A newborn baby is limited in movement due to the characteristics of his body. The not fully formed motor apparatus of the crumbs does not allow him to perform those movements that, for example, are available to babies of one year of age. In order for the motor activity of the baby to develop and improve, physiotherapy exercises for babies are useful. Such gymnastics is very useful for newborns, and can be performed not only in cases of developmental disabilities or any congenital pathologies. Physical education for babies is as mandatory as lessons physical education in kindergarten or school.

What gives babies gymnastics?

exercise therapy (therapeutic Physical Culture) can be applied even if the baby is absolutely healthy. After all, there is no guarantee that the pathology will not show up a little later. Therefore, the child must move from birth, of course, with the help of parents and exercise therapy.

But how does therapeutic gymnastics affect the children's body?

1. During exercise, blood flow to muscles and tissues increases.
2. Exchange processes are activated.
3. Improves the functionality of the adrenal glands.
4. The general physical development is normalized.
5. Strengthens the body's defense system.
6. The musculoskeletal and skeletal system is properly formed.
7. Promotes the development of important reflexes.
8. The functionality of the gastrointestinal tract is normalized.
9. Stimulates brain development and mental development generally.
10. Strengthens the nervous system.
11. Classes on the ball (fitball) improves the vestibular apparatus.
12. Strong adhesion of muscles and bones is provided.
13. Helps improve sleep and appetite.

Since the baby during periods of wakefulness is happy to play with its arms and legs, massotherapy will give him even more pleasure. Gymnastics activates other parts of the baby's body, as a result of which the baby will quickly learn to sit, crawl, walk. In addition, regular exercise therapy classes- excellent prevention of muscle hypertonicity and posture disorders. Exercise therapy can be prescribed for hip dysplasia, congenital hip dislocation, muscular torticollis, cerebral palsy, flat feet and clubfoot, congenital scoliosis.

Rules for exercise therapy

Before you start doing therapeutic exercises for your child, you should familiarize yourself with the rules for its implementation.

1. The best time to start exercise therapy is a month old. In this case, gymnastics should alternate with massage. From the age of six months, a medical complex of classes begins to be done with exercise therapy, and ends with a massage, allowing the child to relax and unwind.
2. If the infant feels unwell, physical education should be canceled. It will be possible to continue doing therapeutic massage only after the baby has fully recovered.
3. A baby may be naughty during a massage. At such moments, you need to distract him with a toy or calm him down by picking him up. It is better to accustom to classes gradually, and the unloved exercise is performed at the very end of the complex.
4. Watch your movements - do not overdo it, otherwise the next time the baby will refuse the massage by screaming and hysteria, remembering the pain and discomfort that he felt last time. Remember: after the procedure, there should be no red spots on the baby's body, and even more bruises.
5. Before you start doing gymnastics, you need to ventilate the room, eliminate drafts. Optimum temperature air - 20-22 0 C. Perform gymnastics 0.5-2 hours after eating and bathing.
6. The table where you will massage the child should be free on three sides so that it is possible to freely approach the baby.
7. It is important to wash your hands thoroughly before the procedure, warm them up, remove all metal objects (bracelets, watches, rings), cut off your nails. On the skin of the hands of an adult there should be no abrasions and wounds.
8. A baby aged after a month can be naked during the procedure, a newborn baby is partially exposed - those places on the body that are massaged are opened.
9. If physiotherapy exercises are carried out, the crumbs are put on a T-shirt or short-sleeved T-shirt, panties with a diaper.

An infant during exercise therapy should lie on a flat surface (for example, on a changing table). The total class time is 15 minutes. Each exercise is recommended to be repeated three times. All movements should be accompanied by affectionate words, a smile - gymnastics should evoke positive emotions in the child.

It is very important to follow the order of exercise therapy correctly: first, start the complex with gentle and light stroking movements, without pressing hard on the child's body. It is customary to stroke the handles from the fingers to the shoulders, the legs - from the feet up, the tummy - from the sides to the navel. Stroking the tummy should be done exclusively clockwise and around the navel.

General exercises for therapeutic exercises

If the infant is ready to learn what exercise therapy is, start doing the following exercises.

1. We develop proper breathing. Lay the baby on his back, cross his arms over his chest. Raise the handles in turn, hold them slightly in this position. Then lift both handles up, wind them up behind the head, and then lower them down, placing them along the body.
2. Gymnastics for legs. Bend the baby's legs at the knees and hip joints, close them, bringing the knees together. holding thumb knee, the rest grab the pelvis of the baby and rotate the pelvis to the sides. Another exercise is to bend the baby's legs in turn, and then alternate their bending with bending the arms. The third exercise is to spread the legs in the hip joint. At the same time, efforts should not be made - everything should happen slowly and carefully.
3. Twists from back to tummy. In order for the baby to learn to roll over, this exercise must be performed. It is important to have an assistant nearby. The baby should lie on his back. The assistant pulls his right arm up and holds it in this position, and the instructor at this time fixes the right thigh of the crumbs. Then the assistant should fix the right palm of the baby on the table, spreading the palm. The instructor should shift the left leg of the crumbs through the right, helping him roll over on his tummy.
4. How to teach a child to crawl? It is easier to perform the action together: one adult holds the baby by the legs, the second by the hands. The first alternately pulls the legs to the tummy, and the second - in turn rearranges the baby's arms. If the infant does not yet hold his head on his own, another adult should be involved in the exercise.

4 months after birth, the baby will begin to make the first attempts to sit down. During this period, it is important for him to help, and therapeutic exercises will help in this.

1. From the “lying on the back” position, the baby is lifted behind the back, focusing on the right arm, bent at the elbow. The same is repeated with the left handle.
2. The child lies on his back, they give him a stick 2-3 cm thick in his hands. Holding the fists of the crumbs, they lift the baby from the surface of the table, forcing him to sit down. You need to make sure that the legs of the baby remain straight.
3. The stick is placed under the diaper, folded several times, the child is placed on it with the legs, holding it under the armpits. The location of the legs is shoulder width apart. During squats, you need to make sure that the legs do not mix.
4. Tilts on a stick. Put the child, as in the previous exercise. With the right hand, the baby is held by the stomach and chest, and the knees are fixed with the left. After that, slopes are performed.
5. Stand on all fours. Adults lift the child by the tummy, fix the handles on the surface of the table, and bend the legs at the knee and hip joints. In this position, the child should be about 1 minute.

When the baby can already stand on all fours, he is taught to crawl by analogy with crawling on his stomach.

Exercises with the ball (fitball)

It turns out that you can not only play with the ball, but also strengthen the body of a small child. For babies, the following fitball exercises are useful:

• rocking forward-backward, left-right, clockwise, with shaking. In this case, the child should lie on his back;
• we bend the legs of the baby at the knees to the tummy, while lowering the ball towards us, unbend the legs, lowering the ball away from us;
• we train the child’s tummy with the same movements as in the first exercise, only the baby needs to be laid not on the back, but on the tummy.

During exercises on the fitball, you need to cover it with a diaper, and also make sure that the baby does not hit his head in the process. At first, the exercises should be simple and easy, over time they can be complicated.

A set of exercise therapy exercises for babies

As a rule, physiotherapy exercises for children with pathologies are prescribed by a specialist, who also determines which exercises will be most effective for the child. If the child has no deviations in physical development, parents can take gymnastics as a basis next complex exercises:

1. Stroking the body, limbs.
2. “Mahi” with handles to the sides from the “lying on the back” position.
3. “Cross swings”: cross the arms of the crumbs on the chest, spread apart, cross again, etc.
4. Alternate flexion / extension of the legs at the knee.
5. Light tapping on the baby's chest (exercise helps strengthen the pectoral muscles).
6. Strokes on the back: we draw with the index and middle fingers along the spine in the direction from the bottom up, with the palms from the spine to the ribs, in a circular motion from the lower back to the head (perform with the thumb) and along the lower back from the spine to the ribs.
7. Massaging the scalp with fingers while performing light circular motions, or with a soft brush.

All movements should be accurate, performed without pressure. The complex can be supplemented with new exercises as the child grows up.

Contraindications to exercise therapy

There are cases when therapeutic exercises are categorically contraindicated for infants:

• infectious diseases, fever;
• heart, pulmonary insufficiency;
• skin diseases: allergic dermatitis, fungus, infectious rash, burns, injuries, etc.;
• gastrointestinal disorders, accompanied by vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea;
• bleeding and blood diseases;
• tumors of different etymology;
• changes in urinalysis;
• acute inflammatory and purulent processes.

Also, do not do therapeutic exercises to the child if he has undergone vaccination. You can resume classes 3 days after receiving the vaccine. If the baby's well-being has not improved during this time, gymnastics is postponed for at least a week.

After the first classes, the baby will fall asleep better and sleep soundly. This is a normal reaction when additional physical activity is introduced into the habitual mode of the newborn. But it is worth paying attention to the fact that if the baby becomes capricious and falls asleep badly, you should reduce the load of exercise therapy and completely abandon classes for a couple of days, observing the child's condition all this time. If the child is weakened, give him time to rest - arrange classes in a day or two, but if the baby is in a good mood - do gymnastics daily.

Children's physiotherapy exercises (LFK) occupies an important place among physiotherapy and other methods of treating a child. It includes different kinds physical exercises aimed at eliminating the symptoms of various diseases, strengthening the body and preventing the occurrence of a number of health disorders.

Unlike other methods of treatment, physical therapy involves the active participation of the child in the process of training, while other methods (for example, massage, mineral baths or procedures performed using various devices) do not require any effort on the part of the patient. The more important and more stable is the achieved effect, because everything that is achieved with difficulty is more valuable and useful than that obtained without the active participation of the person himself.

When working with children, the specialists of the SM-Doctor clinic in Moscow use various sets of exercises aimed at getting rid of the symptoms of a number of diseases. In the center physiotherapy exercises classes are held for children and adolescents, the program of which is tailored to the individual characteristics of the body of each patient.

Indications for use

Physiotherapy exercises are used by specialists of the SM-Doctor clinic to improve children with various diseases. The list of indications for the use of children's exercise therapy is quite extensive:

• disorders in the work of the heart vascular system outside the exacerbation phase;
• peripheral vascular disease;
• chronic diseases respiratory organs;
• disorders in the digestive system;
• diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract;
• metabolic disorders, including obesity;
• diseases of the nervous system;
• with osteochondrosis, scoliosis and other diseases of the spine;
• disorders and injuries of the musculoskeletal system.

When deciding on the appointment of physical therapy classes, the pediatrician also takes into account possible contraindications for performing exercises: inflammatory processes in the acute stage, febrile conditions, sinus tachycardia, infectious diseases, pronounced pain syndrome, a tendency to bleeding, the general serious condition of the patient.

Features of children's physiotherapy exercises in "SM-Doctor"

Children's physical therapy in Moscow is successfully used in the clinic "SM-Doctor". Qualified specialists conduct classes taking into account the necessary indications, degree physical fitness child, phase of the disease.

Before conducting classes for each patient, make up individual course, which consists of an introductory, main and final period. Initially, physical activity increases gradually, and as the level improves physical training patient, the intensity of exercise is increased and brought to the required level.

All exercises of therapeutic gymnastics are performed by children under the supervision of an instructor. The healing effect is achieved only if the entire course of exercise therapy is regularly performed. Particular attention during the course is given to correct breathing the ability to relax various muscle groups.

It is better to perform any exercises under the guidance and supervision of a specialist, because at home it is difficult for parents to dose physical activity children.

The cost of classes is affordable, and the effect obtained many times pays for the effort spent.

Positive results

Thanks to regular classes Physiotherapy exercises achieve a stable positive effect, which is as follows:

• the metabolism in the body is normalized;
• muscles are strengthened and muscle tone;
• indicators of coordination of movements and balance improve;
  immunity increases;
• improves blood and lymph flow in the body;
• the psycho-emotional state of the child is normalized;
• the performance of the heart and respiratory organs improves.

Treatment of diseases of children's physical therapy

Specialists of the clinic "SM-Doctor" advise to perform exercises of the complex of physiotherapy exercises in the presence of the following diseases in children:

• metabolic diseases;
• degenerative processes in the musculoskeletal tissues (osteochondrosis, scoliosis, etc.);
• diseases of cardio-vascular system(in the absence of contraindications);
• injuries of the musculoskeletal system;
• diseases of the digestive system;
• chronic respiratory diseases outside the exacerbation phase.

Rehabilitation with the help of children's physiotherapy exercises

Physiotherapy exercises have a very beneficial effect on the child's body after suffering illnesses or injuries, therefore they are recommended in the following cases:

• after operations on the heart, organs abdominal cavity, lungs in order to reduce the postoperative period and restore the necessary functions of organs;
• during the recovery period after injuries, bruises, fractures;
• after orthopedic operations;
• to speed up the recovery period after suffering respiratory diseases.

The use of children's physiotherapy exercises for the prevention of diseases

Physiotherapy exercises are also indispensable in order to prevent the appearance of a number of diseases. Due to regular physical activity, the child's immunity is noticeably increased, as a result of which the body's resistance to the occurrence of respiratory diseases increases.

As a result of strengthening muscles and ligaments, the risk of sprains, fractures and other injuries, for example, in case of an accidental fall, is reduced.

Physical exercises are extremely beneficial for the spine. Thanks to the strengthening spinal column the likelihood of developing osteochondrosis is reduced, and at present, this disease can appear even in adolescents due to seated image life and hours spent at the computer.

The exercises also strengthen nervous system child, which is very important for the proper organization of the learning process and the preservation of the health of the student. With regular exercise, all indicators of children's health improve.

Doctors attend the following clinics:

Name of service	Price, rub.)
Physiotherapy appointment	1800
Physiotherapist appointment (repeated)	1700
Consultation of a physiotherapist, candidate of medical sciences	2600
Exercise therapy for violation of posture ( individual lesson)	1000
Exercise therapy for violation of posture (group lesson)	500
Exercise therapy for deformation of the legs and feet (individual lesson)	600
Exercise therapy for deformation of the legs and feet (group lesson)	300
Exercise therapy for diseases of the musculoskeletal system (fractures, sprains, contractures) (individual lesson)	800
Exercise therapy for diseases of the musculoskeletal system (fractures, sprains, contractures) (group session)	450
Exercise therapy for diseases of the cardiovascular system (individual lesson)	750
Exercise therapy for diseases of the cardiovascular system (group session)	500
Exercise therapy for diseases of the upper respiratory tract and lungs (individual lesson)	800
Exercise therapy for diseases of the upper respiratory tract and lungs (group session)	450
Exercise therapy for diseases of the endocrine system (individual lesson)	750
Exercise therapy for diseases of the endocrine system (group session)	400

Services of the children's department in the city of Solnechnogorsk are provided with a 15% discount from the prices indicated in the price list

To date, physical therapy in childhood is a great variety of games and activities that allow you to restore and improve the functioning of organs and other body systems without interfering with child development.

The Benefits of Exercise

Movement is the basis for the development of the body, especially in childhood, a person cannot live a day without movement. Separate types exercises can affect possible disturbances in the functions of the body, which is very important when taking into account diseases in individual organs and systems. for children is based on the positive effect of exercises on the child's nervous system, strengthening immunity and correcting existing pathologies ().

A very important role in therapeutic physical culture conducted with children of preschool and primary school age is played by special outdoor games that not only have a therapeutic effect, but also stimulate positive emotions. Exercises are able to regulate the various functions of all systems and organs of the child's body without exception. During the exercise therapy exercises for children, a great variety of methods and practices are used, or rather:

• exercises that include gymnastic elements;
• simple active games;
• hardening;
• massages for healing and treatment;
• auxiliary mechanical devices (mechanotherapy);
• gymnastics in the pool.

Features of exercise therapy in infants

The key to the successful implementation of the prescribed exercise therapy exercises for children is the compliance of the means and methods of conducting classes with the age characteristics of the child. It is important to remember that exercise therapy for children of early infancy should be carried out by a certified specialist, especially in the first months of life. Be sure to follow the methods of dispersed loading. The time allotted for exercise therapy should not initially exceed 7-15 minutes.

The first years of a child's life are characterized by very high rates of development and growth of the organism as a whole. All possible indicators are intensively increasing: height, weight, volume chest, foot sizes. As the child's body grows up and develops, the movements become more meaningful, acquire the physical completeness of actions, a certain expediency. But in the child's consciousness, the processes of serenity still prevail over the processes of concentration. According to the results of social surveys, two-year-olds are physically active 60% of the time, excluding sleep time, and by the third year, activity reaches 70% of the time awake.

Given the characteristics of children in this age group, exercises should be selected simple, which do not require a high concentration of attention and intense physical activity.

Exercises in the pool and passive gymnastics, massage are very good. As you develop and grow up, you can connect active games with elements of therapeutic exercises for correct posture.

Features of exercise therapy in preschoolers

During the period preschool age(from 3 to 7 years) in children there is an intensive growth of the limbs. Fundamental changes and transformations in the development of speech abilities are taking place. The kid masters the initial skills of interactions with the outside world.

Improved further development the main types of movements, the aiming of throwing and throwing various objects, running skills arise, new elements in building a jump and landing.

Given the rapid fatigue of the muscles and the relative weakness of the bones of the skeleton, children of primary preschool age are still incapable of prolonged physical activity. It is advisable to diversify the exercises during classes as much as possible and carry them out in game form. Time payload may be slightly increased and should not exceed 15–20 minutes.

Suitable for this age group:

• active games with elements of exercise therapy in the fresh air;
• gymnastic exercises with the use of a ball, fitball;
• classes in the pool;
• therapeutic and wellness massages.

Features of physical therapy classes for schoolchildren

Already at school age, the volume of exercise therapy is used in full force. Classes last at least 30-45 minutes and lead to, which is very important at this age, since the asymmetric development of the muscles of the body leads to a violation of posture and the occurrence of curvature of the spine, which in the future is fraught with pathology of internal organs. Therefore, the methodology for conducting classes is developed taking into account the age of children, their physical capabilities and level of activity. To do this, you need to be equipped with all the necessary simulators and equipment. gym. Only a specialist should conduct exercise therapy classes and select exercises for children.

Properly prepared and worked out by a specialist to the smallest detail, the exercise technique will really help improve the health of the guys.

It is important to know that in the therapeutic physical culture conducted with school-age children, a special place is occupied by games of a mobile nature, which include therapeutic elements. During the game, use all parts of the body in running, walking, squatting, jumping, throwing, and the child himself will perform all the exercises, as he is passionate about the game process.

For kids over 7 years old game lessons varied and include many elements and techniques. At this age, you can read books about physical education. For younger students, it is best to use story games, that is, calling children cartoon characters and offering to perform imitative actions of their favorite characters (Tom and Jerry, Mousetrap). Be sure to perform game elements with the ball. Older children are happy to participate in relay games with the implementation of sports elements, the use of gymnastic equipment.

Purpose of exercise therapy

In order to select a game that contains therapeutic elements, the instructor or doctor will first get acquainted with the child's diagnosis. After that, taking into account the age load and the degree of adaptation of the child to it, he will select a group appropriate for development. The saturation of the game is based on a combination of all factors therapeutic exercises and corrective motor elements (running, jumping, walking, projectile throwing).

It is very important to take into account the level of complexity of the perception of the rules of the game and the balance of emotional and physical stress when performing roles. Also, the instructor should keep in mind that the game he offers should be of interest and cause a desire to continue, repeat it.

Outdoor activities

Physical therapy classes in open areas are very useful, where, in addition to the therapeutic effect of exercises, hardening of the child's body is achieved. This is especially true for educational sanatoriums, where children are academic year. In such institutions, physical therapy classes are held very often in the fresh air for almost the entire academic year.

Most often, the sanatorium has a wide range of playgrounds for a variety of sports games, for example, a field for mini-volleyball. This game is effective tool comprehensive physical development child, it contributes to the harmonious growth of the muscles of the body, the formation of the muscular corset. A variety of movements with the use of game situations on the site helps to eliminate the risk of overwork, prevent the development of muscle imbalance.

With an experienced instructor and appropriate equipment, active games will not only bring pleasure to the children, but also have the proper healing effect.

Children who need walks and fresh air are advised to go on hikes of a certain duration, cycling in specially designated areas.

It is believed that swimming is the most difficult type of sports-applied exercises, but if you carefully prepare, choose the right set of exercises, you can get a lot of good impressions and a positive therapeutic effect.

Exercise therapy for children with posture disorders plays a very important role. With regular conduct of such gymnastics, the results become noticeable after a few months. In addition, therapeutic physical culture has a strengthening effect on the entire body.

Normal posture implies the symmetry of the whole body, the correct position of the spine. However, more and more children suffer from poor posture. The reasons for this phenomenon are that modern children spend a lot of time in front of TVs, game consoles, computers and move very little.

This condition cannot be called an illness in the full sense of the word. However, poor posture greatly increases the risk of developing various skeletal pathologies and more. Such a child is more likely to have diseases of the digestive tract, organs respiratory system susceptibility to neuroses. This is due to the fact that the volume of the lungs decreases, all internal organs shift somewhat.

There are several types of this condition:

1. Kyphosis. A condition in which the physiological outward curves of the spine are enlarged and those directed inwards are flattened.
2. Scoliosis. Asymmetric posture, in which there is a displacement of the spinal column to one side. In this case, you can notice that the child's shoulders are asymmetrically located (one higher than the other).
3. Flat back. With such a pathology, all physiological curves of the spinal column are somewhat smoothed out.

Exercise therapy for violation of posture is almost a panacea for such children. After all, the children's body is just being formed, it is malleable, and all the shortcomings can be easily corrected. If such a condition is started, then in adulthood a person cannot avoid serious problems with the spinal column.

In order to correctly correct your posture, it is important to choose correct exercises. This is best done by an orthopedist, who should definitely show the child. Indeed, in advanced cases, gymnastics alone is not enough. Perhaps the doctor will recommend wearing a special corset or other orthosis, or even surgical treatment.

If we talk directly about the exercises of physiotherapy exercises, then there are those that are suitable for everyone. These are usually general strengthening exercises, breathing exercises, exercises for the development of coordination.

With kyphosis of the thoracic region, exercises are shown to strengthen the muscles shoulder girdle while stretching the chest muscles.

The exercise therapy complex with a flat back is aimed at uniform strengthening of the muscles of the legs, shoulder girdle, and lumbar.

With an asymmetric posture (scoliosis), exercises are aimed at increasing the mobility of the spine, stretching it, and improving coordination of movements. It is important to observe the symmetry of body parts, so it is better to exercise in front of a mirror.

Highly important point is the frequency of sessions of therapeutic exercises. They need to be done daily until complete recovery. If you do the exercises 1-2 times a week, there will be no effect.

Exercise therapy complex for preschoolers:

1. Varied walking - on toes, with high knees - 30s.
2. Mahi. I. p. - o.s. Wave your arms up through the sides, rise on your toes - inhale, take ip - exhale.
3. Mahi with a gymnastic stick. I.p. - o.s., stick below. Raise gymnastic stick up, reach for it - inhale, lower down - exhale.
4. Move your legs. I.p. - lying on the stomach. Raise your legs, while the torso should not come off the floor.
5. "Martin". I.p. - same. Lift up upper part torso, while the pelvis does not come off the floor.
6. "Swimmer". I.p. - o.s. Half-squat, bending your knees, take your hands back - inhale, take ip. - exhale. Make sure your child's back is straight.
7. Alternately stand on one leg with arms outstretched to the sides. Follow your posture.
8. Stand against the wall, while the back and the wall should have at least 2 points of contact.

Exercise therapy complex for school-age children:

1. Raise and lower your arms with the ball. Elbows should be spread apart.
2. Lower the ball behind your head and raise it over your head. The back is straight.
3. Put your hands behind your back - one from above, the other from below. Lock them up in a castle.
4. Do tilts to the sides with outstretched arms.
5. Lying on your back bend your back lumbar. The pelvis does not come off the floor.
6. Standing on your knees and palms, bend and arch your back in turn.
7. In the same position, lift at the same time first right hand and leg, then left.
8. Lying on your stomach, simultaneously raise your shoulders and legs. Hold on like this for a few seconds.
9. Simulate riding a bike while lying on your back.

It is very important to constantly monitor the correct position of the back of such children during exercise therapy. You need to breathe properly and deeply. After performing exercise therapy, you should calmly walk around and restore breathing.

In addition, such a sport as swimming remarkably corrects posture. It gives a uniform load on absolutely all muscles, and thereby develops them. Pulling up, hanging on the horizontal bar and just walking, in which the gymnastic stick is held with the hands behind the back, are also useful for such children.

It is important to remember that such a pathology is a completely correctable phenomenon. You just need to seek qualified help in time. The specialist will select the necessary exercise therapy complex for children with impaired posture, and then your child will be healthy!

Therapeutic exercise for children is an integral part of the development and promotion of health in the presence of any developmental problems. Physiotherapy exercises for children allow you to increase, improve blood circulation and quickly adapt the baby to a visit kindergarten. Properly selected exercise therapy for children sometimes works real miracles: immunity is restored, mental performance is activated, hyperactivity is reduced, and. You can learn about how to properly conduct exercise therapy classes for preschool children from this article. It presents exemplary complexes exercises and recommendations from practitioners.

Nothing weakens the body like lack of movement (lack of exercise). Physical activity increases the body's resistance and helps it fight infections. A trained body is more resistant to overheating, cooling, fluctuations in atmospheric pressure, viruses and infections. An increase in resistance to infections is associated with an increase in the production of macrophages - "eaters" of pathogens.

Therapeutic physical education (LFK) for preschool children at home

Therapeutic physical education for preschool children should become an indispensable part of the physical education of the baby. Immunity is strengthened by all types of aerobic exercise: swimming, gymnastics, aerobics, running, walking, etc. Breathing exercises are very important for boosting immunity.

Research scientists have shown that exercise therapy at home for children has a more beneficial effect on the immune system than a balanced diet.

In case of respiratory diseases in children, gas exchange is disturbed, the metabolism changes, the protective and adaptive reactions of the body decrease.

During the illness, the baby's motor activity is sharply limited. At the same time, the parents themselves are trying to protect the sick child from any physical activity. Therapeutic exercise (AFK) improves the functioning of the respiratory muscles, bronchi and lungs. Gymnastic exercises make breathing deeper, more rhythmic, strengthen the respiratory muscles, improve the drainage function of the bronchi. Increased ventilation of the lungs leads to a significant increase in gas exchange, the blood is better enriched with oxygen.

ROS activates the production of biologically active substances that increase the body's resistance to viruses and bacteria. Physical exercise, increasing the activity of the adrenal glands, which produce anti-inflammatory hormones, reduces the body's sensitivity to the effects of various allergens.

Consequently, the correct and regular use of exercise therapy in the treatment of a sick child significantly accelerates the process of his recovery and prevents repeated relapses of the disease.

Watch the physiotherapy exercises for children in the video, which presents the most relevant expert advice and some exercises:

Exercise therapy (physiotherapy exercises) for children 2-3 years old and a child at 4 years old (with video)

The use of physical exercises in children of the 2nd and 3rd years of life. Exercise therapy for children 2 years old consists only of active physical exercises that act with the greatest load. It must be remembered that in the second and third years of life there are significant differences in the pace and nature of the development of individual children, which requires a strictly individual approach. Up to a year and a half, it is recommended to study with one or two children, then the group size can be increased to 4-6 people.

Given the rapid fatigue of children of the 2nd and 3rd years of life, physical activity should be carefully dosed. Physiotherapy exercises for a child of 2 years old should be organized in a playful way, otherwise it will not be very easy to keep the baby’s interest in classes.

The complex of physiotherapy exercises for children of 3 years old includes 8-12 exercises for various muscle groups. It is not recommended to repeat the same exercise for a long time.

It is important to support joyful mood children. Physical exercises should have an imitation character (“passed over the bridge”, “climbed into the hare’s house”, “plucked an apple”, etc.).

In physical therapy for children 3-4 years old, toys, simple gymnastic equipment (balls, sticks, benches, etc.) are widely used. After a year and a half, classes can be carried out using a game method, in the form of short motor stories (“a walk in the forest”, “we went to visit”, etc.).

Physical therapy for children 3 years old can be carried out on the street, at different times of the year it can be summer and winter active species sports and outdoor games. From 2 to 3 years old, children are taught sledding. Toddlers ride along the paths, descend from small snow slides, from 5 - 6 years old - they carry each other. Sledding develops in children strength, agility, determination.

From 3 - 4 years old children can be taught to ski. At the same time, strict sequence and gradualness in mastering the basic elements of movements must be observed. At first, children move without sticks. Depending on age and skills, skiing time is from 15 - 20 to 40 minutes. Such movements strengthen and develop all major muscle groups, improve the work of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

Ice skating is taught to children from the age of 5. With the right organization of classes, exercises contribute to the development of the main muscle groups, the formation of correct posture, strengthening the ligaments of the foot, such skills as agility, endurance, balance. Watch exercise therapy for children on the video, which shows all the basic exercises and types of outdoor games:

Cycling is available for children from 2 to 3 years old. The size of the bike must match the height of the child. The duration of the ride at a moderate pace is 10-12 minutes for children 3-4 years old, 20-30 minutes for children 6-7 years old. These exercises contribute to the development of endurance, agility, strengthen the muscles of the legs and feet, train the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

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