So, your attention is presented to the author's TOP-10 rating of martial arts for self-defense. A little about myself: the total experience of martial arts is about 10 years. Among them: kickboxing, muay thai, RB, jujitsu. I have a fairly dense experience of close communication with representatives of various martial arts both in full-contact competitions and on the street. Based on this PERSONAL EXPERIENCE, I made the corresponding rating.
I can definitely say one thing: one-on-one and one-on-one fights/crowd-on-crowd fights are quite different in terms of technical and physical requirements. preparation.
I have a deep conviction that in a 1 on 1 fight, wrestling skills + weight, preferably not superfluous)) are in the first place in a mass battle, delivered, tempo punches to the head, and speed of movement come first.
Naturally, at the same time, I do not deny the proverb that it is not the style that wins, but the fighter. I am sure that the Olympic champion in judo in heavy weight with a probability of 90% will throw amplitude over his back against the curb and land 2-3 light-weight boxers on the head. But we will speak in an average, otherwise there will be no rating at all))
Based on the foregoing, the ability of martial arts to resist both one opponent and several, that is, to beat and fight, was taken as a basis. Therefore, do not be surprised that the vast majority here are mixed species, which at first glance do not differ much. They differ in history, rules, specifics of the training and competitive process and distribution area, all this leaves a significant imprint on their effectiveness on the street and on their place in the ranking.
Well, the last question that is asked quite often: what is the point of comparing martial arts?
I think we should not forget that almost every one of us came to the gym in order to learn how to fight/defend ourselves. For the sake of this, thousands of boys, and not quite boys, come there every day. And only over time, those units that remain, begin to change the goal - from "protect yourself" to "become a champion."
Brief abbreviations:
MMA - mixed martial arts, mixed martial arts
BI - martial arts
RB - hand-to-hand combat
ARB - army hand-to-hand combat

So let's go!

1. Combat sambo

Deservedly ranked first Combat Sambo. To date, this is the most common type of full-fledged mixed martial arts in the CIS space with a very wide arsenal. Here, punches, kicks, elbows, knees and even the head are allowed!) Throwing techniques, punches and kicks in the stalls, suffocating and painful on any limbs are allowed. Fights can be held both in helmets and without, which is also a very valuable experience, because. a blow missed in a helmet and without it is felt quite differently. Combat Sambo took the first place also because of all full-fledged mixed sports in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, this type has the largest number of qualified coaches of the Soviet era and a proven training methodology, as well as the largest number of teaching places.

2. Hand-to-hand combat

Sports hand-to-hand combat. This species is not a full-fledged mixed species as such due to the partial castration of the parterre and the shock part. In the stance, you can not beat with your knees, elbows and head. You can't hit on the ground. The time of wrestling in the stalls is also limited, while an unscrupulous referee can often raise to the rack even if one of the opponents is predominantly a wrestler, and active technical actions are being carried out in the stalls.
The second place was taken by RB due to the fact that it is the most common mixed species. AT small towns you may not find Combat Sambo or MMA, but you will definitely find RB! And the practice of performing at competitions will help to separate the wheat from the chaff and use only effective technique. Plus, a relatively small number of technical actions will help you master the basics of the striking part in the stand and wrestling in the stalls in less time than in "full-fledged mixed events."

3.MMA / Valetudo / Mixfight / Freefight

If we lived elsewhere, this direction would rightfully take first place. In America, MMA is already the most common type of BI, and there are a huge number of excellent gyms with professional trainers for it. With us, unfortunately, this is still only a tribute to tradition. Good coaches can be found in large cities, often from current or former MMA athletes. But good coaches are rare here. All training programs consist mainly of the results of the coach's amateur performance and his wild imagination + scraps of knowledge from foreign colleagues seen on video or read in interviews.

4. Pankration

I put this direction in a separate paragraph, since it requires a separate consideration. Pankration as a whole is an MMA sport, but with some historical circumstances that make it different. They lie in the fact that a huge number of athletes perform in pankration - freestyle wrestlers (freestyle wrestling), who take the vast majority of prizes in all competitions. This left its mark on training. Enough in many gyms they train "fighting with finishing" and wrestling + "put hands")). Naturally, this does not apply to all halls, but the trend is observed. Potentially very a strong plus pankration is its opportunity in the future to become olympic view sports, in this case, the pace of its development will be simply colossal.

5.Army Hand-to-Hand Combat (ARB)

Of the advantages of the style is a very wide technical arsenal, which is even wider than in combat sambo. Here it is allowed to finish off a prone opponent with both hands and feet, headbutt, etc. Also a definite plus is the wide distribution of the ARB and a large number good coaches. Of the minuses - the presence of an unrealistically huge amount of protection - a helmet with a mesh, pads with feet, a vest. Potentially especially dangerous is a helmet with a mesh - people who are not used to getting in an open face often get lost at first, and on the street this can decide the outcome of the fight, because. 90% of punches fly from the right and in the nose))) This problem is inherent in fighters of the ARB, KUDO and karate styles where they do not hit the head with their hands, it is removed by the practice of contact sparring or a period of half a year - a year of boxing training.

6. KUDO

The hallmark of the style are fighters in helmets - aquariums. Almost any actions are allowed, elbows and ruts in the rack. Of the minuses, we have a somewhat castrated stalls - there are restrictions on time and on blows. Also a minus of a similar ARB is a helmet - an aquarium. The undoubted advantage of martial arts is its wide distribution, a large number of qualified coaches, a well-developed methodological component, a large number of competitions. different levels and preserving the traditional spirit and aesthetics of karate. Also, the system is constantly developing, there are experts with professional directions.

7. Combat Ju Jutsu / Combat Jiu Jitsu

Combat Jiu Jitsu is a tribute to fashion mixed martial arts. To the traditional jiu-jitsu, the added technique of punching, kicking and kneeling from hand-to-hand combat, boxing, kickboxing. In general, it is a fairly holistic system with a strong emphasis on the stalls. Finishing in the stalls with hands and any painful and suffocating are allowed. Pros - very good technique wrestling and throws, rather strict MMA rules, traditional wrestling training technique, great emphasis on PHYSICAL. Of the minuses - a somewhat weak technique in the stance, not much popularity and prevalence of the style, and as a result, a small number of participants in the competition and a small number of good level athletes.

8. Ju Jutsu / Jiu Jitsu

Oddly enough, many do not know that in traditional jiu-jitsu there are punches and kicks. It is also characteristic that full-contact competitions in traditional jujitsu are tougher than in the direction of the combat, due to the fact that gloves and pads are not used at all in some jiu-jitsu competitions.
Nevertheless, the advantages of this martial art are an excellent ground floor and excellent throwing technique. The downsides - low level techniques of punches and kicks, even at the national championships and a large number of coaches - charlatans teaching jiu-jitsu under the auspices of various incomprehensible federations that grow like mushrooms after rain.

9. Sambo

SAMBO was originally a system designed for self-defense and widely used by law enforcement officers. This is the only purely wrestling martial art in the ranking. But he didn't get here by accident. SAMBO has long been in service with power structures, and according to statistics, with the help of his techniques, a huge number of law enforcement officers neutralized criminals, and came out alive and unharmed from many delicate situations. The key here is to work out the basic techniques to a state of automatism, in order to apply the technique without hesitation, on a subconscious level, in an extreme situation of a street collision.

10. Muay Thai / Boxing classic

Thai boxing is also the only but already purely shock type of martial arts in the ranking. The fact is that in Thai boxing you have the greatest freedom of action in the stance. In addition to the fact that this is Muay Thai, this is an "eight-armed" fight, that is, punches, kicks, knees and elbows are allowed, wrestling in the rack is allowed, and strikes from the rack are also allowed. All this in Thai boxing will teach you like nowhere else. Therefore, if you do not allow passage to the legs, Thai boxing er has a great chance of winning. After all, what is the probability that an experienced wrestler will attack you on the street?
Well, everything is clear with boxing - firstly, here in the shortest period of time you can learn how to defend yourself - because of a very narrow arsenal. Secondly, this is martial art No. 1 when working with a group. Thirdly, a large number of competent specialists, many of them still of Soviet hardening.

And finally, let me remind you of a couple of eternal truths:
- it's not the style that wins, but the fighter
- before training, you need to take an interest in the achievements of the coach himself, both sports and coaching
- you need to practice where you want to practice, every time I force myself to go to training through I don’t want to fail
- it is better to start with a friend, and preferably with several. This will allow you to kick each other so as not to miss training, and it’s more fun together + there will always be someone to pair up with.
- in most gyms you can come for a trial workout, or even several - for free. Do not rush, go to several gyms to different coaches, different styles and stay where you like.
Don't buy expensive gear right away. The simplest - bandages, gloves, kimonos can be bought inexpensively. Everything else, especially good firms can wait up to six months. Firstly, you need to make sure that you stay here for a long time, and secondly, you will not be looked askance at as a beginner in a $200 Hayabusa kimono with a black belt that came with it)))

The ability to defend plays an important role in the history of every nation. Under the influence of natural, historical and cultural factors, many hand-to-hand combat tactics were created and developed, each of which absorbed elements of the ethnic group of its country. Ways to strike the enemy and inflict pain became more and more effective, and over the course of many centuries, a simple fight with the help of stones and sticks turned into a real martial art.

We bring to your attention the 10 most dangerous martial arts in the world, each of which has gone beyond the country of origin and has become popular in many parts of the world.

10. Jiu-jitsu

This is a very effective and tough way of fighting, which appeared during street fights, and is now included in the list of sports disciplines.

9. Kazukenbo

This is an explosive mixture of boxing and karate. It arose in the first half of the twentieth century in Hawaii, as street wrestling. In this way, the natives defended themselves from sailors and gangs who sailed.

8. Capoeira

This method of fighting, included in the 10 most dangerous martial arts in the world, originated in Brazil during the time of slaves and their owners. Fugitive slaves defended themselves in this way from soldiers and slave traders. The fighting technique was so skillful that capoeira was banned at the legal level. But the Brazilian blacks did not want to part with it, and this struggle lives to this day in the form of a dance with combat elements.

7. Sambo

This type of struggle arose in the 20s of the twentieth century in the ranks of the Red Army, as self-defense without the use of improvised means. Sambo is a universal wrestling in which you can use not only arms and legs, but also elbows, knees, throws, jumps and choking techniques.

6. Bojuka

Bojuka is also one of the ten most dangerous martial arts in the world, since its use is aimed at a swift victory over a real enemy, and there are no specific rules and prohibitions in this martial art. It arose at the end of the last century and is actively used in the training of bodyguards.

5. Jeet Kune Do

Its creator is the legendary Bruce Lee. This is a mix of many combat techniques, aimed at maximum damage to the enemy in a minimum of time. In this way, Bruce Lee turned the pompous Chinese fighting techniques into effective street fighting.

4. GRU special forces combat technique

Soldiers use it special purpose. There are no analogues of Russian martial art in any country in the world, therefore it is considered one of the most dangerous.

3. Muay Thai

This technique certainly deserves to be included in the top of the most brutal martial arts in the world. Everything is used in it: feet, knees, elbows, head.

2. Aikido

Perhaps, each of us has heard about this martial art. But not everyone can skillfully master it, because aikido implies the ability to control human and earthly energy, redirect it in the right direction and fight without aggression and anger. To become a true professional in aikido, you need to learn the ancient Eastern teachings and enlighten yourself spiritually, what at first glance is done very easily, is achieved by incredible physical and spiritual efforts. In the arsenal of a professional, Aikido becomes the most dangerous weapon.

1. Bokator

This name translates as "fight with a lion." This wrestling comes from Southeast Asia and owes its origin to observant men who copy the habits of animals during the fight. Bokator, among other "animals" of martial arts, is considered the most dangerous, since, like Muay Thai, there are practically no forbidden tricks in it.

Martial arts or martial arts is a set of techniques that allows you to defeat or cause maximum damage to the enemy, based on the mastery of your body and concentration of the spirit. Martial arts is not just a set exercise and rules of engagement. Often this is a philosophy, a life's work, a heavy professional duty.

Each fighter has his own motivation and goals. Martial arts training is necessary for self-defense, demonstration of strength, endurance, agility, achievement inner harmony. At the same time, victory is not always built on physical superiority over the enemy. The martial artist uses the opponent's strength and height against himself, thereby gaining the upper hand in the fight.

martial arts classification

There are a huge number of methods and techniques for close combat. Representatives of each nation, nationality or individual country sought to create their own unique evasions, blows and tricks to protect themselves from numerous enemies. Hence the classification of wrestling on a national basis:

1. Oriental and Asian. They are subdivided into:
   • Japanese: kobujutsu, judo, sumo, karate, kudo, iaido, kendo, aikido;
   • Chinese: traditional kung fu, wushu;
   • Korean: taekwondo, hapkido;
   • Thai: Muay Thai;
2. European: fencing, kickboxing, freestyle wrestling, French savate, English bartitsu, boxing, jujutsu, freestyle wrestling;
3. Brazilian: jiu-jitsu, capoeira;
4. Russians: fist fight, Slavic-Goritsa wrestling, sambo, "wall to wall", shod san lat (Ingushetia), kuresh (Bashkiria). It is in the Russian school of martial arts that the methods developed for the needs of the army are widely represented: SEB (system effective combat), Russian domestic self-defense system, hand-to-hand combat.

There are also less well-known and common Azerbaijani gulesh, Georgian hridoli, Kazakh Kazakhsha kures, Georgian chidaoba, Israeli Krav Maga other.

The division of martial arts according to the techniques used is common:

• Throwing - excludes striking. The task is to knock the opponent down or force him out of the arena with the help of pushes, grabs and holds. Such methods are typical for freestyle or classical wrestling, sumo, grappling, jiu-jitsu.
• shock - different kinds boxing, capoeiro, taekwondo, karate - striking an opponent with hands, feet, as well as with the help of knees, elbows, wrists.
• Mixed - a symbiosis of different styles and schools. It is the most traumatic, but at the same time, spectacular view. Such martial arts include: combat sambo, kudo, Russian hand-to-hand combat.

There is also a division by purpose:

• sports - fencing, freestyle wrestling, kickboxing, boxing, karate and others. Distinctive features are the presence of strict rules, judges, time limits. The main task is to prove your superiority over the rival athlete.
• combat - various techniques of hand-to-hand combat, krav maga, bartitsu. The task is self-defense and neutralization of the enemy. There are no competitions in these martial arts.
• mixed - martial arts, widely loved by street masters. Of course, the complete physical destruction of the enemy is not provided, but there are practically no restrictions and rules.

Thus, there is no single generally accepted classification of martial arts. The list of martial arts is long, and the techniques and techniques are varied. Some involve the use of weapons (fencing, kung fu, wushu), others are aimed at achieving spiritual enlightenment and the ideal; in some, the emphasis is on the fight against several opponents, the basis of others is one-on-one combat. It can be said that martial arts aimed at the internal development of man, the achievement of harmony. While Russian and European traditions consider self-defense and aggressive protection of a person to be the basis.

The difference between martial arts and martial arts

Speaking of existing types struggle, it is necessary to understand the fundamental
the difference between martial arts and martial arts.

The main goal of any martial art is to sort things out with an opponent in the sports ring. Clearly established time and rules of the battle, the presence protective equipment, the presence of judges and spectators, the scoring system, certain standards, sports titles and rewards - contribute to fair combat with a single opponent.

Martial art is more of a street or military direction. These are fights one on one or with a group of aggressive people, the purpose of which is to commit violent acts towards their victim. The use of martial arts skills helps to survive and neutralize the attacker.

The most popular martial arts

Karate. One of the most popular destinations. Initially, the technique was used for self-defense and did not involve the use of any weapon. The defeat of the enemy is inflicted with the help of precise and powerful blows on vital organs. demonstration performances karate masters are very spectacular: they with bare hands and with their feet they break blocks of ice, stacks of boards or tiles.

Greco-Roman wrestling. sporty look included in Olympic program. The athlete must unbalance the opponent, make him fall, press him to the mat and hold him in this position for some time.

Judo. A very soft style based on grabs, turns, throws and holds. The philosophical component is also important. Judo is first of all the upbringing of the spirit.

Boxing. It involves striking with hands protected by special gloves. The fight lasts up to 12 rounds. It may end earlier if the opponent fell into the ring and could not get up within 10 seconds.

Sambo. A view aimed at disarming the enemy and self-defense. Uses throws, holds, grabs. In addition, there is a sports direction with a scoring system.

The most cruel and exotic martial arts

Not in every fight you can count on the honesty of the enemy and mercy in case of loss. There are martial arts that are characterized by cruelty and high injury rates.

Bokator. The direction originated in Cambodia. It involves applying merciless elbows and knees to the most sensitive parts of the body, holding, dislocating joints, sharp throws and strangulation.

Buck. Homeland - the slums of Peru. The main task is to survive. The tremendous speed of the attack, fractures of the limbs, strangulation and strong blows to the vital organs - these are the techniques that characterize this direction.

Lerdrit. A set of techniques used by representatives of the special forces of Thailand. The fight is reduced to the instant killing of the enemy with the help of hard hit throat or temple.

Kalaripayattu. Indian martial art, the masters of which, with the help of a single point blow to a certain place, are able to paralyze or kill their victim.

Hand-to-hand combat. Russian equipment, which is trained by special forces soldiers. Speed, endurance and strength are the main components of this direction. The main goal is complete control over the body of the enemy, its instant detention and destruction if necessary.

Martial arts carry great power. They can lead to sports victories, fame and success. They can save lives and protect the weak. They can cause injury, injury, or death. You can not treat them lightly and thoughtlessly. Any power should be for the good and help people.

Video about martial arts (techniques)

Martial arts are special complexes of techniques and techniques for self-defense. Possession of any martial arts is considered the best way come out victorious in a fight with an opponent. It became widespread in Russia in the 1990s. To a large extent, this was facilitated by the desire of part of the younger generation to become bandits, and the other part of this generation to protect themselves from bandits.

Motives for practicing martial arts

The most basic motive for those who decide to enter a school or martial arts section is that a man must be able to fight, protect himself, his girlfriend, relatives, loved ones, etc. In adolescence, the fact of practicing martial arts greatly increases the status of those involved in eyes of friends and classmates. Many young people begin training with the goal of joining the Airborne Forces or other elite troops, or making a career in law enforcement agencies. Girls begin to go to classes more often in order to, and at the same time, get a lot of attention within the male team and learn how to defend themselves from street hooligans and rapists. A lot of people are engaged in order to make a career in professional sports.

Myths and truth about martial arts

Thanks to the martial arts media, an incredible amount of myths and fiction has spread.
Myth 1. A martial artist is able to emerge victorious in a fight with a whole crowd of opponents.
In fact, some preparation significantly increases the chances of defeating an opponent. But if there are two or more of these opponents, the chances decrease in proportion to the number of "enemies". Much depends on what direction your martial art has: sports, health or combat. However, hand-to-hand training is never a bad idea if you're up against a serious mob. At least you will always know when to fight and when to run away.
Myth 2. Martial arts help protect against a bully armed with a knife.
Again, not always. Even in order to successfully defend against an opponent with a knife, in training it is imperative to learn the appropriate techniques and bring them to automatism. Much depends on how well the opponent owns his weapon. In addition, even high combat training does not guarantee against injury. A knife wound is a loss of blood followed by loss of consciousness. Readers of MirSovetov should not forget about it.
Myth 3. Improving martial arts skills automatically eliminates the need to improve physical fitness.
This myth is very developed among practitioners of aikido, the Kadochnikov system and similar martial arts. In fact, lack of physical fitness turns any martial art into a kind of dance or fitness. Conversely, good physical fitness can replace martial arts.
Myth 4. Martial arts will help a girl to defeat men, and a frail teenager - a hefty bighead.
This is not true either. Throughout the civilized world, competitive weight categories valid for all competitions. In addition, men have always had and will always have an advantage over women in physical strength and reflexes. Therefore, in order for a girl to defeat a street hooligan, she must be a master of sports, and he must have a very modest idea of ​​\u200b\u200bcombat and physical training, and preferably also be drunk. However, for a girl, it can help to neutralize the enemy, at least temporarily. For example, taking advantage of the fact that they do not expect any serious resistance from it, strike at pain point. In extreme cases, it will help to simply break free and run away.
Myth 5. Victories in training fights and competitions mean victories in street fights. It is so and not so at the same time.
Training duels will teach you to apply your knowledge and skills on a living opponent, mark your limits, teach you how to take blows. Winning competitions means you've learned a lot. But real fight- this is not at all what gym. On the street, several people will beat you at once, they will strike you in the most vulnerabilities, otherwise they will get knives and sticks. Both unpreparedness and inability to act in such conditions will definitely play a cruel joke with you.

Styles and schools of martial arts

Over the millennium history of human development, ways and methods to cause damage to others have been systematized and formed into a wide variety of types, subspecies and varieties of martial arts. It is very difficult to understand them. For example, only in China there are more than 1000 different schools, styles and directions. But on a geographical basis, one can distinguish: martial arts, European and domestic martial arts, as well as all the rest.

Oriental martial arts

Kung fu (wushu). This is a collective term meaning the common name for all Chinese martial arts. Just as in Russia the phrase "hand-to-hand combat" means everything related to combat training, in China all martial arts are called kung fu or wushu. Moreover, the term "wushu" is more familiar to the Chinese themselves, and the term "kung fu" was invented for foreigners. China is a leader in the diversity of all kinds and varieties of combat systems, and even a simple enumeration of them is rather difficult. Therefore, martial arts, in short, are divided into "external" and "internal" styles. "Outer", for the most part, trace their history back to the legendary Shaolin Monastery and are characterized mainly by percussion techniques for arms and legs, hard physical training. The "internal" styles are Tai Chi Quan, Xing Yi, and Bagua Zhang. Currently, they are practiced exclusively for recreational purposes, and the combat component is almost lost. Although the ancient masters of Taiji easily came out victorious in a fight with students from Shaolin.
Separately, it is worth mentioning all sorts of exotic combat systems in China. These are imitative styles that imitate the behavior of animals, birds, insects, including fictional ones, as well as the style of a drunkard, imitating the behavior of a tipsy person. The main value of such martial arts lies in the fact that their carrier moves in battle completely unpredictably, strikes from unthinkable positions, and this confuses any unprepared opponent.
Karate (karate-do). This is the most popular martial art not only in our country, but all over the world. It is considered Japanese, although it traces its history from the island of Okinawa. Okinawan peasants, under a strict ban on all piercing and cutting objects, used the "external" styles of Chinese kung fu to protect themselves from the samurai. Over time, knowledge and skills formed a coherent and effective combat system, including methods of using peasant household items as weapons. This is how the nunchaku and tonfa known to many appeared. Then, at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century, the single combat of the Okinawan peasants became widespread in the main archipelago of Japan, and was called "karate". In order to popularize the Japanese masters, training fights in full contact were replaced with non-contact or limited contact. As a result, training became much less traumatic, and everyone who wanted to go into karate. Over time, most styles became more sporty and less combative. Truly martial, Okinawan, styles of karate are highly rigid and have nothing to do with sports. Closest to them are the styles of kyokushin-kai and ashihara-karate.
Jujutsu (jiu-jitsu). Historically - hand-to-hand combat techniques Japanese samurai. There are a lot of styles, as in karate. The techniques and techniques of jujutsu have a lot in common with karate, judo and aikido and many other modern martial arts, not necessarily oriental ones. This is explained by the fact that in the middle of the 20th century, jiu-jitsu was incredibly popular all over the world, and before that it was extremely popular in Japan. Therefore, many masters who created their own styles of martial arts seriously studied jujutsu. Currently, this type of martial art remains a fairly effective combat system for both girls and young people. The latter, however, is recommended to supplement jujutsu techniques with karate strikes.
Judo. It currently represents wrestling developed on the basis of jujutsu. Based on this art, a Soviet system sambo wrestling. Therefore, many Soviet athletes studied both judo and sambo at the same time. The second wave of popularity in our country began with the coming to power of Putin, who is her admirer. If you forget about sports rules and restrictions, judo is no less effective than jujutsu and sambo and is quite useful for defense against street hooligans.
Aikido. One of the most popular descendants of Jiu-Jitsu. Aikido is characterized by unbalancing the opponent, using his energy against him and a variety of defense techniques against an armed opponent. The effectiveness of aikido is similar to that of jiu-jitsu and judo. However, due to the specificity of the techniques, more time and effort must be devoted to mastering aikido, otherwise the techniques may become useless outside the gym. Aikido is very popular among girls and intelligent young people, because from the outside it seems to be a fairly simple and safe way to learn how to fight. In fact, the risk of injury in aikido is no less than in combat sambo. It affects a large number of creases of the joints and throws.
Aikido has, perhaps, the most complex and confusing philosophical and religious component. In many schools, it is taught rather illiterately, so many fans refuse it altogether. Also, there are officially no attack techniques in this martial art, so competitions among aikido practitioners are not held and it is rather difficult to find out who is the strongest.
Hapkido. Korean version of Japanese aikido. According to legend, the founder of aikido, Morihei Ueshiba, and the founder of hapkido, Choi Yongsol, studied together at the school of aiki-ryu jujutsu. Hapkido, however, is very different from its Japanese counterpart - it emphasizes hard submissions, percussion technique and the study of weapons. Trainings are as close as possible to real conditions, but competitions are held very rarely due to their extreme injury risk. The effectiveness of hapkido is evidenced by the fact that it is the official training system for police and soldiers in South Korea.
Muay Thai. A tough martial art from Thailand. The main emphasis is on hard punches with elbows and knees. It is in this martial art that one can as soon as possible become a formidable fighter, both in the ring and on the street. But the price of this is an extremely high injury risk. The career of a professional Muay Thai athlete very rarely lasts longer than 5 years, but very often ends in disability.
Taekwondo (taekwondo). A Korean martial art similar to karate but with more varied kicking techniques. Thanks to Korean propagandists, taekwondo has become an Olympic sport, while karate is still far from it. The performances of taekwondo athletes are very spectacular due to the abundance of high kicks. But outside of the gym, kicking can be disastrous. In winter, on the ice, in the elevator and the entrance, in cramped rooms, it is extremely difficult to strike with the foot, and the hand technique in taekwondo is poorly developed. There is a more effective and fighting style of taekwondo - kyoksul. It is studied by the special forces of Korea, but it is impossible to find an instructor outside this country.
Kendo, kobujutsu, nunchaku-jutsu and other martial arts with weapons. Kendo is a samurai school of katana, a Japanese sword. Kobujutsu is the art of owning improvised items as a weapon, which, along with karate, was in the “armament” of the Okinawan peasants. For obvious reasons, students in these schools are only allowed to practice sparring after a few years of training and only with training weapons. And in kendo - also in traditional samurai armor, which makes the fights quite safe. practical use there is no such training in the form of self-defense skills, therefore only amateurs and only “for themselves” are engaged in these arts. However, this does not prevent the halls from being filled with students not only in Japan, but also far beyond its borders.
Ninjutsu. Something more than just a martial art. This is a comprehensive training system for medieval Japanese spies, including hand-to-hand combat, the study of all types of ninja weapons, camouflage techniques, and so on up to vaulting. Ninja hand-to-hand combat techniques are not much different from jujutsu, but the main emphasis is on destroying the enemy with one blow. It is important for readers of Mir Councils to know this, since at present 95% of ninjutsu schools are quackery and profanity. Several different combat systems are taken, combined together, weapon handling and survival techniques are added - and new style ninjutsu ready!

Russian and European martial arts

Boxing. One of ancient species European martial arts. It has been an Olympic sport since Ancient Greece. There is even a legend that the ancient Greek philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras was repeatedly Olympic champion boxing. The first rules of boxing matches took shape in England, so the British consider it their national sport. Sports direction in boxing is no different from applied. A boxer only needs to learn how to punch without boxing gloves so as not to injure the hand, and also learn how to defend against blows below the belt. A very effective martial art in terms of outdoor use, and good results can be achieved in a relatively short time.
Savate (French boxing). System street fight with extensive use of low level kicks, sweeps and trips. The technique of punches was initially undeveloped, but later supplemented with boxing punches. Sports savate differs from applied savate in the wide use of legs, including for blows to the head. An interesting section of French boxing is fencing with canes with metal knobs, which were once an indispensable attribute of any French gentleman.
Sambo. Created in the USSR on the basis of judo and national wrestling techniques and was intended both for sports and for training hand-to-hand combat representatives of power structures. That's why sports sambo in fact, it is a heavily modified judo, and combat sambo is a highly effective combat complex with shock equipment, not intended for the masses. With the fall of the USSR, many people began to study combat sambo and win various mixed fight championships with its help.
Kadochnikov's system. A martial art developed taking into account scientific knowledge - physics, anatomy, physiology. The training system of each fighter can be adjusted to his individual physical, anatomical and physiological parameters. It was developed for the needs of the Ministry of Defense, in order to make a combat vehicle out of each soldier as soon as possible. At present, there are almost no instructors who know all the subtleties and nuances of the Kadochnikov system, and those who teach know only the technique of performing techniques. Evil tongues often call the Kadochnikov system the Skazochnikov system because for many students, even after several years of classes, the learned techniques do not work even in a friendly match. It should be noted that the system was developed as a second martial art for the professional military in addition to the already existing first and to the already existing physical training. And without these most important components, it cannot be of practical importance.

Other types of martial arts

Kickboxing. Classic boxing with the addition of elements from karate and taekwondo. In particular, kicks. Kickboxing was born in the USA thanks to American propagandists of the same karate and taekwondo. Sports kickboxing is distinguished by the variety of different federations, each of which has its own competition rules and a wide variety of techniques. Someone focuses on the work of the hands, adding a little kicks, and someone - on the contrary. The applied effectiveness of taekwondo largely depends on the physical fitness of the fighter.
Capoeira. Brazilian martial arts is a dance that uses only the legs in combat. Capoeira was developed by Brazilian slaves. They were forbidden to raise their hands to the white gentlemen, so they began to use only their legs in their martial arts. Slaves were also forbidden to learn any martial arts, so capoeira was disguised as a dance. For the uninitiated, the workouts looked like just a celebration with songs and dances. The complexity of mastering capoeira is approximately equal to the complexity of break dancing, and there is almost no efficiency on ice and in tight spaces.
Krav Maga. A martial art created in the Czech Republic and Hungary by the Jew Imi Lichtenfeld on the basis of jiu-jitsu so that the Jews could protect themselves from all sorts of "ill-wishers". Subsequently, Lichtenfeld emigrated to Israel and offered his developments to the War Ministry. Since then, Krav Maga has been officially studied by the military, police and intelligence agencies of Israel. The system is very effective, since the most simple and effective jujutsu techniques are combined with exactly the same effective techniques from other martial arts. Trainings are focused exclusively on application in life. There are no good Krav Maga instructors in our country: Jews are happy to emigrate to Israel, but there are no people who want to come back.
Combat hopak (cathedral). Ukrainian national martial arts. Although hopak fans say that their system has Old Slavic roots and traces its history back to Kievan Rus, they do not provide evidence for this. The techniques used in it are a crude compilation of techniques from other martial arts. There is no reliable data on the applied value of hopak.

Injuries in martial arts

It is sad, but injuries in the classroom and competitions happen. Only those who have been engaged in physical training for more than a year or already have experience in martial arts can avoid them, but this rarely happens. The most common injuries in percussion martial arts are broken noses, knocked out teeth, injuries to the fingers and wrists, and fists. In martial arts, sprains, torn ligaments, ear injuries, injuries from falls, joint dislocations, retinal detachment and other troubles, up to a fracture of the spine, are most common. Also in martial arts of all kinds, knee injuries and concussions are common.
Everyone knows the methods of protection against injuries - it is mandatory to use protective equipment, knowledge of safety precautions during training, holding training fights with limited contact (one third of the strength) or non-contact ones. Full contact is allowed only at serious level competitions.

Restrictions for martial arts

Given all the injuries described above, there are restrictions for those wishing to learn martial arts. Musicians, artists, jewelers, surgeons, illusionists and representatives of other professions that require fine work with their hands should not practice martial arts. The reason is that quite probable hand injuries, which often happen to many, can put an end to the profession. The way out may be to study aikido or internal wushu styles. But remember that mastering these styles requires much more time and effort than many others. Especially if your goal is to really learn how to defend yourself.
There are also medical restrictions on martial arts. Be sure to consult with your doctor before enrolling in the section. For example, impaired vision after the first missed blow to the head can lead to retinal detachment. And heart problems put restrictions not only on martial arts, but also on many other sports.

All types of martial arts originate from ancient times, when fighting styles were developed and used on enemies to protect families, villages and tribes. Of course, at first, the old martial arts were quite primitive and did not reveal the possibilities human body, however, over time they were improved and transformed into completely different directions, making them more cruel and aggressive (Thai boxing) or, conversely, soft, but no less effective (Wing Chun).

Ancient martial arts

Most historians consider wushu to be the ancestor of all martial arts, but in refutation of this there are other opinions supported by facts:

1. The very first martial art arose in 648 BC and was called "Greek pankration".
2. The Turkic people, who lived on the territory of modern Uzbekistan, developed the martial art "Kerash", which became the ancestor of modern martial arts.
3. Hindus, like other peoples, also practiced the creation effective method wrestling and, according to many historians, it was they who laid the foundation for the development of martial schools in China and the rest of the East.

Note: the third hypothesis is considered the most realistic, and its study continues even now.

Martial arts: types and differences

In the East, martial arts have a completely different purpose than in Europe or America, here everything is not so much about self-defense as about spiritual development person through the implementation physical tasks, the correct overcoming of which allows you to reach the next level of harmony of the soul.

The best types of martial arts in European countries are based solely on self-defense and the protection of man and society, and in oriental arts combat is completely different, there cripple a person is considered not the best solution to the problem.

When considering martial arts, China most often starts with China, which, according to many people, introduced the martial arts of oriental origin to other states, but there are many other countries in the east that practice their martial arts and gain followers around the world with great success.

Karate and judo are the most popular martial arts. Types, of course, are not limited to just two styles, no, there are quite a few of them, but there are even more subspecies of both famous methods, and today many schools insist that their style is real and priority.

Chinese martial arts

In ancient China, people practiced wushu, but until 520, this type of martial arts stood on " dead center"development, and only helped protect the inhabitants of the country from the raids of the surrounding tribes and feudal lords.

In 520 BC, a monk named Bodhidharma from the territory of modern India comes to China and, under an agreement with the Emperor of the country, creates his own residence on the territory of the Shaolin Monastery, where he begins to practice merging his knowledge of martial arts with Chinese wushu.

Bodhidharma did not work on a simple merger of wushu and his martial art, he did a great job, during which China switched to Buddhism, although it had previously practiced Confucianism and in some parts of the country Taoism. But the most important achievement of a monk from India is the transformation of wushu into a spiritual art with elements of gymnastics and at the same time strengthening the combat side of martial arts.

After the work of the Indian monasteries, they began to develop wushu directions and create sports, martial and health styles of martial arts. After spending many years teaching the Chinese, wushu masters reached the island of Okinawa (previously not owned by Japan, but practiced jiu-jitsu), where they studied Japanese styles of martial arts and developed the famous karate.

Japanese martial arts

The first in Japan is jiu-jitsu, which was not based on contact with the enemy, but on how to succumb to him and win.

During the development of self-defense, the basis was the state of mind and focus on the enemy in such a way that the fighter stopped seeing the environment and completely concentrated on the opponent.

Jiu-jitsu is the founder of today's judo, with the exception of traumatic throws and fatal blows to the enemy, but the basis of both arts of fighting the enemy is the same - to succumb in order to win.

Combat sports

Popular martial arts exist not only in the form of serious combative techniques, and many of them have styles that were originally developed as martial arts. There are dozens of types of contact techniques that are related to sports today, but the most popular are boxing, karate, judo, but mixed martial arts MMA and others are gradually gaining popularity.

One of the first to come to the sport was boxing, the purpose of which was to cause maximum harm to the opponent so that he could not see or the judge stopped the fight due to the abundance of blood. Judo and karate, unlike boxing, are soft, forbid contacts in the face, which is why they are valued not as but as martial arts. Sports such as boxing or mixed fights are gaining popularity due to the contact and displayed aggression, which gives them high ratings.

Other types of martial arts

Each country has its own martial arts, which were developed in the style of behavior of the inhabitants or their living conditions.

A serious example of the development of a martial art in terms of lifestyle and weather conditions is the ancient Russian style of fighting lyubka.

In the old days, it prepared ordinary peasants for self-defense even against professional soldiers, for which it was invented on the principle of local weather conditions. During Maslenitsa, the peasants played a popular game on ice, where several rows of residents (men) walked at each other and had to break through the enemy's "wall", and physical contact was allowed (with the exception of the face and groin area).

The ice prepared the peasants for difficulty and forced them to learn to maintain balance even in difficult conditions for this, and the martial art itself was not aimed at harming, however, the fighters should have knocked out the enemy (unconsciousness).