with a turn in the body.
A direct blow with the right hand to the head, protection with the support of the left shoulder and a counterattack with a straight right, lateral left to the head.
Attack with a two-hit combination of direct blows to the head, defense from the first blow with the support of the right palm, the second blow is met with a direct left, side right to the head.
Side kick with the right leg to the body in conjunction with a side kick with the left leg outward with a turn to the head.
Side kick with the left leg to the body in conjunction with a side kick with the right leg outward with a turn to the head.
Attack with a two-hit combination of direct blows to the head, defense from the first blow with the support of the right palm, the second blow is met with a straight left to the head, from below the right to the body.

Hand-to-hand combat (teaching technique, techniques and tactics of the duel) Kosyachenko V.I.

Chapter 2

In this manual, from the whole variety of hand-to-hand combat means, the most accessible for learning and effective hand-to-hand combat techniques are presented.

Technical proficiency improves with regular training sessions, but the reverse process is also possible - after the cessation of classes.

The use of this or that method of attack or self-defense depends on the distance between the opponents, on the position of their arms, legs, torso, on the presence and type of weapons, etc. implementation, compliance optimal trajectory in direction, shape and amplitude, final accuracy of beats, tempo, rhythm, etc.

The conduct of combat is complicated by the fact that the conditions for conducting it are constantly changing, depending on the position of the attacker and defender, the degree and direction of their efforts, as well as the mental and physical state of opponents.

In structure technical readiness athlete (fighter), basic and additional techniques (actions) are distinguished.

Basic technique in hand-to-hand combat consist of: basic stances, movements, strikes and defensive actions with arms and legs.

Additional techniques are technical actions that characterize the individual characteristics of the fighters, as well as tricks that are difficult to perform and require long learning.

The process of mastering the techniques of hand-to-hand combat is divided into several stages.

Familiarization with a technique or technical action that is necessary to create a preliminary and correct idea about this technique and a clear understanding of its structure.

learning is carried out with the aim of forming the ability to perform the technique in its entirety or in separate details. It includes lead-in and imitation exercises, as well as the implementation of dissected and holistic exercises using other training methods.

Perfection includes the stage of initial learning, is carried out at the beginning of the lesson, when the body is in optimal condition. The amount of load is determined by the ability to repeat actions with a slight improvement in quality, or at least without deterioration. Rest intervals are optimal.

And at the stage in-depth learning, the method of holistic exercise is used. The frequency of execution, the total volume and intensity of the load should gradually increase. The main load regulator at this stage is errors. As soon as they begin to steadily repeat, it is necessary to stop performing the technique within the boundaries of this lesson.

When teaching hand-to-hand combat techniques, students should be guided by the following organizational and methodological provisions:

1. Learning self-insurance techniques precedes learning other techniques.

2. Punches and kicks are performed on hanging bags.

3. Training in painful techniques, chokeholds, throws and retention techniques is carried out on a flat and soft surface. After familiarizing yourself with the exercise, proceed to its implementation in parts or in slow pace. Then the techniques are performed as a whole (together) with a gradual acceleration of the tempo. Subsequently, the reception is carried out according to assignments, with a gradually becoming more complicated situation.

4. Training exercises are carried out from various starting positions and with overcoming individual obstacles.

To prevent injury, the following precautions must be observed:

Before performing the techniques, it is imperative to warm up with self-insurance techniques;

When performing grips and throws, insure the partner, supporting him by the hand and preventing falling on him;

Punches, kicks only need to be indicated by stopping the movement in the immediate vicinity of the contact point;

Painful techniques, suffocation should be carried out without jerks, with gradual increase efforts, and at the signal of the partner, immediately weaken them or stop the execution of the reception.

5. During the fight, you need to look at the center of the triangle formed by the shoulders and eyes of the opponent. If you look at the hands or feet, you can get confused or distracted.

6. Legs move easily and quickly. Feet should slide on the floor.

7. Show no fear in a duel. Confidently carry out your tricks and impose your plan of action.

8. Be ready to focus all your energy when the need arises. After completing the task, you need to relax. Practice each move repeatedly, both in attack mode and counterattack.

9. Effective execution of strikes and defenses is impossible without the development of various psychophysical qualities. During the execution of strikes and defensive actions, such qualities as the force of impact (power), speed of execution, speed of movement, anaerobic endurance, and coordination of movements are especially important.

General and special breathing exercises

Qualitative study of basic technique and successful conduct of a duel are impossible without proper breathing. Proper breathing allows you to quickly enter into a fighting rhythm, calm down with excessive stress, prepare the body for the upcoming stress or relax after work, relax, relieve irritation or excitement.

A variety of breathing exercises in hand-to-hand combat are aimed mainly at the formation of an optimal breathing regimen, so that later it can be coordinated with various movements(hitting, blocking, moving).

General breathing exercises are preparatory in teaching the concentration necessary for effective combat. basis general exercises is an full breath, which consists of lower, middle and upper types of breathing. The starting position for their implementation are lying, sitting and standing postures.

For these types of breathing, you need to completely relax. Relax your legs first. Then, feeling heaviness and slight warmth in the legs, you need to move on to relaxing the arms, muscles of the abdomen and torso, and face.

1. Lower breathing technique. Full exhalation, then a slow breath, trying to push the stomach forward as much as possible. The chest and shoulders should remain in place. Exhaling slowly, draw in the stomach. All movements are performed together, without tension. The back is straight.

2. Medium breathing technique(chest). When performing the exercise, it is necessary to keep the stomach and chest in place, expanding chest to the sides. When exhaling - do not compress the chest. The correctness of breathing can be checked by placing one hand on the stomach, the other on the chest, determining their immobility. Having mastered chest breathing, auxiliary techniques can be abandoned.

3. Upper breathing technique. Taking one of comfortable postures, exhale completely, then inhale in such a way that only the chest rises, and the stomach and ribs remain motionless. At the end of inhalation, when the tops of the lungs are filled with air, raise your shoulders. Lowering the shoulders and chest, exhale.

It is important to learn how to perform all types of breathing rhythmically and smoothly. To do this, you can count yourself: for four counts - inhale, the next two counts - a pause, then four counts - exhale and two counts - a pause.

Only having perfectly mastered the lower, middle and upper breathing, you can begin to learn full breathing.

After taking any posture, exhale completely. Then inhale through the nose, filling first the lower lobes of the lungs, then the middle ones, and finally the upper ones, according to the technique of lower, middle and upper breathing. After completing the inhalation and holding the breath, you need to pause, after which you begin to exhale.

Focus on every act of breathing.

It is advisable to do general breathing exercises in the morning or in the evening.

Special breathing exercises in hand-to-hand combat are performed in order to increase readiness for a variety of situations that arise during a duel, or to reduce negative consequences such situations. For this, special forces are used. respiratory systems(SSDS). They have two phases: inhalation, which is performed through the nose and quickly (0.5–1 s), and exhalation, which is performed through the mouth and slowly (about 5 s) with great tension in the muscles of the whole body. The exhalation should be powerful, like a scream, but not turning into it, but like a cross between a strong hiss and a wheeze. SSDS is easier to perform while standing, feet shoulder-width apart. On the quick breath hands are raised to the armpits. With a slow exhalation, lower the arms along the body, palms down (Fig. 1).

Rice. one

IN basic technique hand-to-hand combat distinguish positions (kneeling, on all fours), stances (frontal, right-sided, left-sided, which, in turn, are divided into high, medium, low), movements (step, run, jump or jump forward, backward, in side) and techniques of self-insurance (somersaults forward, backward, falling back, forward, falling back sideways, falling forward sideways).

Racks

The successful execution of strikes and defense against them largely depend on the correct position of the body, i.e., the stance. If the body is deprived of balance and stability, the methods of attack and defense will be ineffective. And the ability to defend against an attack under any circumstances depends to a large extent on the position of the body.

The stance in hand-to-hand combat is mainly related to the position of the lower body. Powerful, fast and accurate techniques can only be performed with a solid and stable foundation.

Main rack requirements are the following:

a) maintain balance when carrying out an attack or defense technique;

b) take with maximum speed;

c) strive for the muscles used in defense or attack to act synchronously.

The stance may change depending on the direction of movement and the type of reception being carried out.

front stand- the optimal position of the fighter's body parts, in which he can effectively attack and defend reliably. In this stance, the feet are parallel and turned at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis (line of attack) and stand shoulder-width apart. The legs are slightly bent at the knees and the weight of the body is evenly distributed on the front of each foot. The body is slightly inclined forward and turned around the vertical axis at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the line of attack, the back is straight. Shoulders are relaxed and forward. Hands cover the stomach, chest, head.

Left side stand with support on the front leg, used, as a rule, in the "karate" technique. It is accepted in the following way. The left leg is put forward bent at the knee, it accounts for 60-70% of body weight. The right leg is set back almost straight. Shoulders and hips are deployed frontally, the body is straight. The foot of the front leg is turned inward by 60 degrees, and the foot of the other leg is turned outward by 30 degrees relative to an imaginary straight line drawn from the toe of the front leg to the heel of the other. The straight left arm, extended forward, covers the groin, stomach, chest and head from a possible attack; the right arm bent at the elbow is at the waist.

Right side stand performed in exactly the same way, but the right leg is put forward and the whole stance changes accordingly (Fig. 2 a, b).

Rice. 2 a, b

Stand, with support on the back standing leg. The left foot is in front, the toe is pointing forward. The leg is bent at the knee and ready to deliver any blow, as it practically does not carry body weight. The right leg is behind, and its foot is turned 90 degrees in relation to the line of the left foot. The left hand is bent at the elbow and extended forward, the fist is at the level of the face or chest. The fist of the right hand is at the waist. The entire body weight is mainly on the right leg.

The body must be deployed at an angle with respect to the intended enemy. The height of the rack is determined by the distance from the center of mass of the body to the floor. This center is located just below the navel. The stand can be high, medium and low (Fig. 3 a, b).

Rice. 3a, b

Standing movements

Movements must have a definite tactical purpose and not be chaotic. The position of body parts in the chosen stance remains unchanged during any movement. Movements can be carried out in sliding steps or short jumps on the front of the feet forward and backward with side steps or are performed with a short step of the leg in front, followed by pulling up the other or, conversely, maintaining the stance. Movements to the right and left are performed in the same way, with the only difference that the first step is taken by the leg that is closer to the direction of movement, and the other is pulled up behind it. Movements in short sliding jumps in all directions are carried out by a push with one or two legs simultaneously.

Distance

In the practice of combat, there are distances - far, middle and near. You need to be able to fight in each of them.

Long distance - the distance from which you can strike with a leg or arm with a step forward.

Average distance - the distance from which you can strike with your foot, hand, without taking a step.

Close range - the distance from which you can deliver short blows with your hands, knees, grab, make a throw.

Impact parts of the body

Arms and legs are hand-to-hand combat weapons. In hand-to-hand combat, many parts of the body can serve as weapons. But the hands, elbows, feet, and knees are most commonly used, and become effective and powerful weapons when strengthened by appropriate training.

Mostly punches applied with fists.

A hand strike can also be applied with the base of the palm, the edge and outer side of the hand, the elbow and fingers located in various combinations. An elbow strike is used to strike powerful blow to any part of the body. Effective in close combat. It can be applied to an opponent standing in front of you, from behind or to the side (Fig. 4).

Rice. 4

Kicks more powerful than punches and can be delivered from a longer distance.

The striking parts of the legs are:

The ball of the foot (the ankle joint is extended to the maximum possible, and the toes of the foot rise up);

The edge of the foot (the ankle joint is bent almost to the stop towards the knee, the fingers are tense, the edge of the foot is set forward);

Heel (used when kicking back and forth, the ankle joint is bent to the end; the heel is pushed forward);

Knee (used in close combat; the blow is applied with the kneecap; the leg must be bent);

Lifting the foot (the ankle joint is straightened to the limit forward, the fingers are tense) (Fig. 4).

Self-insurance techniques and security measures

Self-insurance techniques are used to prevent bruises during falls, improve vestibular stability and spatial orientation. Particular attention should be paid to consistent contact with all parts of the body during somersaults.

1. roll forward: from a wide stance - put your hands on the floor at a distance of a meter from the feet, bending your arms, press your chin to your chest, round your back, push with your feet, do a somersault while maintaining grouping.

2. The same from the stop, crouching.

3. Perform a somersault from a high stance.

4. Perform a series of somersaults forward - put your hands as far away from your legs as possible.

5. The same from the jump.

6. The same with a running start.

Roll back: it is advisable to start training from an inclined surface from an emphasis, crouching; keeping the grouping, roll over the back - the knees are pressed to the chest, the hands are placed next to the head.

1. Perform a back roll from the middle and high stance.

2. A series of somersaults back.

Fall back: from the stop, crouching, roll back and make straight, slightly spread arms to the sides hit the floor.

1. The same, but paying attention to the preemptive blow of the hands.

2. The same, but perform through the partner's back.

Fall back sideways: from the stop, crouching, rolling back in a grouping, make a preemptive strike with a straightened left hand and lie on your left side, placing the foot of your right leg at the left shin, which lies on the support, and putting left hand with a brush at the left knee, raise the head and right arm up. Roll to the right side, maintaining the same position.

1. Perform a fall on the left and right side from the low and high racks.

2. The same through the partner's back.

Fall forward sideways: 1. From a low stance, placing your right hand with your fingers inward, rolling over your right shoulder, back and left buttock, take a lying position on your left side, at the moment of rolling, make a preemptive blow with your left hand, overtaking the movement of the body (Fig. 5).

Rice. five

2. Do the same in reverse, landing on the right side.

3. Perform a fall on the left, right side while walking, running, jumping.

4. The same through the partner's hand.

Fall forward: jump from a high stance and fall forward on slightly bent and spread arms, followed by a roll from chest to stomach.

1. Lie face down, bend over and, placing your hands at your chest, perform rolls from your chest to your hips and back.

2. Kneeling, perform a roll - hands at the chest; the surfaces of the floor, tatami or carpet consistently touch the hips, abdomen, chest.

3. Do the same with your hands behind your back.

4. The same from a high rack.

5. The same from a small jump.

First aid

With an incorrectly coordinated strike and poorly executed protection, a traumatic hazard arises, from which protective equipment protects well. It is necessary that the most vulnerabilities bodies - the stomach, genitals, and also the head. To do this, they use: a shell bandage, leg pads, hand gloves, helmets and, preferably, vests. During impacts, there are destructions of soft tissues, and less often - bone tissues. There are also shock conditions caused by concussion. Hemorrhages, abrasions, soft tissue ruptures can be treated on the spot: superimposed tight bandages, bruises are treated with chloroethyl or something cold is applied. If the bone tissue is destroyed (for example, fractures of the clavicles, ribs, finger bones), the victim must be sent to the hospital. A blow to the stomach may result in breath holding; it urgently needs to be restored by pressing on the chest in an approximate rhythm of inhalation and exhalation. The cessation of the activity of the heart and breathing can occur under the influence of a variety of reasons and in any situation. This can also happen in hand-to-hand combat, when performing strikes, throws, chokes and lateral techniques. It should be noted that paralysis of the respiratory center occurs 4–5 minutes after breathing stops, and the ability to restore cardiac activity can persist for 15 minutes, that is, this is the time during which it is necessary to provide assistance to the victim.

Main symptoms cardiac arrests that allow a rapid diagnosis are:

1) loss of consciousness;

2) lack of pulse, including on the carotid and femoral arteries;

3) absence of heart sounds;

4) respiratory arrest;

5) pallor or cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes;

6) dilated pupils;

7) convulsions, which may occur at the time of loss of consciousness, are the first noticeable environmental symptom of cardiac arrest.

These symptoms are so convincing evidence of circulatory arrest that one should not waste a second of time on an additional examination - trying to measure arterial pressure, count the pulse or look for a doctor - you must immediately begin resuscitation.

To do this, the victim must be laid on his back and with both hands make several sharp pushes into the lower part of the chest (costal arch area) or, putting him on the pelvis and clasping him from the back with both hands, try to bend him forward and then back and shake him several times torso.

If these techniques have not reached the goal, immediately begin to massage the heart and artificial respiration.

How is massage done?

It should be remembered that heart massage should always be carried out in parallel with artificial respiration, with the help of which the circulating blood is enriched with oxygen. Otherwise, resuscitation is meaningless. The effectiveness of massage is judged by the appearance of a pulse on the carotid arteries. When combining artificial respiration and massage, for each respiratory movement (inhaled air), you need to do 5-6 pressures on the chest in the region of the heart.

It must be borne in mind that in the absence of the respiratory functions of the body, artificial respiration and heart massage are carried out until the arrival of the ambulance and the delivery of the victim to the hospital.

Striking technique

punches

Having mastered the correct formation of impact surfaces in combination with correct breathing, you can start learning basic punches.

These include: punch, base of the palm, elbow, edge of the palm, fork, fingertips.

Punch is applied with its front part to the target located in front. It can be straight and lateral and is applied from all of the above racks. The strike will be ineffective if it does not follow the shortest trajectory to the target.

Direct punch technique (karate version)

1. Stand up freely, chest forward. Relax your shoulders, keep your hands on the sides of your body.

2. Raise the left hand to the level of the solar plexus, the palm is open and looks down. Raise your right hand to the lower back above the thigh, clenching your fingers into a fist, and take your elbow back.

3. Removing the left hand to your side, we squeeze the palm into a fist. She should take the same position at the hip as the right one.

At the same time, we throw the right hand forward with maximum speed in a straight line. The forearm is rotated so that the back of the fist is facing up. Blows are delivered with the front of the fist. The fist continues the line of the forearm or slightly goes down, but in no case - up.

4. Open the right hand and relax, take the same position as before, but changing hands.

Strikes with the base of the palm, fingertips and "fork"

Performed similarly to a direct punch. The difference is only in the final phase of the impact.

When striking with the base of the palm, it is necessary at the moment of contact with the surface on which the blow is applied, slightly bending the fingers, straighten the brush towards the shoulder; fingers are tense.

When striking with the tips of clenched fingers, it is necessary to straighten the brush completely. When struck, the palm is directed downward or inward. Fingers should be as tense as possible.

When performing a strike with a “fork”, that is, the perineum between the bent thumb and the rest, the palm is tense, the fingers are slightly bent; thumb taken aside. The blow is applied with a place located between the base of the index finger and the thumb, in the opponent's throat.

Direct punch technique (boxing version)

It is performed, as a rule, from the front rack. Hands raised to head level. The punching fist starts from the chin. The other hand is extended slightly forward and covers the head, chest, stomach. All parts of the body are involved in the execution of the strike. The movement begins with a push with the toe of the foot of the same name as the kicking hand. Then the thigh of this leg is connected, and then the whole body, which, turning, moves forward and, as it were, “shoots” the beating hand (Fig. 6). All other direct strikes described above can be executed in a similar pattern.

Rice. 6

Backhand Technique

1. The right arm is bent at the elbow, rises to the horizontal plane. The fist is over the left shoulder, fingers towards you. Elbow facing forward. Look towards the impact.

2. Turning the body to the right, bring the elbow towards the enemy.

3. With a sharp whip-like movement, straighten the right arm at the elbow, strike in an arc to the right and back. The blow is applied either with the back of the fist or with its edge. In the latter case, the fist must be deployed at the end of the movement.

4. I. p. (Fig. 7).

Rice. 7

Side punch technique

1. I. p. as when performing a direct blow.

The movement begins with the turn of the body in the direction of impact and the movement of the elbow of the striking arm in an arc forward. The forearm is fixed at the elbow, and the fist moves towards the target in a circle. Relative to the forearm, it is motionless (Fig. 8).

Rice. 8

Underhand punching technique

1. The weight of the body is transferred to the front leg with a simultaneous turn of the torso and a shock movement of the arm in an arc from the bottom up. The fist is turned with the inside towards the body.

2. Return of the hand along the shortest path.

Elbow strike technique horizontally forward

1. Take a right-handed position. Right hand in starting position for a direct strike, left in front, hand at waist level, palm down. The body is rotated 45 degrees, the left shoulder is in front.

2. The movement begins with the rotation of the body with the simultaneous movement of the elbow in a circle from the initial position forward along the horizontal plane around shoulder joint. The forearm is located with the outer side up, the fist is pressed to the chest. The left hand returns to the starting position.

In the final position, the body is rotated 45 degrees (right shoulder in front) and the elbow is directed forward. The striking surface is the back of the forearm and elbow.

Technique of striking with the edge of the palm, bottom fist

Saber strike.

1. Initial position: left-sided stance, left arm bent at the elbow in front of the body, palm down; the right hand is brought up to strike so that the brush is near the ear. The body is deployed at an angle of 45 degrees to the line of attack.

2. The blow is performed by transferring the weight of the body from the leg standing behind to the one in front! Bringing the elbow forward and turning the forearm outward, sharply strike with the edge of a tense hand (palm looking up) or with the edge of the fist (Fig. 9).

Rice. nine

A blow with the edge of the palm can also be applied in the same way as a backhand blow with a fist.

Technique of striking with an open brush (“Paw of a leopard, tiger, bear”)

1. The hand is shaped so that it resembles a clawed animal paw. The fingers are bent and extended forward, the palm is open.

2. The striking arm is raised up. The brush is at the level of the head, at the ear of the same name.

3. The blow is applied either from top to bottom directly in the face (fingers are aimed at the eyes, and the palm strikes the nose, lips and chin), or from the side along a circular path to the temple, cheekbone, jaw (Fig. 10).

Rice. 10

Leg kicks

The actions performed by the legs are extremely important in hand-to-hand martial arts. The advantage of kicks is that they are usually several times stronger blows hands and allow you to fight for more long distance but it takes a lot of time and energy to complete them. When kicking, good balance is required as the weight of the body is on one leg. During the execution of kicks, a strong recoil appears upon contact with the body. To prevent this from happening, you need to firmly place the foot of the supporting leg on the floor and strain the ankle of the supporting leg. For achievement maximum effect the blow is applied to the whole body. It is necessary to quickly return the kicking leg after the completion of the blow to and. n. This will prevent the enemy from grabbing or knocking out the supporting leg.

Kicks can be divided into two types:

1. A swinging, upward blow is applied with a whipping movement of the foot around a relatively immobile opponent.

2. Jog - is carried out along the shortest path with the shock part of the leg to the target.

Basic kicks are delivered with the following parts of the leg:

Lifting the foot (Fig. 11, d);

Heel - the foot is bent (towards the lower leg) and tense (Fig. 11, b);

The base of the fingers Bottom part feet immediately behind the fingers (pads), the fingers are unbent upward and tense upon impact, the foot is extended (Fig. 11, c);

Foot - knife, tense top part feet, fingers slightly extended and tense (Fig. 11, d).

Rice. eleven

Methodology for studying a direct push strike

1. Turning the body to the left up to 30 degrees, raise the right leg maximally compressed at the knee forward and upward and as high as possible. The supporting leg is slightly bent and turned with the foot outward. Body weight on the entire foot. Body straight. Look straight. Hands protect the chin.

2. With a sharp movement, straighten the right leg and strike with the foot. In the last phase of the impact, the pelvis moves forward, intensifying the impact. Bend in the back and strain all the muscles. The supporting leg remains slightly bent. Elbows move down and back.

When straightening the shock leg, the knee drops somewhat, thereby ensuring the movement of the foot towards the target along the shortest path.

3. With a sharp movement, bend the relaxed shock leg in and. n. (Fig. 12).

Rice. 12

Side kick study technique

starting position - combat stance.

1. Raise the right leg bent at the knee as high as possible, the lower leg vertically. Body straight.

Turn your head to the right.

2. Turning on the toe of the left leg, turn the right shock leg so that the lower leg is in a horizontal plane, and the foot is directed to the target point. Bend the supporting leg slightly. The body deviates slightly in the direction opposite to the impact, the lower back is bent. The head is turned in the direction of the blow.

3. Straightening the right leg as much as possible, apply it with a sharp blow with the edge of the foot. The supporting leg is slightly bent.

4. Bend the shock leg at the knee joint and take the position of item 1.

5. Return to and. n. (Fig. 13).

Rice. 13

Technique for studying a kick in an arc from the side

starting position - combat stance.

1. Raise the knee forward and upward while turning the lower leg into a horizontal and upward plane passing through the point of impact, the heel is almost pressed against the back of the thigh. The supporting leg is slightly bent, the foot is turned to the right. Body straight. Look ahead.

2. Slightly tilting the body back and twisting it to the left, sharply straighten the leg at the knee joint in an arc in a horizontal or ascending plane to the opponent and strike with the rise of the foot. pelvis and slightly bent leg pivoting to the right. Keep your head straight, look in the direction of the blow.

3. At the moment of fixing the blow, the fist of the left hand is somewhat behind the shock leg. The left shoulder is retracted, the back is arched. It is necessary to keep the line of the shoulders horizontal. The muscles of the legs and abdominals tense.

4. Quickly bending the shock leg at the knee joint, return to and through position 1. n. (Fig. 14).

Rice. fourteen

Protective actions

In hand-to-hand combat, defense and attack form a single whole, and a correctly performed defensive action (dodge, block, stand) is often a necessary condition for a successful attack. Several can be used on each hit. different defenses, depending on the distance, speed and tactical intent.

Protective measures must be carried out quickly and in a timely manner. In each specific case, defensive actions are used that create the most favorable positions for retaliatory or counter actions.

In view of the rapid execution of protective actions, their amplitude should be small. Therefore, the role of visual control, often carried out at a subconscious level, is important in defense to determine the beginning and type of impact that must be prevented. The quality of protection is determined by its timeliness and accurate calculation; it should not be premature, not belated.

Protective actions can be performed in the form of blocks, rebounds, supports, slopes, and departures.

Head impact protection

The blocking hand moves out and. n. up and forward until it touches the opponent's hand. I. p. - the arm is bent at the elbow at the hip or at chest level. On its way, the blocking hand describes an arc.

1. Protection from outside to inside with forearm or palm. From the position: the arm is bent at the elbow, the hand is located near the head - the forearm moves from the outside to the inside, performing a twisting movement to the opposite shoulder (Fig. 15).

Rice. 15

2. Inside-out protection with the forearm or the back of the hand. Hands are placed in front of the chest, covering the head. Repelling an attack to the body or head, take the opponent's forearm to the side with your forearm or the back of your hand from the inside out. At the moment of contact, the elbow is bent at an angle of 90 degrees, the hand is located at the level of the chin (Fig. 16).

Rice. 16

3. Beating down with the forearm. The defense starts from a position in which the left fist is near the right ear. The back of the fist is directed outward. The impact is downward. Straightening the elbow, you need to repel the blow to the side with the lower part of the wrist (Fig. 17).

Rice. 17

4. Protection with palms from a circular kick to the head. A blow to the left is beaten off with the right palm, and on the right - with the left; the hand that does not block, covers the head (Fig. 18, a).

Rice. 18 a, b, c

1. Beating off with the forearm from the outside to the inside. A blow with any foot of the opponent in the stomach is repulsed as follows. With a step of the right leg back, the left arm, bent at the elbow at the head, moves down with a fist, with the elbow up. The forearm rotates clockwise. The rebound is performed by the middle part of the forearm. In the same way, you can beat off with your right hand, while stepping back with your left foot (Fig. 19).

Rice. 19

Left, right and tilt back protection

1. The torso with a turn to the left leans left-forward with a step with the left foot forward.

2. The torso with a turn to the right leans to the right and forward with a step with the right foot forward.

3. The trunk leans back with a step back with either foot.

4. The straight body is turned to the right or left with roundabout corresponding leg back.

Diving protection

1. Performed simultaneously with a short step with the left foot to the left and forward, the torso moves down. Then the legs unbend, pushing the torso up.

2. Simultaneously with a short step with the right foot to the right and back, the body moves down. Then the legs unbend, pushing the body up, with a turn to the right.

3. Simultaneous squat on both legs and return to the fighting stance.

1. Blocking the arm or leg of the opponent can be done with enough force to discourage the opponent from continuing the attack. Such protection can be called active protection or "hard".

2. You can block an enemy attack with such an effort to parry the blow or change its direction. This is a soft block.

3. Defend and attack. After repulsing the attack of the enemy, immediately counterattack. You can also defend and counterattack at the same time.

4. With the help of your defense, you need to strive to unbalance the enemy.

5. Block the enemy's attack when it has just begun. In order to do this, you need to anticipate the attack of the enemy.

6. After defending, move to a safe position until an opportunity for a counterattack presents itself.

Methodology for studying throws

Throws in hand-to-hand combat are the pinnacle of technique. An effective throw is the best remedy knocking down the enemy.

To perform a throwing technique, it is necessary to have a special feeling to determine this short moment when the opponent will not be able to resist the throw.

It is necessary to act quickly and accurately, to take risks. To conduct a technique, you need to get as close to the enemy as possible.

front footrest

Putting a block with your left hand from hitting the side of the head with your hand, you need to grab the enemy’s clothes on your right hand, and with your right hand - clothes on your chest. With a step of the right foot to the right foot of the enemy, we turn our backs to him, transfer the weight of the body of the enemy to his right foot, at the same time with the left foot we step back to the left foot of the enemy, continuing to unbalance him. Knocking out the opponent's right shin with the right foot, we perform a throw (Fig. 20).

Rice. twenty

Rear footrest

With the left hand we grab the clothes of the enemy under the elbow of the right hand, and with the right hand we grab the clothes on the shoulder. Then, with a step of the left foot forward (the foot is placed in line with the shoulder of the enemy), simultaneously with both hands, we transfer the weight of the body of the enemy to his right foot and then, sharply placing our right foot behind his feet, we perform a throw down to the left (Fig. 21) .

Rice. 21

Undercut under the near leg

Both are in a right-handed combat stance. When the opponent takes a step with his right foot in your direction, it is necessary with the left foot to perform a swing movement above the floor in the direction of the enemy in an arc, while simultaneously grabbing the clothes on the opponent’s right arm and chest. Hitting the foot on outside his tibia, grab the opponent's sleeve with your hand, pull him down and perform a sweep (Fig. 22).

Rice. 22

Rear footrest with foot grip

The opponent strikes with a circular blow with the right foot to the head. Performing a block by supporting the impact of the right palm from the inside, with the left we grab his leg under the shin from below, with a simultaneous step of the left leg forward to the place where the opponent’s right leg stood. Next, the right hand grabs the clothes on the opponent’s chest, and at the same time the right leg is placed behind the heel of his supporting left leg. With the simultaneous movement of the right hand forward, and the right leg back, the footboard is performed (Fig. 18 a, b, c).

Lateral sweep with leg grip

It is performed when the opponent delivers a direct blow from behind with a standing leg. Making a block with the left hand, beating the elbow up, with the right we grab the shin of the kicking leg, at the same time leaving with a step of the left leg to the left and forward. The right hand continues to move, along with the opponent's leg, forward-right, and the left grabs the clothes on the opponent's chest. Throwing the opponent’s leg up with the right hand, pull it down with the left, at the same time with the left thigh we push the opponent’s left thigh up and, holding his right leg, throw it to the floor (Fig. 23).

Rice. 23

Throw through the thigh

A throw is performed when the opponents are in the stance of the same name (left-handed or right-handed).

To perform a throw, grab the enemy by the clothes under the right elbow with the left hand, and with the right hand by the belt on the back and, turning his back to the enemy, knock out his right thigh with the pelvis. At the moment the enemy falls on the carpet, release the belt (Fig. 24).

Rice. 24

Shoulder grab throw

Performed when the opponent tries to grab the neck. To perform the technique, grab the opponent's hand with both hands. The hand of the same name is passed from below in the region of the opponent's armpit, covering it, and the opposite hand is superimposed on his hand from above. Turn your back on him and put his hand on your shoulder of the same name. Bend your legs a little and put them together. Leaning and straightening the legs so that the pelvis knocks the opponent's thigh back and up, perform a throw (Fig. 25).

Rice. 25

Leg grab throw

Performed when the opponent is standing in a straight frontal stance with their feet close to the attacker.

Performing the reception, you need to step forward and, bending over, grab the legs (hips) of the enemy. Further, lifting it up, tear it off the carpet. Then, bending over and putting your foot back, throw. At the time of the throw, you should pull the opponent's legs up.

Throw through the thigh with the capture of two hands

The enemy is pushing you. His straight legs are narrow. To perform the reception, the opponent’s sleeves are captured from below, with a reverse grip. Then, pulling the left hand of the opponent to the left and forward with your right hand, pull his right hand towards you with your left hand. At the same time, turning your back to the enemy, you need to knock out his right thigh with your pelvis and perform a throw (Fig. 26).

Rice. 26

Escort and escort techniques

It may be necessary to escort the offender to the police station (if there are no law enforcement officers nearby). You can deliver it using escort techniques.

Curl of the arm behind the back

1. Substituting the forearm of the left hand in front of the forearm of the right hand of the opponent, it is necessary to grab with his right hand the right hand just above the elbow.

2. Step back, turning to the right, and dash with your right hand down along you, unbalancing the opponent. With the forearm of the left hand, bend the arm and bring it behind the back, grabbing the elbow from above, and stand sideways to the enemy.

3. The right hand grabs the clothes on the opponent's chest. Capture can be carried out by the hair, eye sockets, by the nostrils.

4. Movements during accompaniment are performed with opposite steps (your left leg takes a step simultaneously with the step of the opponent's right leg) (Fig. 27).

Rice. 27

Press the brushes "under the handle"

Starting position: standing behind, to the right of the opponent.

1. With a step of the left foot, grab the enemy’s hand of the same name by the wrist with the right hand, and with the left hand by the elbow bend from the inside.

2. Performing a strong jerk of the opponent's elbow towards yourself, bend the attacked arm in the elbow joint. At the same time, the right hand presses the opponent's hand in the wrist joint.

3. With a step of the right leg, intercept with the left hand from the elbow and hand in such a way that the opponent’s arm, strongly bent at the elbow, is as deep as possible in your armpit, being pressed by your left hand to your side. The right hand helps to keep the opponent's hand in a bent state (Fig. 28).

Rice. 28

Elbow lever through the forearm

Starting position: standing to the enemy at an angle of 45 degrees; the right hand is grasped by the wrist with your right hand.

1. With a step of the left foot, strike with the left hand in the head (lower jaw), with the same right hand, make a strong jerk of the captured hand along itself, twisting it outward, and press it to your chest.

2. With your left hand, grab the attacked arm from above, bringing your forearm under it just above the elbow, grab the clothes on your chest.

3. With the right hand, continuing to twist the opponent's arm outward, press it down and, straightening the right arm forward, with the help of a painful effort, take the opponent's body behind his side back.

4. Performing a painful effect on the opponent's elbow, by bending it in the opposite direction through your left forearm, force the opponent to rise on his toes (Fig. 29).

Accompanying with the use of the shoulder and forearm grip on the neck

Performed when approaching the enemy from behind.

Grab the enemy’s neck with the shoulder and forearm of the right hand, while the forearm should press on the throat, blocking the breath. Your left hand grabs the opponent's left hand by the wrist. Turning counterclockwise, stand with your back to the back of the enemy and, bending him in the lower back, drag him behind him with his back forward.

Escort or escort can also be done together, by combining various techniques.

For example:

1. One performs an elbow lever through the forearm. The second - simultaneously with the first - the "under the handle" method.

2. Together, they perform the “bend of the arm behind the back”.

One of the methods of escorting may be the performance by two escorts of the capture of the enemy by the clothes. It is performed as follows.

starting position: stand on the side of the enemy, to the right or left.

1. The one standing on the right grabs the right hand or sleeve of the opponent in the elbow area with the right hand, and the pants in the knee area with the left hand. Standing on the left, at the same time, performs a similar grip on the other side (with the left hand - the left hand; with the right hand - the left leg).

2. Performing a pushing movement with the hand that grabbed the clothes on the sleeve forward (the hand that grabbed the trousers should lift the opponent’s leg up), both escorts should push and jerk at the same time, tearing the opponent’s body up off the ground, thereby the body is in the air.

Methodological bases for improving the technique of hand-to-hand combat

1. Performing hand-to-hand combat techniques combined in various bundles or combinations (3 hits, 4 or 5).

2. Performing tricks after acrobatic exercises in a certain direction (for example, a somersault back - a somersault forward - a blow to the head).

3. Practicing strikes in a certain direction (forward). Only the direction of blows and their number are given (for example, 2 from below - right side - kick). Performed on the move. One attacks, the other defends. It is performed at a slow pace, as the pace increases as you master it.

4. Fight at a slow and fast pace, i.e. conditional sparring with a specific task (performing a counterattack, hitting to kill, throwing or grabbing, increasing or reducing the distance).

5. Training fights:

a) sparring with a constantly attacking opponent;

b) sparring with a counterattacking opponent;

c) sparring with a highly technical opponent.

6. Hand-to-hand combat according to the rules of the competition.

7. Performing hand-to-hand combat or defense techniques in various situations:

a) indoors:

When opponents are separated by a table;

When both are sitting on chairs side by side, facing each other;

Threesome, two interact against one;

b) on the street:

They go towards each other;

One sits on a bench, the other approaches him from the front, from the side;

c) after overcoming the obstacle course:

Two or three milestones are established, on which the student, passing the strip, performs blows, and also defends himself from blows with objects (knife, stick, stool, board).

In order to constantly maintain the acquired hand-to-hand combat skills at the proper level, there are several ways.

Method one. Inclusion of elements of hand-to-hand combat techniques in the content morning exercises, self-study general physical training.

Method two. Practicing hand-to-hand combat techniques by performing paired exercises with a change of roles.

Method three. Practicing the technique of punches on boxing equipment (bags, pears, paws).

Method four. Training and competitive sparring.

In hand-to-hand combat, special preparatory exercises which help students to better master the elements of hand-to-hand combat techniques. The exercises are divided into three groups: movements, strikes and defensive actions, as well as individual exercises and exercises in pairs. They are carried out by walking in a circle, in place and in combination with steps in all directions.

I. Movement exercises

1. Move in small sliding steps.

2. Move with sliding side steps, left or right side forward.

3. Move quickly sideways with sliding side steps, alternately turning 180 degrees.

4. Move forward in a fighting stance with side steps.

II. blows

1. Apply a direct (side, bottom) blow to the left with a step of the foot.

2. Rotate the torso to the right and left by cross-coordination (when stepping forward with the left - turn to the left, with a step with the right - to the right).

3. Apply a direct (side, bottom) blow to the right with a step of the left foot.

4. Alternately apply direct (side, bottom) blows with the left and right hand. A blow with the left hand is applied with the step of the right foot, a blow with the right hand - with the step of the left.

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From the author's book

A series of punches and kicks with the use of protection 1. A direct blow to the head with the left hand, a direct blow to the head with the right hand, a side kick (low kick) with the left foot on the inside of the thigh of the opponent’s left leg, a kick with the heel to the liver with the right foot ( back kick), you can

As you can already understand, in this article we will talk about punching. Any person who wants to, first of all, should learn punches. Why did I say this? Because kicks are more spectacular, and, for example, for me, there is no more spectacular kick than a kick to the head. Yes, it’s a beautiful blow… But you have to come to everything with time, and if you don’t know how to punch, it’s unlikely that you will get high-quality kicks. After all, the main thing is not to “kick”, but to understand the movement, understand the sequence of muscle work, and make the body work smoothly. If you look at people who do not know how to hit, then you can immediately identify a lot of mistakes in them, and there are much more mistakes in kicks, and this is understandable, since balance also plays a very important role here. Due to inexperience, people simply lose their balance and almost fall.

Experience and technique are very important, but despite this, even with a well-placed kick, on the street, you can create for yourself unnecessary problems. Naturally, it is worthwhile to objectively evaluate the opponent, and not to make the first blow - with the foot, but the probability of losing balance remains, and the person lying on the ground is more than an easy target. This is not to mention the fact that there can be two opponents - here it is even more dangerous to carry out kicks. It is precisely for this reason that street fights punches are more suitable, but this does not mean that kicks should be completely excluded. Of course, a "savory" low kick in the end will not be superfluous, but not at the beginning of the fight. But here, too, an interesting moment ... You can use Lowe at the beginning, but depending on what kind of opponent. If you see that the opponent does not differ in physical fitness, then you can immediately break through the low and let him think about his actions.

You won't lose your balance when working with your arms, but you can still lose it if you trip over something, but that's the thing... You can move skillfully and counter multiple opponents while maintaining your steadfastness and "hard" stance. Also, punches are faster and less noticeable.

Let's look at punching and elbow strikes.

Punching:

Direct hits
Side kicks
Uppercuts
Roundhouse kicks
Strikes with the lower part of the fist (from the little finger)

Elbow strikes:

Side elbow strikes
Hit from the bottom up
Downward blow

Of course, let's first look at punching.

Direct hits. The most common hits. The front hand is a jab, the back hand is a cross. You can use both a series of direct blows, and in conjunction with the side. Direct punches have serious power provided. The front hand strike is done with a substep, and everything must happen quickly so that the opponent cannot understand what has happened. The front foot steps in the same place, only slightly forward, and the arm flies out with it. Next comes the continuation of the series or a quick return of the arm and leg. Naturally, in street conditions it is better not to use single strikes. You can conduct a series: left straight, right straight, left side.

The right straight has more serious power, and this is logical, but this is for right-handed people. Lefties are the opposite. The blow with the right hand is more noticeable, and it is not reasonable to let it go first. It must follow the left straight line. After the right straight, you are fully charged for the left hook.

Side kicks. Side kicks are often more powerful, and a series of punches can be started with them. The left side can be applied with a substep, from two feet and from a place. Naturally, the most difficult is from two legs, but at the same time it is very powerful, due to the additional acquisition of speed. But first of all, you need to learn the lateral from the spot and from the substep. To perform the left side, you need to charge like a spring, while wrapping the right leg and body. After that, as the same spring straightens, turning the right leg, and pointing the toe of the left leg in the direction of the fist strike. In side impacts, the main thing is not to swing your arms too much. The fist should come from the temples, not from the waist.

During the right side kick, there is a turn of the foot of the right leg, the pelvis, respectively, and, in principle, the entire body, as in any strike. The hand is sent from the temple along an arcuate trajectory.

Remember that in any strike the whole body must participate. I suggest that you read the article "".

A very good option is a series of side kicks, from 3 to 5-6. If the blows are delivered and the fists are “stone”, then after such blows the opponent will not be sweet. The position of the fist during the side - as if you are holding a mug

Uppercuts. Uppercuts to the head are good punches, but they are not very suitable for barehanded combat, as you can hurt your fingers on the opponent's jaw. They are applied from below, while the impact surface of the fist is directed upwards. Pretty good for repaying an opponent's attack. There are also uppercuts to the body, which can be applied to the solar plexus or liver.

Roundhouse kicks. These include punches, namely the back of the fist. You can hit with a full turn, or you can hit while standing sideways to the opponent, even with lowered hands. The blow from lowered hands can be continued with the right side.

Strikes with the lower part of the fist. Hits with the lower part of the fist are most often applied when the opponents are on the ground, and accordingly strikes are delivered from above to the opponent's head.

Elbow strikes

Lateral elbow strikes. Lateral elbow strikes are applied with the same body movements as during side punches. But there are certain points that must be taken into account. Lateral elbow strikes are applied at medium distance, and in general - all elbow strikes. The arm should be fully bent at the elbow joint. So that the speed is high, we relax the hand until the moment of contact, and when a blow occurs, we strain the hand and arm as a whole. During the blow, the hand should not hang down, and always be in the beam of the forearm. At the peak phase, the hand, preferably clenched into a fist, and it should be at the chin. The blow is applied along an arcuate trajectory, and is applied from top to bottom. That is, the elbow is brought up and placed on top of the target, but this is not critical, since you can hit it even sideways well.

Hit from the bottom up. Like an uppercut, but with an elbow, and it only hits the head between the opponent's hands. The movement of the body is similar to the uppercut with a fist.

Downward blow. This is a very dangerous blow, but not very easy to execute. This blow is applied from above to the head - to the crown, back of the head and upper vertebrae. Elbow strikes are very powerful on their own, and strikes in these areas can lead to serious consequences. They can be carried out when the opponent is leaning, or by tilting him. Also, such strikes are carried out from a jump. Such blows can also be applied to the upper region of the trapezium and to the region of the collarbone, which will also be very painful. At the end point, the striking surface of the fist is directed upwards.

It is best to use a bunch of punches. For self-defense on the street, the most the best way- turn on the series and do not stop until victory is in your hands. Of course, the best series that can be advised are the series of side and direct punches. Also, based on the distance, you can use side elbow strikes.

Strikes must be honed on the bag, but you should not grab everything in a row. Take 2-3 hits to start with and study them thoroughly.

Spectacular pumping of the body - Health Portal

Boxing

Muay Thai

MMA

Footwork

Tyson's work

Conclusion

Of course, let's first look at punching.

Elbow strikes

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